Introduction to Software-defined Networking
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The document discusses software-defined networking (SDN) and how it represents a shift from traditional networking approaches. SDN promises benefits like more rapid introduction of new functions, better integration with IT processes, and a programmable network that can reduce operational costs. The document outlines the progression of SDN technologies like OpenFlow and network virtualization. It provides examples of how SDN enables multi-tenant cloud computing platforms and integration with OpenStack.
Introduction to Software-defined Networking
- 1. Anees Shaikh IBM System Networking 2013 China-‐America Fron3ers of Engineering So$ware defined networking © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 2. System Networking Does SDN qualify as a “fron<er” of engineering? August 2012 May 2012 “If you aren’t in3mately familiar with SoAware Defined Networking, don’t fret. Only 10% of 450 IT prac33oners at a recent Network World event raised their hands when asked if they understand SDN ..” 2 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 3. System Networking Agenda § Understanding the shiA to soAware in networking § Why do engineers and operators care about SDN? § SDN technology progression: OpenFlow, network virtualiza<on, and controller plaLorms § SDN in prac<ce – SDN and cloud compu<ng – SDN deployments in some of the largest networks – SDN Research focus areas § Summary and references Collaboration with Mohammad Banikazemi, Jack Kouloheris, David Olshefski, John Tracey, Guohui Wang, IBM TJ Watson Research Center 3 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 4. System Networking Reali<es of tradi<onal networking § network func<ons embedded in hardware appliances – high-‐speed packet switching, protocols, and services all residing on devices § proprietary from various vendors § device-‐centric configura<on and management § proprietary CLIs and APIs § limited automa<on with custom scripts § provisioning of network services manual, slow, and prone to errors § limited agility 4 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 5. System Networking Accelera<ng shiA to soAware in networking software providers moving the control point toward software functions and virtual switching Traditional Ethernet switch vendors 5 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 6. System Networking Networks are the new virtualiza<on focus server virtualization VM VM VM hypervisor • • • • network virtualization now emerging efficiency (consolidation) multi-tenancy (isolation) flexibility (scaling, migration) hw independence (emulation) server resource pool (x86, Power, etc.) VM VM VM VM VM VM virtual networks storage virtualization in-band virtualization network hypervisor • efficiency (thin provisioning) • multi-tenancy (isolation) • flexibility (scaling, mapping) storage resource pool (storage controllers, JBODs, etc.) network virtualization • • • • 6 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 efficiency (multiplexing) multi-tenancy (isolation) flexibility (loc independence) hw independence (encap) © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 7. System Networking analytics traffic engr security VPN network applications monitoring SDN provides a well-‐defined programming and automa3on interface to the network routing SoAware-‐defined networking : the new paradigm embedded OS … std server VPN monitoring control / mgmnt functions routing OS OS custom switching ASIC SDN interface embedded OS merchant silicon ASIC hardware switch Tradi1onal, ver1cally integrated model – distributed control with forwarding – localized decision making – embedded, fixed func<on 7 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 SDN interface hypervisor OS hypervisor virtual switch hardware switch software vswitch SDN, horizontal model – decouple control and management from forwarding – end-‐to-‐end decision making – programmable func<on © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 8. System Networking SoAware-‐defined networking – the promise § rapid introduc<on of new func<ons at “soAware speed” § beUer integra<on of the network with IT processes in the enterprise § a new paradigm for applica<ons to interact with the network – tell the network what you want – ask the network what you need to know SDN architecture traffic engineering access control perf optimizer cloud networking NETWORK APIs NETWORK ORCHESTRATION LAYER device configuration virtual network creation topology discovery event collection § a clean decoupling of the service API from the underlying implementa<on § simplified, less expensive devices – drives commodi<za<on § provides a plaLorm for network automa<on that can reduce opera<onal cost 8 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 9. System Networking Progression for soAware-‐defined networking SDN applications SDN enablers multi-tenant network virtualization OpenFlow and centralized control • industry standard protocol for SDN • first production application for SDN • real deployments in campuses, large online SPs, and enterprises • multiple technical approaches • quickly becoming a standard feature on switches 9 high value services and network integration • greater variety of network-level and application-level services • vendor offerings already available or announced • integration with IT processes (security, provisioning, disaster recover, etc.) • ultimately, a standard feature • “app store” for SDN Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 10. System Networking OpenFlow : a standard protocol for SDN monitoring security QoS topology OpenFlow protocol routing OpenFlow provides an industry-‐standard API and protocol to program packet handling in switches … network control applications OpenFlow controller VM VM VM hypervisor vSwitch VM VM VM VM VM VM OpenFlow-capable switches hypervisor hypervisor vSwitch vSwitch § OpenFlow controller applica<ons install match-‐ac<on rules in switches – if <src IP = x and dest IP = y> then forward to port 2 – if <VLAN ≠ 200> then drop packet § Fine-‐grained and flexible control over packet handling 10 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 11. System Networking Mul<-‐tenant network virtualiza<on with overlays § one-‐<me deployment and configura<on of the physical network § provide each data center tenant with a single virtual network abstrac<on § SDN controller manages soAware switches on end hosts § uses overlays and encapsula<on to virtualize physical network infrastructure Tenant 2 Tenant 1 VM VM VM VM VM SDN controller § virtual network implemented purely on end hosts by soAware switches and encapsula<on § create and destroy virtual networks on demand § overcomes scaling limits of physical network virtualiza<on 11 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 12. System Networking A comprehensive soAware-‐defined networking plaLorm network access control path optimization cloud integration application provisioning NETWORK ABSTRACTIONS and APIs network control applications and integration points logical network models and application APIs network “system calls” NETWORK SERVICES and ORCHESTRATION global network view OpenFlow 12 overlay manager device configuration Software-defined Networking | May 2013 network runtime state topology discovery event collection logical – physical translation , arbitration, network-wide services “drivers” for controlling network devices and capabilities © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 13. System Networking SDN and cloud compu<ng: OpenStack example § Cloud compu<ng provides virtual servers and storage on demand in a usage-‐ based consump<on model on shared infrastructure § Cloud networking must fit into the same model – on-‐demand, programmable, mul<-‐tenant OpenStack networking manager core Quantum REST API nova (compute) glance (image lib) cinder (block stg) networking (network) API extensions Quantum plugin SDN controller … VM VM 13 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 14. System Networking Examples of produc<on SDN deployments § Management of inter-‐data center WAN traffic with OpenFlow – lack of control and non-‐determinism in distributed protocols – non-‐standard vendor configura<on APIs – centralized, system-‐wide control: faster convergence and higher efficiency see Google presentations at ONS 2012 and IETF 85 § SDN-‐based network virtualiza<on for public clouds – on-‐demand, rapid crea<on of customer networks at scale see Microsoft presentation – enable per-‐customer private addressing and policies at ONS 2013 – enabled using overlay network virtualiza<on (NVGRE) • Microsoft’s big bet on public cloud – virtual switches implement all policies in soAware service 14 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 • Lets companies move their IT infrastructure to the cloud • Provides platform services to build Sa applications, infrastructure services f IT, scalable cloud storage, and more • Elastic scaling and much lower COGS than on-prem data centers © 2013 IBM cloud • Also runs major Microsoft Corporation
- 15. System Networking Ac<ve research topics in SDN § Language support for programming the network § Verifying, monitoring, and debugging SDNs § Extending SDN from rou<ng and switching to the network service plane (L4 – L7) § SDN controller design, scale-‐out, and state replica<on § Network abstrac<ons and applica<on API design 15 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 16. System Networking References – where to learn more about SDN and OpenFlow § Open Networking Founda<on (OpenFlow specifica<on standardiza<on) – hUps://www.opennetworking.org § Open Networking Summit (Industry conference on SDN and OpenFlow) – hUp://opennetsummit.org – videos and charts available for 2011 – 2013 conferences § ACM SIGCOMM Hot-‐SDN workshop – 2012 papers and videos available, 2013 program posted § SDN and OpenFlow publicly available tools and technologies – hUp://www.opendaylight.org (Open Daylight Project) – hUp://onlab.us (Stanford / Berkeley) – hUp://www.projecLloodlight.org (BigSwitch) – … 16 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation
- 17. System Networking Summary § SoAware-‐defined networking aims to fundamentally change the way networks are deployed and operated – moving intelligence from hardware to soAware (new players) – programmability and integra<on in every device (devops) § Rapid pace of industry adop<on and interest with real deployments star<ng in cloud service providers and campuses § “Openness” is a key characteris<c of SDN – open standards, e.g., OpenFlow – open source plaLorms, e.g., OpenDaylight – open APIs § Robust industry / research partnership in evolving SDN 17 Software-defined Networking | May 2013 © 2013 IBM Corporation