Isometric projection
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The document provides information about isometric projections and how to draw isometric views of objects. It includes: 1) An introduction to isometric projections, which show all three dimensions of an object in the same view, unlike orthographic projections which only show two dimensions. 2) Details on isometric axes, lines, and planes which are used to construct isometric views. 3) Examples of how to draw isometric views of simple objects like blocks and planes given their orthographic projections, including setting up the isometric axes and scale. 4) Steps for constructing isometric views of more complex objects by splitting them into pieces.
Isometric projection
- 1. Isometric ProjectionsIsometric Projections Developed By: Prajapati Yash AHMEDABAD INSTITUTE OF TCHNOLOGY Guided By: Prof.
- 2. Introduction Orthographic view shows only two dimensions in any particular view. This makes it difficult to interpret them and only technically trained person can interpret the meaning of these orthographic views. A non-technical person Can not imagine the shape of the object from orthographic projections. Whereas, pictorial projections can be easily understood even by persons Without any technical training because such views show all the three Dimensions Of an object in the same view.
- 3. But pictorial view does not show the true shape and size of any principal surface of An object and it does not show the hidden portions. Pictorial projections are easy to imagine so these are used in sales literature.
- 4. When a cube is kept in particular position then it gives isometric axes, isometric lines and isometric planes. Particular position : When cube is resting on H.P. on corner G and diagonal EC is Perpendicular to V.P. A C D G H 30o30o Base LineM N B F E
- 5. Isometric Axes : The three lines CB,CD and CG meeting at the point C and making angle of 120 degree with each other are called isometric axes. Isometric lines: The lines parallel to isometric axes are called isometric lines. Isometric planes: The planes represented by faces of cube are called isometric planes. Similarly any planes parallel to these planes are also called isometric planes.
- 6. Isometric drawing or isometric view: The pictorial view drawn with true scale is called Isometric drawing or isometric view. Isometric projection: The pictorial view drawn with the use of isometric scale is called Isometric projection.
- 8. Aim:- Figure-1, shows the F.V. & T.V. of a simple vertical rectangular plane of size LH. Draw its isometric view, for (a) R.H.S.V. & (b) L.H.S.V. c’ b’a’ d’ L H F.V. a T.V. Figure-1 b cd
- 9. A B C D Figure-1(a) X P Q R M N L H MN, is the base line for isometric axes. PQ, is the isometric axis (vertical) for Fig.1(a) PR, is the isometric axis ( horizontal),for R.H.S.V. for Fig.1(a) at 30º with base line MN. Note:-Note:- The diagonal lineThe diagonal line a’c’ in ortho. Viewa’c’ in ortho. View increases in its iso. Viewincreases in its iso. View (Fig.1-a), as AC (known(Fig.1-a), as AC (known as, non isometric line)as, non isometric line)
- 10. MN, is the base line for isometric axes. PQ, is the isometric axis (vertical) for Fig.1(b) P Q M N D A B C Figure-1(b) X S LH PS, is the isometric axis ( horizontal),for L.H.S.V. for Fig.1(b) at 30º with base line MN. Note:-Note:- The diagonal lineThe diagonal line a’c’ in ortho. Viewa’c’ in ortho. View decreases in its iso. Viewdecreases in its iso. View (Fig. 1-b), as AC (known(Fig. 1-b), as AC (known as, non isometric line)as, non isometric line)
- 11. d c ba Figure shows the Top View of a rectangular plane of 100 x 70. Draw its isometric view i) for R.H.S.V & ii) for L.H.S.V. 100 70 T.V.
- 12. A D B CX 10070 ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR PLANE (100 X 70) for its R.H.S.V. 30° 30°
- 13. B C D A ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR PLANE (100 X 70) for its L.H.S.V. X 100 70 30°30°
- 14. Aim:-Figure shows the T.V. of a cut geometric plane. Draw its Isometric, (i)For R.H.S.V. & (ii) For L.H.S.V. ? hkL1 a b c e d f g ij L D L2 45° 45° D1 T.V. 30° R
- 15. ED=EF=RED=EF=RBC=bc= ?BC=bc= ? AK=ak=L1 GH=gh=L2 Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 ) Note :- (1) MJ=KM=D1, as angle jka=45 (2) Angle JKA & Angle IHG are not 45 in isometric. hkL1 a b c ed f g ij L D L2 45° 45° D1 T.V. 30° ? R 30° (i) L 2 H A L 1 D 1 45° D ? L 45° 30° R B C D E F G I J K M N X
- 16. hkL1 a b c ed f g ij L D L2 45° 45° D1 T.V. 30° ? R Note :- (1) MJ=KM=D1, as angle jka=45 (2) Angle JKA & Angle IHG are not 45 in isometric. BC=bc= ?BC=bc= ? AK=ak=L1 Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 ) D D1 H J (ii)30° 45° 45° L1 ? L2 30° R XA B C D E F GI K N M L
- 17. aa bb cc dd ee gg a’a’ e’e’ b’b’ d’d’ c’c’ ss rr qqpp PP SS QQ RR DD EE AA BB CC XX 4040 GG 90°90° 2 D2 D 3 D3 D Draw the Iso.View of a regular Pentagonal plane of 40mm sides, with one side normal to V.P. & the plane is in H.P. 4040 X Y
- 18. aa bb cc dd ee OO O’O’ a’a’ e’e’ b’b’ d’d’ c’c’ SS QQ RR DD EE AA BB CC OO XX 6060 6060 4040 4040 Draw the Iso.View of a Pentagonal Pyramid, having base sides 40mm, axis 60mm long, when its base is in H.P.with a side of it normal to V.P. 2 D2 D 3 D X Y gg GG g’g’
- 19. Aim:-Aim:- Figure shows the orthographicFigure shows the orthographic projections of a cut simple block. Draw itsprojections of a cut simple block. Draw its appropriate Pictorial ( Isometric ) view,appropriate Pictorial ( Isometric ) view, giving the dimensions.giving the dimensions. NOTE:NOTE: The appropriate Isometric will be, considering its R.H.S.V. ( which is not given & is to be added as a missed view).
- 20. 15 20 15 30 55 T.V.T.V. 11 22 33 FigureFigure 1520 60 55 F.V.F.V. bb cc dd aa AA BB R.H.S.V.R.H.S.V. 55 Normally, dotted lines are not drawn in Iso. View, unless specifically required to reveal the object perfectly.
- 21. 15 15 15 20 30 35 bb 30 5540 11 22 33 aa dd XX cc AA BB 20 ISOMETRIC VIEW NOTE:- IN R.H.S.MISSED VIEW, THE AREAS, A & B ARE SEEN AND IS DRAWN IN ITS CORROSPONDING SPACE 15 20 15 30 55 T.V.T.V. 11 22 33 1520 60 55 F.V.F.V. bb cc dd aa
- 22. Figure shows Front View and Top View of a machine parts. Sketch its isometric view & dimension it.
- 23. 7070 2020 1010 101020202020 T.V.T.V. F.V.F.V. AA BB DD aa bb11 bb22 cc CC SQ.HOLE OF 20SQ.HOLE OF 20 2020 7070 20203030 3030°° R25R25
- 24. 2525 DD 2020 CC 2020 2020 aa bb11 bb22 cc AA BB 9595 115 115 5050 2525 3030 2020 SQ.HOLE OF 20SQ.HOLE OF 20 1010 3030°° XX ISOMETRIC VIEWISOMETRIC VIEW
- 25. Aim:- SketchSketch shows the Orthographic views of a machine component. Draw its appropriate Isometric view, using “splitting the object into pieces” techniques. Give the dimensions on the ISOMETRIC VIEW drawn.
- 26. SketchSketch 30 10 20 80 F.V.F.V. T.V.T.V. 20 R40 2040 20 30 50 90 φ40 R.H.S.V. (missed view) may be added here in height & depth range
- 27. 40 25 30 25 20 20 R40 20 AA CC BB DD Ø30 50 70 90 80 20 50 R15 25 20 10 20 30 Dimensions must be given on the Isometric view, which are not shown here. 80x80 square
- 28. NOTE:- The front view areas are AA & BB, while the side view areas are a, b & c. 1515 2525 6060 6060 120120 1515 L.H.S.V.L.H.S.V. aa bb cc AA BB FIGUREFIGURE 8080 Ø30Ø30 R30R30 35352020 4040 1010 4040 FRONT VIEWFRONT VIEW
- 30. F.V. L.H.S.V.
- 31. c1’
- 33. L= 60 mm H= 25 mm D= 34 mm X 34 60 25