Introduction to sql_02

Introduction to SQL_02
‫کننده‬ ‫تهیه‬:‫عادل‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫عصمت‬
‫با‬ ‫معرفی‬SQL

Topics:
• SQL SELECT TOP Clause
• SQL LIKE Operator
• SQL IN Operator
• SQL INSERT INTO Statement
• SQL UPDATE Statement
• SQL DELETE Statement
•‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬Select top،SQL
•‫عملیه‬like،SQL
•‫عملیه‬In،SQL
•‫دستور‬Insert into،SQL
•‫دستور‬update،SQL
•‫دستور‬delete،SQL
2:04 AM
Gharjistan University Computer Science
Faculty Farah Branch
2

SQL SELECT TOP Clause:
• The SELECT TOP clause is
used to specify the number
of records to return.
• The SELECT TOP clause can
be very useful on large
tables with thousands of
records. Returning a large
number of records can
impact on performance.
• Note: Not all database
systems support the SELECT
TOP clause.
•‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬select top‫برای‬
‫ریکاردهایکه‬ ‫تعداد‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫مشخص‬
‫میرود‬ ‫بکار‬ ‫میشود‬ ‫داده‬ ‫برگشت‬.
•‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬select top‫جدول‬ ‫در‬
‫هزاران‬ ‫تعداد‬ ‫به‬ ‫که‬ ‫بزرگ‬ ‫های‬
‫واقع‬ ‫مفید‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫داشته‬ ‫ریکارد‬‫شده‬
‫میتواند‬.‫ب‬ ‫ریکاردها‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫برگشت‬‫ه‬
‫اجراعات‬ ‫کیفیت‬ ‫روی‬ ‫زیاد‬ ‫تعداد‬
‫میتواند‬ ‫مانده‬ ‫تأثیر‬.
•‫یادداشت‬:‫دیتاب‬ ‫های‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫تمام‬‫یس‬
‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬select top‫پشتیبانی‬ ‫را‬
‫نمیکند‬.
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3

Continue…
• SQL Server / MS Access Syntax:
• SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s) FROM
table_name;
• MySQL Syntax:
• SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name LIMIT number;
• Examples:
1. SELECT TOP 2 * FROM Customers;
2. SELECT TOP 50 PERCENT * FROM Customers;
3. SELECT * FROM Persons LIMIT 5;
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4

SQL LIKE Operator:
• The LIKE operator is used in
a WHERE clause to search
for a specified pattern in a
column.
• Syntax:
• SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE
pattern;
•‫عملیه‬like‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬ ‫در‬where
‫در‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫شیوه‬ ‫یک‬ ‫دریافتن‬ ‫برای‬
‫میرود‬ ‫بکار‬ ‫ستون‬ ‫یک‬.
•‫ساختار‬:
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE
pattern;
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5

Continue…
• Examples:
• SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City LIKE 's%';
• SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City LIKE '%s';
• SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE Country LIKE '%land%';
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6

SQL IN Operator:
• The IN operator allows you
to specify multiple values in
a WHERE clause.
• Syntax:
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name IN
(value1,value2,...);
•‫عملیه‬IN‫کردن‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫بخاطر‬
‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬ ‫در‬ ‫قیمت‬ ‫چندین‬where
‫میرود‬ ‫بکار‬.
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name IN
(value1,value2,...);
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Continue…
• Example:
• SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City IN ('Paris','London');
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8

SQL INSERT INTO Statement:
• The INSERT INTO statement
is used to insert new
records in a table.
• Syntax:
• It is possible to write the
INSERT INTO statement in
two forms.
• The first form does not
specify the column names
where the data will be
inserted, only their values
as follow:
•‫دستور‬insert into‫درج‬ ‫برای‬
‫دیتابیس‬ ‫به‬ ‫جدید‬ ‫ریکارد‬ ‫کردن‬‫بکار‬
‫میرود‬.
•‫دستور‬insert into‫شکل‬ ‫بدو‬
‫شود‬ ‫نوشته‬ ‫ممکن‬.
•‫نمی‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ستون‬ ‫که‬ ‫اول‬ ‫روش‬
‫جدول‬ ‫یک‬ ‫درج‬ ‫ها‬ ‫قیمت‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫و‬ ‫شود‬
‫ذیل‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫میگردد‬:
Nangarhar University Database1 9

Continue…
• INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES
(value1,value2,value3,...);
• The second form specifies
both the column names and
the values to be inserted:
(column1,column2,column3,
...)
VALUES
VALUES
•‫هم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ستون‬ ‫هم‬ ‫دوم‬ ‫روش‬ ‫در‬
‫مشخص‬ ‫میگردد‬ ‫درج‬ ‫که‬ ‫های‬ ‫قیمت‬
‫ذیل‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫میشود‬:
(column1,column2,column3,
...)
VALUES

Continue…
• Examples:
1. INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName, City, Country)
VALUES ('Cardinal', 'Stavanger', 'Norway');
2. INSERT INTO Customers
VALUES ('Cardinal', 'Stavanger', 'Norway');
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SQL UPDATE Statement:
• The UPDATE statement is
used to update existing
records in a table.
• Syntax:
UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value1,
column2=value2,...
WHERE
some_column=some_value;
•‫دستور‬Update‫روز‬ ‫به‬ ‫برای‬
‫یک‬ ‫در‬ ‫موجود‬ ‫ریکاردهای‬ ‫کردن‬
‫میرود‬ ‫بکار‬ ‫جدول‬.
• UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value1,
column2=value2,...
WHERE
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12

Continue…
• Examples:
• UPDATE Customers SET ContactName='Alfred Schmidt',
City='Hamburg‘ WHERE CustomerName='Alfreds Futterkiste';
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13

Continue…
• Update Warning!
• Be careful when updating
records. If we had omitted
the WHERE clause, in the
example above, like this:
• UPDATE Customers
SET ContactName='Alfred
Schmidt', City='Hamburg';
• All the records in the
customer table will be
updated.
•‫درآوردن‬ ‫روز‬ ‫به‬ ‫هشدار‬:
•‫آوردن‬ ‫روز‬ ‫به‬ ‫در‬ ‫که‬ ‫باشید‬ ‫متوجه‬
‫واره‬ ‫جمله‬ ‫هرگاه‬ ‫ریکاردها‬where
‫رو‬ ‫به‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ریکارد‬ ‫تمام‬ ‫ننویسیم‬ ‫را‬‫ز‬
‫ذیل‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫شد‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫درآورده‬:
• UPDATE Customers
SET ContactName='Alfred
Schmidt', City='Hamburg';
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SQL DELETE Statement:
• The DELETE statement is
used to delete records in a
table.
• Syntax:
• DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE
•‫دستور‬delete‫کردن‬ ‫حذف‬ ‫برای‬
‫بکار‬ ‫جدول‬ ‫یک‬ ‫در‬ ‫ریکاردها‬
‫میرود‬.
• DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE
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15

Continue…
• Examples:
• DELETE FROM Customers WHERE CustomerName='Alfreds
Futterkiste' AND ContactName='Maria Anders';

Delete All Data:
• It is possible to delete all
rows in a table without
deleting the table. This
means that the table
structure, attributes, and
indexes will be intact:
• Syntax:
• DELETE FROM table_name;
or
DELETE * FROM
table_name;
•‫یک‬ ‫در‬ ‫سطرها‬ ‫تمام‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬
‫حذف‬ ‫جدول‬ ‫خود‬ ‫اینکه‬ ‫بدون‬ ‫جدول‬
‫کرد‬ ‫حذف‬ ‫شود‬.‫که‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫این‬ ‫به‬
‫و‬ ‫خاصه‬ ‫صفات‬ ،‫جدول‬ ‫ساختار‬
index‫باقی‬ ‫درست‬ ‫و‬ ‫ثابت‬ ‫آن‬ ‫های‬
‫ماند‬ ‫خواهد‬.
• DELETE FROM table_name;
or
DELETE * FROM
table_name;

Continue…
• Note: Be very careful when
deleting records. You
cannot undo this
statement!
•‫نوت‬:
•‫هاه‬ ‫ریکارد‬ ‫کردن‬ ‫حذف‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫در‬
‫دوبا‬ ‫چونکه‬ ‫باشید‬ ‫مواظب‬ ‫بسیار‬‫ره‬
‫را‬ ‫دستور‬ ‫این‬ ‫که‬ ‫نمیتوانید‬undo
‫کنید‬.

2:04 AM
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Introduction to sql_02

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Introduction to sql_02