LECTURE 1.pptx
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This document discusses communication skills and the communication process. It defines communication as transmitting ideas from one person to another and explains its key components: a sender, receiver, message, medium, feedback, and potential noise. It also outlines barriers to communication like physical, psychological, perceptual and language differences. The document recommends ways to overcome barriers such as simplifying language and improving organization. It emphasizes that the goal of communication is understanding.
LECTURE 1.pptx
- 1. COMMUNICATION SKILLS CODE: WTU07105 CREDIT: 06 VANI TOSHA/SHABANI MFANGA ASSISTSTANT LECTURER THE COLLEGE OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
- 3. MEANING o The word “communication” is descended from latin word communicare, which means ‘to make common’ or ‘to share’. o Communication is an art of transmitting ideas, thoughts, information and attitudes from person to another. o It is a meaningful interaction among human beings. o Communication skills is the ability to convey information and ideas effectively. o The nature of communication is about sharing the information with another who has something in common with you. It is a process by which two systems or people exchange information because they have enough things in common for this exchange to be relevant and possible for them to happen. o The goal of any communication is understanding.
- 6. BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION Physical barrier This happens due to the nature of the environment where the communication is taking place. Example; Mountains, lakes, forestd are among the obstacles that can hinder communication process. Psychological barrier This involves people’s state of mind. When we are happy, we tend to be more receptive to information but if someone has a personal problem like worries about his/her health or marriage then it’ll affect concentration in communication process. Differences in perception Based on how one views the world, the mind absorbs experiences in a unique and personal way. Because your perceptions are unique, the ideas you want to express differ from other people. even when two people have experienced the same event, their mental images may not be identical.
- 7. BARRIERS CONT.. Language barrier The language that we use to describe what we want to say in our terms may be a barrier to others who are not familiar with it. Communicating in such a language is a way of excluding others. Gender barrier There are distinct differences between the speech patterns in men and women. Women tend to use more words than men. Amongst children, girls speak earlier than boys; at the age of three, girls have a vocabulary twice that of boys.
- 8. CONSEQUENCES OF POOR COMMUNICATION o Time may be lost, as instructions may be misunderstood and jobs may have to be repeated. o Frustration may develop, as people are not sure of what to do a task. o Product may be wasted if not handled correctly. o People may feel left out if communication is not handled correctly. o Messages may be misinterpreted or misunderstood causing bad feelings. o People’s safety may be at risk.
- 9. WAYS OF OVERCOMING COMMUNICATION BARRIER o Make communication simple, clear and direct. o Choose the media carefully. o Use simplified language o Improve human relations so as to reduce psychological barriers and encourage cooperation. o Carefully regulate the flow of information to eliminate unnecessary communication. o Plan and organise information well in advance of the interaction.
- 10. COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION o Sender/initiator- refers to the person sending the message. The sender is sometimes known as encoder of the message. For example, a teacher teaching in a class during a lesson is the sender of the information received by the learners. -Encoding is the process of packing ideas or expressing of what sender wants to say in a language. o Receiver/recipient This refers to the person receiving the message sent by the speaker. The receiver is sometimes known as the decoder of the message. For example, a learner listening to a teacher in class during a lesson is the receiver of the information sent by the teacher. - Decoding is the process whereby a receiver is interpreting or understanding the meaning of a word in a language. o Medium/channel This refers to the path which the communicators use to pass or convey their messages. This may be through radio, books, television, telephone, internet, etc.
- 11. COMPONENTS CONT..... The media is concerned with things that are used to encode the message (written, oral, audio visual) while channel is concerned with a set of system used information from one point to another. The types of message will help the sender to determine the channel that he/she should use. o Message/goal The message is a piece of information that is transferred from the sender to the receiver. The message begins as a mental idea within the sender and it can be either positive or negative in nature. o Feedback/action Feedback/effect/action is a comment or act that follows the receipt of the message sent by the sender. Apart from offering a chance to adjust communication process for the future, it can also be either good/bad/positive/negative.
- 12. COMPONENTS CONT.... o Noise Noise is anything that can interfere with the communication process at any stage. Noise results from both internal and external factors. It refers to all kinds of physical interference like poor handwriting, poor telephone connection, poor television reception, electronic blasting, dirty photocopies e.t.c
- 14. REFERENCES 1. MICHAEL, K (2005). Communication skills theory and practise. Afroplus industries, Dar es salaam Tanzania. 2. Mahundu M.C (1999). A manual on communication skills towards improving communication skills in english language. Ndanda mission press, Tanzania. 3. Macharia, M.J (2014). Improve your communication skills. Serengeti educational publishers, Tanzania. 4. Khan W.S, Communication Skills, https://www.slideshare.net/ShafqatKhan15/english- communication-effective-skills-ppt