INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF GLOBALIZATION: LESSON 1
- 1. THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD Presentation by: Jun Navarro Atiburcio, CHRA
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF GLOBALIZATION
- 3. WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY GLOBALIZATION? The study of globalization is very important and very relevant in this present day generation considering the dynamic and continuous evolving world. Globalization represents the process by which the geographical distance becomes a less important factor in the establishment and the development of transborder relations of economic, political and socio cultural origin.
- 4. The Contemporary world has to address international terrorism, transnational criminality, technological and ecological disasters, gender inequality, refugee settlement, poverty, hunger, child labor, intellectual property rights, and astronomical breakthroughs among others.
- 5. Globalization has two distinct phenomena: scope (or stretching) and intensify (or deepening) . It is a set of processes which embrace most of the globe or which operate world wide: the concept therefore has a spatial connotation.
- 6. What is GLOBALIZATION? GLOBALIZATION IS THE PROCESS OF WORLD SHRINKAGE BY: THOMAS LARSSON 01 GLOBALIZATION IS THE DEBATE , AND DEBATE IS GLOBALIZATION BY: CESARE POPPI 02 GLOBALIZATION IS AN INCREASED LEVEL OF INTERCONNECTEDN ESS AND INTERDEPENDENCE OF PEOPLE. BY: WHO 03
- 7. The origin of the word globalization is “global”. The word global may take different meanings in different languages. The most common meaning however is the 3D geometric figure. According to Meydan Larousse the term global means “undertaken entirely. This is the meaning attributed to the world global by western languages. Besides, the term means “homogeneity” in French. Hence the term means both “entirely” and “homogeneity”.
- 9. GLOBALIZATION vs INTERNATIONALIZATION Their definitions in some ways are related and to some extent overlapping, but their emphases are substantially different. Internationalization, in the sense, is described as cross-border relations between and among states. The Internationalization becomes a growth of international exchange and interdependence. This movement is found in enlarged movements among countries of people, money, investments, diseases, pollutants. Messages, ideas, curriculum, school credentials and many others.
- 12. GLOBALIZATION VERSUS UNIVERSALIZATION Globalization as universalization is viewed as standardization and homogenization with worldwide cultural, economic, legal, and political convergence.
- 13. GLOBALIZATION VERSUS WESTERNIZATION The social structures or modernity like capitalism, rationalism, industrialism, bureaucratism, individuals, and so on has spread all over the world, normally destroying earlier- existent cultures and local self- determination in the process. Globalization as relative term Westernization is sometimes described as imperialism of Mcdonalds, Hollywood and CNN. It is understood and interpreted as colonization, americanization and west toxication.
- 14. GLOBALIZATION VERSUS ASEAN INTEGRATION Globalization focuses on a worldwide scale phenomenon that increases the interaction between countries, facilitating human contacts, giving free way to the economic and financial expansion, to be an uncontrolled expansion of cultural models, may it be good or bad in any sense. ASEAN Integration, on the other hand, attempts to forge further economic integration among member countries. ASEAN embarked upon the ambitious project of creating an ASEAN Community. The ASEAN community would be based on three core pillars relating to issues of security, economics and culture and is important to strengthen further regional integration, amid global challenges and the imminent rise of China and India as a world economic powers.
- 15. MULTI FACES OF GLOBALIZATION FLOWS OF GOODS AND SERVICES 01 FLOWS OF LABOR/ PEOPLE 02 CAPITAL FLOWS 03 TECHNOLOGY FLOWS 04
- 16. Even the economic effects of globalization are extensive. The properties of the process in terms of economies are as follows: 1. Changing consumption habits and behaviors favoring the pace of consumption. 2. The changing scale from national to international in the production, distribution, consumption and marketing of resources. 3. Developments in information and communication technologies (ICT). 4. Utilizing the high technology in the production of goods and services. 5. The death of two bloc (socialism- liberalism) works after the collapse of the USSR
- 17. 6. Global changes. 7. The formation of elastic, dynamic, flexible and rapid environments and markets. 8. Rapid development in technology; digitalization of trade and economy, 9. Increased competition, 10. The increase in the unknown 11. Increased activities, innovation, economic dynamism, technological innovations, 12. Important changes in human resources and 13. Trade liberalization.
- 18. GLOBALIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE As the openness of economies increases, more people and firms take part in the process of un- marketed connection intensification that includes knowledge and integration of knowledge, culture, ideology and technology flows. The globalization of knowledge may differ according to economy and sectors. There are four layers in the globalization of knowledge. These are:
- 19. 1. Local industrial specialization serving the world and specific- skill based activities: This Tittle includes the most developed and location specific activities of developed economies. a. The winner gets all the goods and services. b. Export oriented specialized industrial cluster.
- 20. In anyways, both cases knowledge does not globalize. Knowledge is anchored where it is generated and its replication is impossible. Therefore, this kind of production results in specialization and trade.
- 21. 2. Globalization through displacement (Global product chains). It is the shift of non location dependent production to the low labor cost regions through FDI or licensing. In this case knowledge flow occurs from home country to the host country 3. Non- tradables or quasi- tradables serving locally. 4. Debatable markets in manufacturing and service sectors.
- 22. In all types of production, it is possible to talk about globalization. It is possible to talk about globalization even in the first layer that is the most closed one to the globalization of knowledge through spill-over effect and reverse- engineering. Development in the knowledge and communication techniques, the globalization of production and the intensification of competition trigger globalization of knowledge. The global knowledge in turn increases competition and therefore productivity.
- 23. GLOCALIZATION The term glocalization is produced with the combination of the terms global and local. The term means “ the creation of goods and services that are customized to supply global markets but consistent with local values.
- 24. KEY FEATURES OF GLOCALIZATION ARE AS FOLLOWS: VARIETY IS IN THE BASIS OF SOCIAL LIFE 01 GLOCALIZATIO N DOES NOT ELIMINATE ALL DIFFERENCES 02 HISTORY AND CULTURE CAUSES DIFFERENCE IN ALL GROUPS 03 CEASE THE FEAR GLOBALIZATION AND WIPE THE DIFFERENCES 04 MAKES MORE HISTORICAL VIEW OF THE COMPLEX STRUCTURE 05
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