IonicFormulas.ppsx
- 2. Ions Cation: A positive ion Mg2+, NH4 + Anion: A negative ion Cl-, SO4 2-
- 3. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 1: Lose 1 electron to form 1+ ions H+ Li+ Na+ K+
- 4. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 2: Loses 2 electrons to form 2+ ions Be2+ Mg2+ Ca2+ Sr2+ Ba2+
- 5. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 13: Loses 3 electrons to form 3+ ions B3+ Al3+ Ga3+
- 6. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 14: Lose 4 electrons or gain 4 electrons? Neither! Group 13 elements rarely form ions.
- 7. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 15: Gains 3 electrons to form 3- ions N3- P3- As3- Nitride Phosphide Arsenide
- 8. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 16: Gains 2 electrons to form 2- ions O2- S2- Se2- Oxide Sulfide Selenide
- 9. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 17: Gains 1 electron to form 1- ions F1- Cl1- Br1- Fluoride Chloride Bromide I1- Iodide
- 10. Predicting Ionic Charges Group 18: Stable Noble gases do not form ions!
- 11. Predicting Ionic Charges Groups 3 - 12: Many transition elements have more than one possible oxidation state. Iron(II) = Fe2+ Iron(III) = Fe3+
- 12. Predicting Ionic Charges Groups 3 - 12: Some transition elements have only one possible oxidation state. Zinc = Zn2+ Silver = Ag+
- 13. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Barium nitrate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Ba2+ NO3 - 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) 2
- 14. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Ammonium sulfate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! NH4 + SO4 2- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) 2
- 15. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Iron(III) chloride 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Fe3+ Cl- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! 3
- 16. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Aluminum sulfide 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Al3+ S2- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! 2 3
- 17. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Magnesium carbonate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Mg2+ CO3 2- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. They are balanced!
- 18. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Zinc hydroxide 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Zn2+ OH- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) 2
- 19. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Aluminum phosphate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Al3+ PO4 3- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. They ARE balanced!
- 20. Naming Ionic Compounds Cation first, then anion Monatomic cation = name of the element Ca2+ = calcium ion Monatomic anion = root + -ide Cl- = chloride CaCl2 = calcium chloride
- 21. Naming Ionic Compounds (continued) some metal forms more than one cation use Roman numeral in name PbCl2 Pb2+ is cation PbCl2 = lead(II) chloride Metals with multiple oxidation states