The document discusses different types of variables in research: 1. Independent variables are factors that are manipulated by researchers to determine their effect on dependent variables. 2. Dependent variables are factors that are observed and measured to determine the effect of independent variables. 3. Moderating variables modify the relationship between independent and dependent variables. 4. Control variables are controlled by researchers to neutralize their potential effects on the relationship between independent and dependent variables. 5. Intervening variables theoretically affect phenomena but cannot be directly observed or manipulated. It also discusses different types of data (qualitative, quantitative), measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode), and measures of variability (