ledger content in accounting a level courses
- 1. Double entry system and Accounting equation Ying Hu 2024/4/9
- 3. Page 3 Ledgers 在簿记上是分类帐的意思，可以和其他词汇搭配，构成许多会计词汇。如 ledger accounts( 分类帐户 ) 、 general ledger( 总分类帐 ) 、 subsidiary ledger( 明细分 类帐 ) 等。例如： • Ledger accounts are used to record business transactions' effect on an accounting entity. 分类帐户被用来记录交易对会计主体的影响。 • A ledger account is simply a record of changes (increase and decrease) and balances in value of a specific accounting item. 分类帐户不过是特定会计项目价值的变动 ( 增加与减少 ) 和结余的记录。 • The general ledger is the book used to list all the accounts established by an organization. 总分类帐是一本列出一个单位所设立的全部帐户的帐本。 • Further simplification of the general ledger is brought about by the use of subsidiary ledger. 使用明细分类帐使总分类帐更加简化明了。 I The Ledger
- 4. Page 4 I What is the ledger? • The ledger is a collection of all the accounts for a business • It could be a book where each accountis on a new page • It could be a spreadsheet file where each accountis on a new sheet • The ledger is divided into three separate ledgers – The receivables ledger – The payables ledger – The nominal (general) ledger The Ledger
- 5. Page 5 I The Ledger
- 6. Page 6 I The Ledger Receivables, Payables & Nominal Ledgers What is the sales ledger? The receivables ledgeris a collection ofthe accounts for all of the credit customers These are the trade receivables accounts The sales account itself does not go into the receivables ledger It goes in the nominal ledger
- 7. Page 7 I The Ledger Receivables, Payables & Nominal Ledgers What is the payables ledger? The payables ledgeris a collection ofthe accounts for all of the credit suppliers These are the trade payables accounts The purchases account itself does not go into the payables ledger It goes in the nominal ledger
- 8. Page 8 I The Ledger Receivables, Payables & Nominal Ledgers What is the nominal(general)ledger? The nominal ledgeris a collection of all accounts of a business except for the accounts for credit customers and credit suppliers It is also known as the general ledger The most common accounts in the nominal ledger are: • Sales account • Purchases account • Returns inwards account • Returns outwards account • Carriage inwards account
- 9. Page 9 I The Ledger Example
- 10. Page 10 II Examples of Ledger recording
- 11. Page 11 II Examples of Ledger recording
- 12. Page 12 II Examples of Ledger recording 赊销，先给出货物，后续收钱 源文件为销售发票
- 13. Page 13 II Examples of Ledger recording
- 14. Page 14 II Examples of Ledger recording
- 15. Page 15 II Examples of Ledger recording
Editor's Notes
- #2: OK today we’re going to learn the topic of accounting equation. Here is our list of contents The first part is the basics of accompany equation. I will introduce you each part of the equation and the meaning. Second part is the effects of business transactions of accounting equation Here we learn how different transactions would affect accounting equation, and the nature of change, a transaction would affect both sides of equation. Then we have a simple example for you to consolidate the understanding.
- #4: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #5: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #6: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #7: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #8: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #9: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #10: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #11: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #12: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #13: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #14: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.
- #15: With the basics of accounting equation in mind, now we come to the second part, the effects of Business Transactions on Accounting Equation. After knowing the equation, we should now how different elements change. Firstly the concept of business transaction. A business transaction is an economic event or condition that directly changes an entity’s financial condition or directly affects its results of operations. As accounting equation reflects a business’s financial condition, a business transaction would change the value of different elements of the equation.