Lecture 2 A Continent On The Move
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The document covers the historical context from 1400 to 1725, highlighting the perception of European civilizations versus the advanced societies in Africa and the Americas. It details the significant African empires, such as Ghana and Mali, and their contributions to trade and education. Additionally, it discusses the early efforts of Spanish and English explorers in the Americas and the religious conflicts that influenced European expansion.
Lecture 2 A Continent On The Move
- 1. A CONTINENT ON THE MOVE 1400-1725 Mrs. Dani Vaughn-Tucker History 103: American History to 1865 Spring 2009 Term A
- 2. New Worlds in Africa and America Europeans viewed themselves as “civilized” and called the peoples they encountered “barbarians,” “savages” and “heathens” Most of the American, American and Asian continents were actually very civilized: Legal codes Political structures Religious organizations Monetary systems
- 3. Africa
- 4. African Empire: Ghana Covered territory between the Sahara and the Gulf of Guinea and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Niger River Large towns Skillfully designed buildings Elaborate artwork Had a thriving caravan trade Large army that was eventually destroyed by North African Muslims
- 5. African Empire: Mali Islamic kingdom Controlled the gold trade Timbuktu became an important center of education Other kingdoms: Kongo Songhay Benin
- 6. Life in Africa Family was the central unit Society was matrilineal Worship Polytheistic Ancestors were revered Columbian Exchange Slavery Loss of national history
- 7. The Rise of Europe Spain and the Coast Juan Ponce de Leon Lucas Vasquez de Allyon Florida was important to the Franciscan priests Spain and the Gulf of Mexico Hernando de Soto St. Augustine
- 8. The Rise of Europe Spain and the Southwest Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Established Spanish claims to the southern portions of North America Franciscans tried to blend Catholicism with traditional Pueblo beliefs
- 9. The Rise of Europe England John Cabot Newfoundland Nova Scotia Initial interest focused on fish Later interest centered on finding new markets for wool
- 10. The Rise of Europe Queen Elizabeth I Did not promote overseas colonization Protestant Conflict with her Catholic brother, King Philip II of Spain Excommunicated in 1571
- 11. Conflict Between Spain and England 1587 – Philip II sent 20,000 Spanish soldiers to Netherlands to suppress Protestantism 1572 – Philip II helped arrange the massacre of thousands of French Protestants 1580 – Elizabeth provided aid to Protestant Dutch against Catholic rule 1585 – Elizabeth sent 6000 English troops to help Dutch Protestants 1588 – Philip sent in a Spanish armada
- 12. English Expansion Began its first attempts at colonization in Ireland First attempts in the Americas were small and feeble
- 13. We Have Discussed: The kingdoms that ruled Africa before and at the time of European contact Religious conflict in Europe and in fighting between the English and Spanish nations The rise of European powers and their first voyages into the New World