Introduction to Operating system

Introduction to Computers andTechnology (ICT)

 The first operating system was introduced in
1956,to run a single IBM mainframe computer.
 It was created by General Motors.
 Operating systems in the 1950's were called single-
stream batch processing systems because the data
was submitted in groups.

 An operating system is system software
that manages computer hardware and
software resources and provides common
services for computer programs.

 It ties all the components of operating system
together and regulates other programs.
 It determines which programs get access to
which hardware resources.I
 It alerts other programs.

 Provide a user interface
 Run programs
 Manage hardware devices
 Organized file storage
7A-7

 Provide input-output management
 Manage system memory
 Manage processing task
 Control access to system resources
 Manage files

 Real-time operating system:
 Very fast small OS
 Built into a device
 The task will be completed by specified time
 Respond quickly to user input
 Medical devices, Robot, Industrial system

 Single user/Single tasking OS:
 Allow single user to perform only one task at a
time
 MS-DOS, Mobile, Laptop, Windows and Palm OS
 Take up little space on disk
 Run on inexpensive computers

 Single user/Multitasking OS:
 Allow single user to perform two or more task at a
time
 Most common form of OS
 Windows XP and OS X
 Require expensive computers
 Perform task in short period of time
 Tend to be complex

 Multi user/Multitasking OS:
 Allow multi user to perform two or more task at a
time
 Many users connect to one computer
 Each user has a unique session
 UNIX, Linux
 Maintenance can be easy
 Requires a powerful computer

• Multi user/Multitasking OS
 If the network connection to the server is broken,
the user cannot do any work in the application on
the server.

 User interface:
The set of items you see on screen
is known as user-inteface.
 How a user interacts with a computer
 Require different skill sets.
 Types:
1.GUI
2.CLI

 Graphical user interface (GUI):
 Most common interface
▪ Windows, OS X, Gnome, KDE
 Uses a mouse to control objects
 Uses a desktop metaphor
 Shortcuts open programs or documents
 Task switching

 Command line interface:
 Older interface
▪ DOS, Linux, UNIX
 User types commands at a prompt
 User must remember all commands
 Included in all GUIs
 Faster than GUI

 Many different applications supported
 System call
 Provides consistent access to OS features
 Share information between programs
 Copy and paste
 Object Linking and Embedding

 Utilities
 Provide services not include with OS
 Increase reliability & processing speed of pc
 Prices vary
Examples
 Antivirus
 Compression
 Firewall
 Sacreen savers

 Anti-virus software
 Finds, blocks and removes viruses
 Advanced antivirus also recover data
 Must be updated regularly
 McAfee and Norton Anti-Virus

 Compression
 Compress and decompress files
 Latest versions windows have this utility
Examples

 Firewall
 Stop unnecessary & harmful data when user
connected to a network
o Hardware firewall
Devices work as gateway seprate large network from small
o Software firewall
First one is included in OS like in windows
Third party free firewall softwares

 Screen savers
 Automatically appears in idle case
 Displayed a moving image
 Can use self picture and graphic files

 In simplest way we can say that it controls
and coordinates the use of hardware through
application programs for various uses
 Play very important role in computer system.

Introduction to Operating system

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Similar to Introduction to Operating system (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Introduction to Operating system