Learn english from scratch
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The document provides an overview of basic English grammar concepts including personal pronouns, verb tenses, conditional sentences, and more. It covers 12 topics: 1) personal pronouns, 2) verb "to be", 3) present simple tense, 4) present progressive, 5) past simple, 6) past continuous, 7) future simple, 8) future with "going to", 9) present perfect, 10) past perfect, 11) future perfect, and 12) conditional sentences. For each topic, it provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures.
Learn english from scratch
- 1. Learn English from scratch 1) Personal Pronouns (I, you, she, he, they, we and it) subject pronouns. Singular person (eg: I) or plural (eg: we) Example: -I wish have a phone -We are young 1st person (eg: I), 2nd person (eg: you), 3rd person (eg: he) Example: - I have a door -You’re amazing -He’s boring Gender: Male (eg: he), female (eg: she) or neuter (eg: it) Example: -He’s bored -She’s small -It’s off Number Person Gender personal pronouns subject object Singular 1st male/ female I me 2nd male/ female you you 3rd Male he him
- 2. Number Person Gender personal pronouns subject object Female she her Neuter it it Plural 1st male/ female we us 2nd male/ female you you 3rd male/ female/ neuter they them Examples: I’m small / Jose touched me You’re watching movie/ Sandra touches you He’s play a video game/ the video game is being played by him She’s running on the sidewalk/the backpack is being used by her They’re eating / the food is being eaten by them It’s pretty/ she have it We’re cool/ the fan is begin used by us
- 3. Personal pronouns, object pronoun (Me, you, him, her, it, us and them). 1st (Me and us). The food was cooked by me. The house is being cleaned by us. 2nd (you). I said you. 3rd (Him, her, it and them). I search her. I found it. He was in the park because, I said her. The house was built by them. Possessive pronouns and possessive adjectives. 1st (Mine and ours), adjectives (My and our) That is my schoolbag. That schoolbag is mine. We use “my” before the word and “mine” after the word. That is ours car. 2nd (yours) adjectives (your) These are your parents. 3rd (Hers, his and theirs) adjectives (Her, his and their) It’s hers. His parents are amazing. I like their hats. 2) Verb to Be (Am, is, are) The verb “to be” in Spanish use for describe the verb “ser o estar”. For example: I am (I’m) in Ecuador. You are (you’re) a teacher. He is (He’s) jump in the park.
- 4. Singular person (is and am) (I, she, he and it) Plural person (are) (You, they and we) 3) Present simple our present tense. If use 3rd person in the verb we add the letter “s” when is affirmative for example: I sleep in the bed. ----------- I don’t sleep in the bed. She sleeps in the bed. ------- She doesn’t in the bed. Don’t add in verbs that are auxiliary verbs. Positive sentences. We have food. Negative sentences. (In negative sentences we don’t add “s” in the verb because in the verb to be is add) He doesn’t eat with his parents. We don’t have food. Questions Do you eat food? Don’t you jump in the park? Yes, I do Yes, I don’t Not, I don’t Not, I do Does it a schoolbag? Doesn’t he a teacher? Yes, it does yes, he doesn’t Not, it doesn’t not, he does 4) Present progressive Positive sentences: Subject / to be / verb + ing/ complement We’re playing “no man’s sky” in the Daisy’s house. Negative sentences: Subject/ be not /verb + ing/ complement We aren’t playing “no man’s sky” in the Daisy’s house. Questions: Be/ subject/ verb + ing/ complement? Are we playing “no man’s sky” in the Daisy’s house? Yes, you are Not, you aren’t
- 5. 5) Past Simple Yes, but there are some spelling rules.Ifa verb ends in -e, you add -d. agree → agreed like → liked escape → escaped If a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant,the consonantis usuallydoubled before -ed. stop → stopped plan → planned If a verb ends in consonant and -y, you take off the y and add -ied. try → tried carry → carried But if the word ends in a vowel and -y, you add -ed. play → played enjoy → enjoyed Positive sentences: Subject/ past verb/complement. I jumped in the part yesterday. Negative sentences: Subject/ didn’t/ infinite verb/ complement. I didn’t jump in the part yesterday. Questions: Did/ subject/ infinite verb / complement? Did I jump in the part yesterday? Yes, you did. Not you didn’t. Asking with WH in simple past Wh/ did / subject / infinite verb / complement? What did you do yesterday? Who did you go with to have dinner? Where did you go last night? What did they do? Where did we go? 6) Past continuous Positive sentences: subject/ be past/ verb + ing / complement I was playing with him. You were reading in the library.
- 6. Negative sentences: subject/ to be with not / verb + ing / complement He wasn’t talking with you. You weren’t jumping in the house. Questions: to be/ subject / verb / verb + ing / complement? Was I talking in the high school yesterday? Yes, you were. Not, you weren’t. 7) Future simple Positive sentences: subject / will / infinity verb/complement. I will eat with you next week. My sister will go to the movies. Negative sentences: subject/ won’t/infinity verb/complement. I won’t walk in the space. You won’t jump in the party hard. Questions: will / subject / infinity verb / complement? Will you save me in the future? Yes, I will. Not, I won’t. 8) Future with (going to) Affirmative sentences: subject/ to be/going to/infinitive verb/ complement. We are going to jump with my friend. Negative sentences: subject / am, aren’t and isn’t/going to/ infin. Verb/ complement. They aren’t going to drive well. Questions: Are, is and am/ subject / going to / infinite verb / complement? Are you going to eat in the school? Yes, I am No, I’m not
- 7. 9) Present perfect Positive sentence: Subject/ have and has/ Verb progressive past / complement. I’ve made new video. She has jumped today. Negative sentence: Subject/ haven’t and hasn’t/ verb progressive past/ complement. I haven’t made a new video. She hasn’t jumped today. Questions: Have and has/ subject/ verb progressive past/ complement? Have I made a new video? Yes, you have / No, you haven’t Has she jumped today? Yes, she has / No, she hasn’t 10) Past perfect It use for describe something before of the past tense. For example: I was playing in the house, but before that I had been with my girlfriend at her house. Structure: Subject/ had/ V.P.P/complement. I had been with my girlfriend. 11) Future perfect Refer to an action that will happen before another action in the future. Structure: Subject/ will have/ verb participle/ complement. I will’ve played smite if he didn’t had a computer. I will’ve finished my homework. 12) Conditional Zero conditional. If / clause / main clause If+ present tense / present tense. If I study English, I learn it. If you jump, you tire. If it rain, grass grows up.
- 8. First conditional If clause / main clause. If + present tense/ subject + (will, can, must, may) If it burns, it may explode. If I do the homework today, I can go to play tomorrow Second conditional If clause / main clause. If + simple / subject + (would/ could/ might) + verb + complement. I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world. If my teacher had more time, he could help me with homework.