lecture 3 Curriculum Design in Teaching.
- 1. Curriculum planning and Designing 1
- 2. Objectives At the end of this presentation the learner will be able to….. Understand How to Assess the curriculum Define input, through put and out put of curriculum design Plan a curriculum Evaluate/critique curriculum Review PNC/HEC nursing curriculum guidelines 2
- 3. Introduction of curriculum planning and designing • “The curriculum planning of a school is the formal and informal content and process by which learners gain knowledge and understanding, develop skills, and alter attitudes, appreciations, and values under he auspices of that school ” (Doll, 2005:15) 3
- 4. Cont… • Typically these experiences will include attendance at lectures and classes, work in small groups, private study, preparing work for assessment and so on. • Curriculum design includes consideration of aims, intended learning outcomes, syllabus, learning and teaching methods, and assessment. 4
- 5. How to assess the curriculum • Assessment of student learning has always been a powerful influence on how and what teachers teach and is thus an important source of feedback on the appropriateness implementation of curriculum content. 5
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- 7. Define input, through put and out put of curriculum design. • Input: The local goals and shapes it into a plan for how to conduct effective teaching and learning. It is thus more than a list of topics and lists of key facts and skills (the “input”). • Out put: It is a map of how to achieve the “outputs” of desired student performance, 7
- 8. in which appropriate learning activities and assessments are suggested to make it more likely that students achieve the desired results. Wiggins and McTighe (2006, 6) Input = the linguistic content of a course • Process = how teaching is carried out • Output = learning outcomes Input Output Process Cont… 8
- 9. Planning curriculum • Planning - structuring the learning environment coordinating personnel ,material and equipment. Six steps follow in the planning curriculum 1. Define the objective of the curriculum. • the main objective might be to provide specific skills or knowledge necessary for completion of a degree. 9
- 10. Cont… 2.Choose an appropriate title. • Depending on the learning objective, titling the curriculum may be a straightforward process or one that requires greater thought. 3.Create a scope and sequence • This is an outline of key skills and information that 10
- 11. Cont… students need to achieve the main curriculum objective For a bachelor's degree curriculum, the scope and sequence might be a list of courses that a student must complete. 4.Determine the teaching approach. Depending on the topic and objective, information might best be conveyed in a lecture format. 11
- 12. Cont… 5.Build in an assessment component. Determining how to assess the knowledge of learners is dependent on the main curriculum objective 6.Establish a system of curriculum evaluation. When preparing learners for exams, gathering statistics of passing rates is helpful for gauging overall effectiveness. 12
- 13. Evaluate/critique curriculum • The term “evaluation” generally applies to the process of making a value judgment. • Curriculum evaluation aims to examine the impact of implemented curriculum on student (learning) achievement so that the official curriculum can be revised if necessary and to review teaching and learning processes in the classroom. 13
- 14. Cont…. • Specific strengths and weaknesses of a curriculum and its implementation; • Critical information for strategic changes and policy decisions; • Inputs needed for improved learning and teaching; • Indicators for monitoring. 14
- 15. Review PNC/HEC Nursing curriculum guidelines • Nursing curriculum History • Pakistan Nursing Council is a regulatory body established in 1948 where only one Nurse is working as Registrar with 8 supportive staffs. Recently one Assistant Registrar has been appointed. Computerized registration system is functional with assistance of CIDA funded project since 1996. The information obtained was to be utilized for the development of policy and planning of the profession. 15
- 16. Cont… Currently, nursing education in Pakistan is focused on the general nursing diploma program, the post basic clinical specialization program, a few BScN and one MScN programs. Guidelines : • Nursing education progress rapidly and change policies according to time and technology. 16
- 17. Cont… • Maintaining a database of Registered Nurses, Midwives and LHVs. • Develop and implement uniform mechanism in education and services at national level. • Prohibit employment of unregistered nurses, Midwives and LHVs 17
- 18. Cont… • Penalize fraudulently registered nurses, Midwives and LHVs • Work closely with the provincial Nursing Examination Boards to conduct examination and prescribe courses for Nurses, LHVs and Midwifes’ trainings and education. • Cancellation of registration on account of mal practices 18
- 19. HEC Guidelines According to HEC curriculum of a subject contribute to the enhancement of the nursing profession: • To prepare competent, committed, knowledgeable nurse clinicians (hospital and community settings) • To educate nurses with appropriate knowledge, skills and attitudes with clinical competency. 19
- 20. Cont… • To produce nurses who will integrate evidence- based science into clinical practice for the care of individual, families and communities • To produce nurses who can provide preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative health care to populations in rural and urban settings. 20
- 21. Cont… • To enable nurses to meet the future challenges, including changes in technology, which confronts health care in 21st century • To develop human resources for as teaching faculty for existing nursing programs, as currently there is a deficiency in numbers of faculty members 21
- 22. References • Wally,M.Guyot,(2000) Center for teaching and learning:standford university, California.. (volume54.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. • Doll, R. C. (2005). Curriculum Improvement: Decision making and process. Boston • March, J. K., Peters, K. H. (2002). Curriculum Development and Instructional Design in the Effective Schools Process. 22
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Editor's Notes
- #8: Pic 1, 3, 5, 10, 11,