Introduction to-hospital-design
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The document discusses the classification and elements of hospital design. It describes five ways hospitals can be classified: by level of care, size, medical specialists, ownership, and internal divisions. The main internal divisions are administration, outpatient care, diagnostic services, therapeutic services, and inpatient care. It provides details on the typical spaces, locations, and size guidelines for departments within these divisions such as emergency rooms, operating theaters, laboratories, and more.
Introduction to-hospital-design
- 2. 5 Classification of hospitals:- There are many methods of classification of the hospitals, such as; 1. According to the level of care: a. Secondary hospitals; District Hospital and some of Specific Hospitals. b. Tertiary hospitals; Central High Specialized Hospital, Educational Hospital and some of Specific Hospitals. 2. According to the size of the hospital: a. Mini size hospital; <50 bed. b. Mid-size hospital; 50-250 beds. c. Big hospital; 250-500 bed. d. Huge hospital; >500 bed. 3. According to the size of the medical specialists: a. Specialist hospital; pediatric hospital, eye hospital.. etc. b. General hospital; all medical specialists are provided. 4. According to the owners of the hospital: a. Private hospitals. b. Public hospitals; university hospitals, ete. 5. Internal medical treatment division includes; • Operation Theatres. • Intensive Care unit. • Maternity section. • Central Sterilization Department. 6. Inpatient division, includes; • Patient wards. • Nurses wards. • Inpatient services. 7. General service division, includes; • Kitchen. • Laundry. • Storages. • Workshops. • Mechanical services.
- 3. 6 • Mortuary. • Security. • Parking. • Landscaping. Elements and divisions of the hospital The main division of the hospitals is: 1. Administration division. 2. Outpatients’ division includes; • Outpatient clinics. • Pharmacy. • Emergency reception. 3. Diagnostic services division includes; • Laboratories. • Radiology (diagnostic). 4. Therapeutic services division includes; • Physical Therapy. • Radiology (therapeutic). 1- Administration division Parts and components of the division: • Reception hall. • Waiting area. • Registration. • Treasury and Accounts. • Staff offices. • General manager office. • Staff lounge. • Nursing head office. • WCs. 2. Outpatients 'division External Outpatient Clinics: Parts and components of the division: • Consultation room. • Examination room. • Treatment room. • Waiting area. • Staff room. • WCs.
- 4. 7 Location: • Very close to the main entrance of the hospital • Close to the diagnostic services (labs and x-ray). • Close the pharmacy. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 50 bed hospital area = 215 m2 • 100 bed hospital area = 350 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 540 m2 2. World bank estimations (Hopkinson & Kostermans): • 100 bed hospital area = 345 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 505 m2 Emergency reception: Parts and components of the division: • Entrance + waiting area. • Registration. • Staff room. • Mini-surgery. • Test room. • Medical utilities. • Mini sterilization room. 3. Diagnostic services division Laboratories: Parts and components of the division: • Work area. • Waiting area. • Sample room. • Cleaning room. • Staff offices. The most important labs in the hospital are: • Chemical lab. • Bacteriology lab. • Histology lab. • Pathology lab.
- 5. 8 • Serology lab. • Hematology lab • Microbiology lab. 4. Therapeutic services division Physical therapy division: Parts and components of the division: • Waiting area. • Office. • Hydrotherapy. • Exercise room. • WCs. Location: • Close to the main entrance of the hospital. • Easy accessible from external clinics. • Easy accessible from internal division. • Must be in the ground floor. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 50-100 bed hospital area = 65-104 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 155-225 m2 5. Internal medical treatment division Operation theatre: Parts and components of the division: • Entrance. • Storage. • Preparation room. • Access area. • Staff clothes room + WCs. • Operation theatre. • Cleanup room. • Sub sterilizing room. • Supervision room. • Staff lockers.
- 6. 9 Location: • Very close to the intensive care division and should be touchable both of them. • Very close to the central sterilization division of the hospital. • Close to the inpatient wards. • Can be easily accessible from the emergency division. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 50 bed hospital area = 185 m2 • 100 bed hospital area = 360 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 550 m2 Intensive care unit: Parts and components of the division: • I.C.U space. Location: • Very close to the recovery room in the operation theatre. • Can be easily accessible from the emergency division by elevator. Area of the department: Must be designed 1-2 % of hospital beds. Maternity division: Parts and components of the division: • Open room. 20-40 m2 • Operation. 26 m2 • WCs. • Utilities. 8 m2 • Office. 15 m2 • Unclean room. 8 m2 • Cleanup room. 5 m2 • Storage. 10 m2 • Waiting area. 10 m2 • Corridors w = 2.2 m Central sterilization division: Parts and components of the division: • Work space. • Receiving area.
- 7. 10 • Washing area. • Supplies storage. Location: • Very close to the operation theatre and maternity division. • Can be easily accessible from the emergency division, laundry and central storages. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 100 bed hospital area = 65 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 110 m2 Or 0.6-0.9 m2/bed, 0.6 m2 for large hospitals and 0.9 m2 for small hospitals. A Nightingale ward :is a type of hospital ward, which contains one large room without subdivisions for patient occupancy. Nightingale wards contain about 24 to 34 beds usually arranged along the sides of the ward. 7. General service division Dietary division: -Spaces of the division: • Storage room. • Kitchen. • Preparing and supply area. • Cleaning. Location: • In the ground floor. • Direct opening to the service entrance. Area of the department: 1. Rosenfield • 100 bed hospital area = 195 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 355 m2 Housekeeping division: Spaces of the division: • Office. • Dirty linen. • Clean linen. • Storage . • Laundry.
- 8. 11 • Mechanical room. Location: • In the ground floor. • Close to central storages. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): 50 bed hospital area = 150 m2 100 bed hospital area = 180 m2 200 bed hospital area = 270 m2 General Storages: Spaces of the division: • Medicine storage. • Furniture storage. • Food storage. • Utilities storage . • Achieve. • General storages. Location: • In the ground floor. • Close to housekeeping and dietary division. • Direct access to the service entrance. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 100 bed hospital area = 260 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 520 m2 Generally the area of the storages is 2-2.6m2 /bed. Mortuary division: Location: • In the ground floor or basement floor. • Exit from emergency entrance or service entrance. Area of the department: 1. U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS): • 50 bed hospital area = 25 m2 • 100 bed hospital area = 45 m2 • 200 bed hospital area = 70 m2
- 9. 12 Maintenance workshops: Location: • In the ground floor or basement floor. • Direct relation with service entrance. Area of the department: 1- WHO experts: • 50 bed hospital area = 65 m2 • 100 bed hospital area = 90 m2 Entrances and circulation Entrances: • Patient visitors entrance. • External clinics entrance. • Emergency entrance. • Service entrance. • Mortuary entrance.