Introduction to OB
- 2. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness • OB "studies three determinants of behaviour in organizations: 1. INDIVIDUALS 2. GROUPS AND 3. STRUCTURE OB applies the knowledge gained about individuals, groups, and the effect of structure on behavior in order to make organizations work more effectively
- 3. Contributing Disciplines • Organizational Behaviour is an applied behavioural science that is built upon contributions from a number of behavioural disciplines Behavioural science is the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behaviour through controlled and naturalistic observation, and disciplined scientific experimentation. The predominant areas are psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science
- 5. Contribution of Psychology The Science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals Psychologists concern themselves with studying and attempting to understand individual behavior
- 6. Contributed And Continue To Add To The Knowledge Of OB contributed and continue to add to the knowledge of OB learning theorists, personality theorists, counselling psychologists industrial and organizational psychologists
- 7. Contribution of Sociology The study of people in relation to their fellow human beings Whereas psychologists focus their attention on the individual. sociologists study the social system in which individuals fill their roles Sociology studies people in relation to their fellow human beings
- 8. Contribution of Social Psychology An area within psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology and that focuses on the influence of people on one another An area within psychology, blending concepts from both psychology and sociology
- 9. Contribution of Anthropology The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities Anthropologists’ work on cultures and environments, has helped to understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behaviour among people in different countries and within different organizations
- 10. Contribution of Political Science The study of the behaviour of individuals and groups within a political environment Areas of concern allocation of power how people manipulate power for individual self- interest structuring of conflict
- 11. Challenges for OB Responding to Globalization Managing Workforce Diversity Improving Quality and Productivity- Re-engineering Total Quality Management Improving People Skills Empowering People Coping with temporariness • Stimulating Innovation and Change • Inculcating an Ethical Code of Conduct & Improving Ethical Behaviour
- 12. Employee Characteristics affecting Behaviour – Age – Gender – Marital Status – Tenure (Duration of stay in an organization) – Ability (Capacity) – Intellectual Abilities (number aptitude, verbal comprehension, perceptual speed, inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, spatial visualization, and Memory) – Physical Abilities (specially for successfully doing less skilled and more standardized jobs) – Ability-Job Fit (Directing attention at interaction of both - the employee's abilities and the ability requirements of the job)