Latest Advances in GPS Technology
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GPS uses a constellation of satellites to provide location and time information to GPS receivers. It functions using triangulation based on distance measurements from multiple satellites. New applications and technologies continue to improve GPS precision and integration with other systems. Future advancements may include smaller and more portable receivers as well as integration with additional satellite systems.
Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 1. LATEST ADVANCES IN GPS TECHNOLOGY Presented by: M. Gautam Raj B.Tech, ECE.
- 2. Contents Short review of GPS Segments of GPS Functioning of GPS Applications Current Technology Future Technology Glimpse of Future Conclusion Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 3. Global Positioning System GPS is satellite based Navigational system developed and operated by US department of Defense. Constellation of 24+ satellites in Earth orbit Global coverage, 24 hours a day, all weather conditions Two classes of signals – Civilian (free of direct user fees) – Military (encrypted for US/allies) Signal frequencies – L1 - 1575.42 MHz (C/A and P-codes) – L2 - 1227.60 MHz (P-code only) Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 4. Segments of GPS • Space segment • Control segment • User segment Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 5. Space Segment • 24 GPS space vehicles (SVs) placed in 6 orbits. • 6 orbital planes inclined at 55 degrees with the equator. • Satellites orbit the earth in 12 hrs. • This constellation provides 5 to 8 SVs from any point on the earth. Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 6. Control Segment • The control segment comprises of 5 ground stations located on equator.(4- monitor and 1-master control station) • Monitor stations measure the distances of the overhead satellites every 1.5 seconds and sends the data to Master control. • In Master control the satellite orbit, precise time and health of the satellite are determined and determines whether repositioning is required. • This information is sent back to the satellites using ground antennas. Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 7. User Segment • It consists of receivers that decodes the signal from the satellites. • The receiver performs following tasks: • Selecting 3 or more satellites • Acquiring GPS signals • Measuring and tracking • Acquiring navigation data Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 8. How does the GPS work? Latest Advances in GPS Technology Satellites broadcast • Precise time • Orbit data • Satellite health Receiver measures time delay from satellites, and by triangulation calculates • Location • Elevation • Velocity
- 9. How does the GPS work? • The GPS uses technique of "triangulation" to find location. • To "triangulate“, a GPS receiver measures distance from the satellite using the travel time of radio signals. • To measure travel time, GPS needs very accurate timing, which is provided by atomic clocks used in the satellites. • Atomic clocks are the most accurate timekeepers in the world. • Along with distance, we need to know exactly where the satellites are in space. • Finally we must correct for any delays Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 10. Triangulation Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 11. Triangulation Latest Advances in GPS Technology The receiver is somewhere on this sphere. Signal From One Satellite Signals From Two Satellites Three Satellites (2D Positioning) Three Dimensional (3D) Positioning
- 12. Differential GPS • To obtain more accurate measurements than a single GPS unit, DGPS systems are used. • The GPS unit in the field receives data from the GPS satellites and the other GPS receiver on the ground through a radio signal. • The GPS error from the known position is compared to that of the GPS receiver in the unknown location. Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 13. Applications • Recreation • Navigation (Airways ,Waterways & Roadways) • Construction • Boundary Mapping • Surveying • Search and Rescue • Precision Agriculture/Forestry Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 14. Current Technology Machine Guidance and Automation Latest Advances in GPS Technology Guidance Systems Unique opportunities - ability to work accurately at night
- 15. Current Technology Machine Guidance and Automation Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 16. Current Technology Location of Soldier in War Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 17. Current Technology Latest Advances in GPS Technology Wireless and Touch Screens
- 18. Future Technology Dust and Motes Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 19. Future Technology Latest Advances in GPS Technology GPS wrist Bands Portable GPS with Music Player
- 20. Future Technology Latest Advances in GPS Technology Positioning Head Gear Autonomous Tractors
- 21. Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System • Indian version of US GPS -Under ISRO satellite Centre -It would consist of a constellation of seven satellites and a support ground segment -Hoping to have all satellites in Orbit by March 2015 • Applications -Missile Guidance -Navigation -Precision Weather Forecast -Military Applications Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 22. Glimpse of the future … • GNSS (global navigation satellite system) = Galileo + GPS + GLONASS • SV constellation – More than doubled when entire Galileo network is in place – Improves precision and reliability of the constellation Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 23. Summary • GPS performance is better than ever and will continue to improve • Enhanced GPS usage • Integration of wireless technology • New and cheaper technology Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 24. Latest Advances in GPS Technology
- 25. Latest Advances in GPS Technology T + 3 Then distance between satellite and receiver = “3 times the speed of light” T Radio waves travel at the speed of light. If GPS signal leaves satellite at time “T”… …and is picked up by the receiver at time “T + 3.” Click here to return to previous slide