How to Customize Android Framework&System
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The document discusses how to add a new "Calculator" API to the Android framework and system. It describes creating Java source code files for a new "itri.lecture.Cal" class with add and sub methods. Makefiles are created to build the new API as a Java library. The API source is added to the framework directory and referenced in build files. The new API package is added to the system image and boot classpath. An OTA update package is built to distribute the new system with the API. The API is given a version number and documented in the SDK to allow application developers to use the new methods.
![build/envsetup.sh
Helper Command Lib for Android Build
m
jgrep
Build from Top Dir
mm
Build from Current Dir
mmm [Target Dir]
Build from Target Dir
croot
Change Top Dir
Grep for Java Source
Code
resgrep
Grep for XML Source
Code
lunch
Choose Target Build
cgrep
Grep for C/C++ Source Code
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
20](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture03web-140101080852-phpapp02/85/How-to-Customize-Android-Framework-System-20-320.jpg)
![Make OTA image
Make OTA image
This OTA image is update image for Android.
›
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cd ~/nexus_work/android/
source build/envsetup.sh
lunch aosp_flo-user
make otapackage
This file name is
aosp_flo-ota-eng.[your Linux’s User name].zip
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
26](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture03web-140101080852-phpapp02/85/How-to-Customize-Android-Framework-System-26-320.jpg)
![Make MySDK
Make MySDK
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cd ~/nexus_work/android/
source build/envsetup.sh
lunch sdk-eng
make sdk
This file name is
android-sdk_eng.[your Linux’s User name]_linux-x86.zip
©SIProp Project, 2006-2008
33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/lecture03web-140101080852-phpapp02/85/How-to-Customize-Android-Framework-System-33-320.jpg)
How to Customize Android Framework&System
- 1. How to Customize Android Framework&System Noritsuna Imamura noritsuna@siprop.org ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 1
- 2. Agenda How to Customize Android Framework&System Add Own API to Android Framework&System Make Own SDK ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 2
- 3. About Android Android Framework has 3 Layer Stack for SmartPhone & Tablet PC. Application Framework Layer (Java) Library Layer (Linux C/C++) Kernel/Driver Layer (Linux Kernel C/ASM) ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 3
- 4. Structure of out dir target/common/obj/ APPS APK JAVA_LIBRARIES API PACKAGING Files Nothing... target/product/flo/ boot.img kernel ramdisk.img root ramdisk-recovery.img recovery.img recovery system.img system userdata.img data cache.img cache ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 4
- 5. What’s Fastboot? Fastboot is ROM Manager for eMMC. eMMC is managed by Address in Low Lovel. When you write your Kernel, you MUST point kernel address. If you mistake kernel address, your system is broken… Separated by Address ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 5
- 6. About Android Source Code packages App for Android frameworks Lib for Android Apps system Sys Lib for Framework docs Java Doc for Android developers Sample, Demos build Tool for Android Build prebuilts Toolchain sdk Android SDK ndk Native SDK pdk for 3rd Party SDK cts Compatibility Test tools Tools for External 2006-2008 ©SIProp Project, 6
- 7. About Android Source Code external Linux Lib libcore Lib for Android bionic libc for Android device Diff for Devices hardware Drivers bootable BootLoader libnativehelper Helper for JNI abi Application Binary Interface dalvik Java VM art Next Generation VM ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 7
- 8. Customized Android System(ROM) ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 8
- 9. What’s Nexus7? Target Tablet Nexus7(2013) http://www.google.com/ nexus/7/ OS JCROM With Build Manual https://sites.google.com/ site/jcromproject/ ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 9
- 10. Customized UI/UX Modify Android System View Animation SystemUI Home Widget Notification Settings etc… ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 10
- 11. Application Framework Layer APIs App Components User Interface App Resources Animation and Graphics Computation Media and Camera Location and Sensors Connectivity Text and Input Data Storage Administration Web Apps Best Practices ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 11
- 12. How to Develop? ADT Standard Android Application Only Java on Application Framework Layer Advantage Use All Android Tools Many Docs from Google Developer Site & Blogs Call Stack APK File(Your Application) (Java) Call as Java API Application Framework Layer (Java) Call as JNI(C/C++) Library Layer (C/C++) Call as SysCall(C/ASM Kernel/Driver Layer (C/ASM)Project, 2006-2008 ©SIProp 12
- 13. How to Develop? NDK w/ADT Standard Android Application for C/C++ Java on Application Framework Layer C/C++ on Limited Library Layer Call Stack APK File(Your Application) (Java & C/C++) Call as Java API Application Framework Layer (Java) Call as JNI(C/C++) Advantage Use Java&C/C++ Dis-Advantage Must Use UI Framework on Java Layer Library Layer (C/C++) Call as SysCall(C/ASM Kernel/Driver Layer (C/ASM)Project, 2006-2008 ©SIProp 13
- 14. How to Add New APIs ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 14
- 15. Application Framework Layer Packages by Android Framework android.accessibilityservice android.accounts android.animation android.app android.app.admin android.app.backup android.appwidget android.bluetooth android.content android.content.pm android.content.res android.database android.database.sqlite android.drm android.gesture android.graphics android.graphics.drawable android.graphics.drawable.shapes android.graphics.pdf android.hardware android.hardware.display android.hardware.input android.hardware.location android.hardware.usb android.inputmethodservice android.location android.media android.media.audiofx android.media.effect android.mtp android.net android.net android.net.http android.net.nsd android.net.rtp android.net.sip android.net.wifi android.net.wifi.p2p android.net.wifi.p2p.nsd android.nfc android.nfc.cardemulation android.nfc.tech android.opengl android.os android.os.storage android.preference android.print android.print.pdf android.printservice android.provider android.renderscript android.sax android.security android.service.dreams android.service.notification android.service.textservice android.service.wallpaper android.speech android.text android.speech.tts android.text.format android.support.v13.app android.text.method android.support.v4.accessibilityservice android.text.style android.support.v4.app android.text.util android.support.v4.content android.transition android.support.v4.content.pm android.util android.support.v4.database android.view android.support.v4.graphics.drawable android.view.accessibility android.support.v4.hardware.display android.view.animation android.support.v4.media android.view.inputmethod android.support.v4.net android.view.textservice android.support.v4.os android.webkit android.support.v4.print android.widget android.support.v4.text dalvik.bytecode android.support.v4.util dalvik.system android.support.v4.view android.support.v4.view.accessibility android.support.v4.widget android.support.v7.app android.support.v7.appcompat android.support.v7.gridlayout android.support.v7.media android.support.v7.mediarouter android.support.v7.view android.support.v7.widget android.support.v8.renderscript android.telephony android.telephony.cdma android.telephony.gsm android.test android.test.mock 15 ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 android.test.suitebuilder
- 16. Goal Add “Calculator” API into Android System Package Name: itri.lecture Class Name: Cal Method int add(int, int) int sub(int, int) Android System Nexus7 AOSP based Android 4.3.1 ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 16
- 17. Source Code of MyAPI Java itri.lecture.Cal.java Main Program 1. package itri.lecture; 2. public class Cal { 3. public Cal() {} 4. public static int add(int a, int b) {return a+b;} 5. public int sub(int a, int b) {return a-b;} 6. } package.html, package-info.java Appoint about Build Target Dir 1. <HTML><BODY> 2. MyAPI Test Class. 3. </BODY></HTML> 4. package itri.lecture; ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 17
- 18. Makefile of MyAPI Android.mk Makefile for Android BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY => Make .jar Package BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY => Make .so Package BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY => Make .a file BUILD_EXECUTABLE => Make ELF file (Executable file) BUILD_DROIDDOC => Make JavaDoc › LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) › include $(CLEAR_VARS) › › › › › LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-java-files-under, src) LOCAL_NO_STANDARD_LIBRARIES := true LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := core framework LOCAL_JAVACFLAGS := $(local_javac_flags) LOCAL_MODULE := myapi › include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY) ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 18
- 19. Makefile of MyAPI Common.mk Used by Other .mk file besides MyAPI’s .mk . Ex. Framework Base’s Android.mk › › › › # List of source to build into the myapi # core-myapi-files := src/itri/lecture/Cal.java › › › › › › # List of junit javadoc source files for Android public API # # $(1): directory for search (to support use from frameworks/base) define myapi_to_document $(core-myapi-files) endef CleanSpec.mk Newer Clean steps must be at the end of the list. ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 19
- 20. build/envsetup.sh Helper Command Lib for Android Build m jgrep Build from Top Dir mm Build from Current Dir mmm [Target Dir] Build from Target Dir croot Change Top Dir Grep for Java Source Code resgrep Grep for XML Source Code lunch Choose Target Build cgrep Grep for C/C++ Source Code ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 20
- 21. Setup Source Code of MyAPI Copy to “framework” Directory “framework/base” Directory “framework/base/core” Directory ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 21
- 22. Application Framework Layer Packages by Android Framework android.accessibilityservice android.accounts android.animation android.app android.app.admin android.app.backup android.appwidget android.bluetooth android.content android.content.pm android.content.res android.database android.database.sqlite android.drm android.gesture android.graphics android.graphics.drawable android.graphics.drawable.shapes android.graphics.pdf android.hardware android.hardware.display android.hardware.input android.hardware.location android.hardware.usb android.inputmethodservice android.location android.media android.media.audiofx android.media.effect android.mtp android.net android.net android.net.http android.net.nsd android.net.rtp android.net.sip android.net.wifi android.net.wifi.p2p android.net.wifi.p2p.nsd android.nfc android.nfc.cardemulation android.nfc.tech android.opengl android.os android.os.storage android.preference android.print android.print.pdf android.printservice android.provider android.renderscript android.sax android.security android.service.dreams android.service.notification android.service.textservice android.service.wallpaper android.speech android.text android.speech.tts android.text.format android.support.v13.app android.text.method android.support.v4.accessibilityservice android.text.style android.support.v4.app android.text.util android.support.v4.content android.transition android.support.v4.content.pm android.util android.support.v4.database android.view android.support.v4.graphics.drawable android.view.accessibility android.support.v4.hardware.display android.view.animation android.support.v4.media android.view.inputmethod android.support.v4.net android.view.textservice android.support.v4.os android.webkit android.support.v4.print android.widget android.support.v4.text dalvik.bytecode android.support.v4.util dalvik.system android.support.v4.view android.support.v4.view.accessibility android.support.v4.widget android.support.v7.app android.support.v7.appcompat android.support.v7.gridlayout android.support.v7.media android.support.v7.mediarouter android.support.v7.view android.support.v7.widget android.support.v8.renderscript android.telephony android.telephony.cdma android.telephony.gsm android.test android.test.mock 22 ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 android.test.suitebuilder
- 23. Add MyAPI’s Source Code Path frameworks/base/Android.mk Base System for Framework(API) › › › › › › # Common sources for doc check and api check common_src_files := $(call find-other-html-files, $(html_dirs)) $(addprefix ../../libcore/, $(call libcore_to_document, $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../libcore)) $(addprefix ../../external/junit/, $(call junit_to_document, $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../external/junit)) $(addprefix ../../frameworks/myapi/, $(call myapi_to_document, $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../frameworks/myapi)) › › # include definition of junit_to_document include external/junit/Common.mk › › # include definition of myapi_to_document include frameworks/myapi/Common.mk ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 23
- 24. Set Target Product build/target/product/mini.mk build/target/product/core.mk 1. # Base modules (will move elsewhere, previously user tagged) 2. PRODUCT_PACKAGES += 3. 20-dns.conf 4. 95-configured 5. am 6. myapi ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 24
- 25. Set Class Path system/core/rootdir/init.rc 1. export BOOTCLASSPATH /system/framework/core.jar:/system/framework/corejunit.jar:/system/framework/bouncycastle.jar:/system/fram ework/ext.jar:/system/framework/framework.jar:/system/fr amework/telephony-common.jar:/system/framework/voipcommon.jar:/system/framework/mmscommon.jar:/system/framework/android.policy.jar:/system/ framework/services.jar:/system/framework/apachexml.jar:/system/framework/myapi.jar build/core/dex_preopt.mk 1. 2. # TODO: replace it with device's BOOTCLASSPATH DEXPREOPT_BOOT_JARS := core:corejunit:bouncycastle:ext:myapi:framework: ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 25
- 26. Make OTA image Make OTA image This OTA image is update image for Android. › › › › cd ~/nexus_work/android/ source build/envsetup.sh lunch aosp_flo-user make otapackage This file name is aosp_flo-ota-eng.[your Linux’s User name].zip ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 26
- 27. What’s Android OTA-Package Android OTA-Package has ROM images. boot.img Kernel, Init, Minimam Linux recovery.img Recovery Manager Program system.img Android System userdata.img User Data Separated by Address ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 27
- 28. How to Use New APIs ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 28
- 29. No API on SDK… ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 29
- 30. Setup API Version for MyAPI 1/2 development/sdk/api-versions.xml 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. <class name="itri/lecture/Cal" since="18"> <method name="<init>()V" /> <method name="add(II)I" /> <method name="sub(II)I" /> </class> ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 30
- 31. Setup API Version for MyAPI 2/2 prebuilts/sdk/api/18.txt 1. package itri.lecture { 2. public class Cal { 3. ctor public Cal(); 4. method public int add(int, int); 5. method public static int sub(int, int); 6. } 7. } ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 31
- 32. Setup JavaDoc build/core/droiddoc.mk 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ifneq ($(LOCAL_SDK_VERSION),) ifeq ($(LOCAL_SDK_VERSION)$(TARGET_BUILD_APPS),current) # Use android_stubs_current if LOCAL_SDK_VERSION is current and no TARGET_BUILD_APPS. LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := android_stubs_current $(LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES) else LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := sdk_v$(LOCAL_SDK_VERSION) $(LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES) endif else LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := core ext framework myapi $(LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES) endif # LOCAL_SDK_VERSION ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 32
- 33. Make MySDK Make MySDK › › › › cd ~/nexus_work/android/ source build/envsetup.sh lunch sdk-eng make sdk This file name is android-sdk_eng.[your Linux’s User name]_linux-x86.zip ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 33
- 34. How to Use New APIs ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 34
- 35. Copy SDK to your Environment “sdk/platforms/android-4.3.1” to your “sdk/platforms/” ©SIProp Project, 2006-2008 35