Introduction to RS-Lecture 1.pdf

3 Month Diploma Course
“Hydraulic Engineering in River basins”
Module HERB 2.2:
Introduction to GIS & RS Applications in River Basin Management
Module coordinator: Dr. Al Sayed Ibrahim Diwedar
Lecturer: Dr. Al Sayed Ibrahim Diwedar
Prepared by: Dr. Al Sayed Ibrahim Diwedar, Eng. Eman Mahmoud Abd El Maksoud
Introduction to “Remote Sensing”
2016

Objective
After the lecture the participants will
Understand remote sensing and its process.
Define the advantages and disadvantages
Aware of the different applications of RS in the river
engineering field
2016 Lecturer: Dr. Alsayed I. Diwedar 2

Contents
What is RS
History development of RS
Why RS
Components of RS process
Different applications of RS in the river engineering field

What is RS?
YouTube Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIsUP1Ds5Pg

What is RS
 It is the science of acquiring information about the Earth's
surface without actually being in contact. This is done by
sensing and recording the reflected or emitted energy
and processing, analyzing, and applying that information.

What is RS
 Cowell 1997, “the art, science, and technology of
obtaining reliable information about physical objects
and the environment, through the process of
recording, measuring and interpreting imagery and
digital representations of energy patterns derived
from noncontact sensor systems”

 Hyman Eyes is the first sensor

Remote Sensing History
 Photograph is the first type of the remote sensing data,
beginning with the early use of aerial photography;
 The development of remote sensing starts before the
world ware and it continued to fulfil the military
requirements;
 In the 1950s significant progress in radar technology was
achieved

Remote Sensing History
 In 1956 Colwell conducted experiments on the use of
colour infrared CIR for the classification and recognition
of vegetation types and the detection of damaged or
stressed vegetation.
 By the early 1960s, the phrase remote sensing started to
appear, devices were being introduced that could detect
electromagnetic radiation in spectral regions far beyond
the range of human vision and photographic film
 The period between 1960 and 1970s is the transverse
period

Importance of Remote Rensing
Remote sensing makes it possible to collect data on
dangerous or inaccessible areas.
Remote sensing provides real time updates, and does
not require active human assistance (i.e. we can
collect data at any time, at any frequency, as long as
the equipment allows it).

Importance of Remote Sensing
Remote sensing can detect things that are not
normally present in the visible spectrum - for
example, temperature, or by detecting landforms
underneath the surface of the ground or ocean.
Remote sensing can scan large areas of land by
satellite which are not visible to the human eye.

RS Components
 Remote sensing process depends on the interactions
between earth surface materials and
electromagnetic energy

RS Process Steps
 Energy emission
 Energy Transmission from the source to the earth
surface
 Energy interaction with Earth
 Energy transmission from the earth surface to the
sensor

RS Process Steps
 Sensor data output
 Data transmission, processing and analysis

RS Process Steps

Advantages and Limitations of RS
 Ability to reach inaccessible area
 Possibility to observe a broad area at one time and
for long period
 Possibility to get information without being in contact
or visiting the site
 Very powerful in monitoring the changes
 The limitation is the RS images
 RS software and human resources is a limitation

Application of RS
 Land cover, which refers to the surface cover on the
ground, while Land use refers to the purpose of the
land serves
 Hydrology, the study of water on the Earth's surface
 Mapping and survey, the process of managing land
resources, and mapped information is the common
product of analysis of remotely sensed data.

Application of RS
 Watershed management
 Irrigation management
 Water quality monitoring
 Wetlands management and mapping
 Water resources management and development
 Coastal zone management
 Climate change
 DSS

Introduction to RS-Lecture 1.pdf

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