L3 global hubs
- 1. Global Hubs & Switched off Places Know what a Global Hub is Understand why some places become Global Hubs
- 2. Global Hubs • Global hubs are switched-on places possessing qualities that make other places want to connect with them. • Mostly created by either natural resources (e.g. on the coastline) or human resources (e.g. labour force) • In some cases, these are the obvious world cities, e.g. London and Tokyo. • In other cases, they may possess a particular attribute that others wish to connect with, rather than displaying a full range of connections, e.g. Bangalore and call centres. • Many of the global hubs host the major TNCs. • They tend to be places of increasingly diverse culture as flows of people, finance, trade and ideas converge on them. • Global hubs are the ‘winners’ who benefit most from globalisation.
- 3. What makes a Global Hub develop? • Factors that create a global hub, combination of both Natural and Human resources. • Multiplier effect • Stick your sheet in!
- 4. Cumulative Causation / Positive multiplier effect • Arrange the cards into a logical sequence of events
- 5. Global hubs in Recently Industrialised Countries (RICs)- disparities have increased, why? Sao Paulo, Brazil Johannesburg, South Africa Problem that the wealthy jump on the TNC band wagon whilst the poor remain in poverty and fail to improve their living conditions. Lack of trickle down effect.
- 7. Switched off nations? • These low income countries (Sudan, Chad) have a very shallow level of integration with the rest of the world. • TNC’s unlikely to return to sell their products, so not completing the circuit. • Integration may exist in; – Food aid given to subsistence farmers – Farmers who grow agricultural produce for TNC’s – e.g. Kenya's flower growers. Video (from 1.20)
- 8. Why do some places remain ‘switched off’? • Combination of physical and human resource mismanagement
- 9. Nature of poverty in switched off places 1. Growing gap between rich and poor as even in NIC’s, the rich are pulling further ahead of the field. 2. Oxfam claim that the 85 richest people are as wealthy as poorest half of the world here
- 10. Homework • Make two fact sheets; 1. ‘Winners - Switched on’ China’s Pearl River Delta (p3-4 Geofile) 2. ‘Losers - Switched off’ The Gambia (handout Watch ‘Toughest place to be a fisherman’ • Watch ‘toughest place to be a fisherman’. How switched off is this place?