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Limiting, Leaving, and (re)Lapsing
An Exploration of Facebook Non-Use Practices & Experiences
Cornell

University
Northwestern

University
CHI 2013
 Paris, France
Kaiton WilliamsVictoria Schwanda SosikMadeline E. Smith
Eric P. S. Baumer Tony LiaoVera KhovanskayaPhil Adams
Non-Use of Technology
trestle.org.uk
•  Kline (2003)
•  Wyatt (2005)
•  Satchell &
Dourish (2009)
Research Questions
RQ1: 
What is the prevalence of both actual
Facebook nonuse and consideration
of non-use?
RQ2: 
In what practices do Facebook non-
users engage, and what is the
prevalence of these various practices?
RQ3: 
What motivations are used to justify,
and what experiences surround,
Facebook non-use?
Do you currently have a Facebook account?
Yes (I have an active account or an account that has been deactivated)
No (I have permanently deleted my account, or have never had a FB
account)
Have you ever considered permanently deleting your Facebook account
1 (No, I would never consider it)
2
3
4
5 (Yes, I think about it all the time)
How happy were you with your decision to permanently delete your
account?
Very unhappy
Somewhat unhappy
Ambivalent
Somewhat happy
Very happy
Data Collection & Analysis
Data Collection & Analysis
Please describe a time that you questioned your choice not to have a
Facebook account or felt pressured to sign up for an account.
Please describe the time that you deleted your Facebook account, how
you decided to do it, and what happened afterward.
Please describe a time that made you consider deactivating or deleting
your account and why you eventually chose not to.
Please tell a story about when you or someone you know either left
Facebook or systematically limited their Facebook use.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30908
Profile of Respondents
• 410 respondents
o  199 female, 160 male, 4 other (47 no response)
o  19 to 76 years old; mean=35 (48 no response)
Resisting
Male, 42 years
UX Designer
I'm a non conformist. I was never
interested by it. It is a passive way of
keeping making friends. Now that
people can friend company's [sic], I feel
my choice was right. I abhor
commercialism.
• 75 respondents
Leaving
Female, 49 years
Academic Researcher
I tried to permanently close my account
but apparently I only deactivated it.
This survey has made me aware that
there is another procedure to remove
my account permanently, although I
doubt whether I will be able to find it
since I looked for this before!
• 127 respondents
noelgreen.com
palmpartners.com
(re)Lapsing
Female, 31 years
PhD Candidate
I deleted my account permanently in
May 2010. However, when I went to
India to do fieldwork, I found that I
couldn’t avoid facebook and do my
participation so I have a
researchcontacts only account.
Female, 25 years
Student
I deactivated 2 or 3 times during my
finals. I used to get distracted during
the final week. I was happy to get back
afterward.
• 59 respondents
wallpaperstock.net
(Systematic) Limiting
Female, 39 years
Postdoctoral Fellow
“I was writing my dissertation and
found FB to be my number one
distraction. I had my husband change
my password and he’d log me on once
a week or so as a treat.
• 64 respondents
Interpretive Themes
•  Banality
•  Productivity
•  Privacy
•  Data Use and Misuse
•  Social and Institutional Pressures
•  Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy
Interpretive Themes
•  Banality
•  Productivity
•  Privacy
•  Data Use and Misuse
•  Social and Institutional Pressures
•  Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy
Data Use and Misuse
Male, 40 years
Writer
Facebook started adding more
insidious methods of stealing user data
located on personal computers (rather
than uploaded to the site).
Female, 31 years
Graduate Student
I want to limit the amount of
information I disclose about myself and
'hand over' to corporations who profit
from this at the expense of my privacy.
Mashable.com
Social and Institutional Pressures
Female, 42 years
Web Designer
I had an ex boyfriend and his ex wife
harassing me via facebook msg.
Around the same time, I had a couple
of dates and a guy started stalking me
and asking me to friend him. It was
then I decided to deactivate my
account. 
Eatreadpraydate.wordpress.com
Social and Institutional Pressures
Male, 32 years
Postdoctoral Fellow
I teach students. There were times
when I thought it might be better that
my personal infromation will be less
accessible to them.
Male, 30 years
PhD Student
Unfortunately deactivating my account
is not possible right now, because I
need it for my professional life, for
example when being an organizer for a
big conference or networking with
other researchers.
Fastcompany.com
Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy
Male, 28 years
Post-doc
Afterward I went through facebook
withdrawal. I would be sitting at my
computer and feel the need to login to
facebook [...]
Female, 36 years
University Professor
A friend from gradschool very abruptly
sent a status update that he was leaving
and the next day deleted his account. I
wish I had the nerve to do the same.
Socialmediagroup.com
Kaiton Williams will miss youVictoria S. Sosik will miss youMadeline E. Smith will miss you
Eric P. S. Baumer will miss you Tony Liao will miss youVera Khovanskaya will miss youPhil Adams will miss you
Your one billion friends will no longer be able to keep in touch with you.
Are you sure you want to deactivate your account?
Deactivating your account will disable your profile and remove your name and picture from most things you've shared on Facebook. Some
information may still be visible to others, such as your name in their friends list and messages you sent.
Search for people. places and things
Deproblematizing the Non-User
• Non-use is
meaningful in
itself
• Instead of
lagging adoption,
we saw lagging
resistance
karliemacbradshaw.com
Thank you!
kow2@cornell.edu
Kaiton Williams
vls48@cornell.edu
Victoria Schwanda Sosik
madsesmith@u.northwestern.edu
Madeline E. Smith
cl566@cornell.edu
Tony Liao
vdk9@cornell.edu
Vera Khovanskaya
pja22@cornell.edu
Phil Adams
ericpsb@cornell.edu
Eric P. S. Baumer
DGE-1144153 & DGE-0824162http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30908

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CHI 2013: Facebook Limiting, Leaving, and (re)Lapsing

  • 1. Limiting, Leaving, and (re)Lapsing An Exploration of Facebook Non-Use Practices & Experiences Cornell
 University Northwestern
 University CHI 2013 Paris, France Kaiton WilliamsVictoria Schwanda SosikMadeline E. Smith Eric P. S. Baumer Tony LiaoVera KhovanskayaPhil Adams
  • 2. Non-Use of Technology trestle.org.uk •  Kline (2003) •  Wyatt (2005) •  Satchell & Dourish (2009)
  • 3. Research Questions RQ1: What is the prevalence of both actual Facebook nonuse and consideration of non-use? RQ2: In what practices do Facebook non- users engage, and what is the prevalence of these various practices? RQ3: What motivations are used to justify, and what experiences surround, Facebook non-use?
  • 4. Do you currently have a Facebook account? Yes (I have an active account or an account that has been deactivated) No (I have permanently deleted my account, or have never had a FB account) Have you ever considered permanently deleting your Facebook account 1 (No, I would never consider it) 2 3 4 5 (Yes, I think about it all the time) How happy were you with your decision to permanently delete your account? Very unhappy Somewhat unhappy Ambivalent Somewhat happy Very happy Data Collection & Analysis
  • 5. Data Collection & Analysis Please describe a time that you questioned your choice not to have a Facebook account or felt pressured to sign up for an account. Please describe the time that you deleted your Facebook account, how you decided to do it, and what happened afterward. Please describe a time that made you consider deactivating or deleting your account and why you eventually chose not to. Please tell a story about when you or someone you know either left Facebook or systematically limited their Facebook use. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30908
  • 6. Profile of Respondents • 410 respondents o  199 female, 160 male, 4 other (47 no response) o  19 to 76 years old; mean=35 (48 no response)
  • 7. Resisting Male, 42 years UX Designer I'm a non conformist. I was never interested by it. It is a passive way of keeping making friends. Now that people can friend company's [sic], I feel my choice was right. I abhor commercialism. • 75 respondents
  • 8. Leaving Female, 49 years Academic Researcher I tried to permanently close my account but apparently I only deactivated it. This survey has made me aware that there is another procedure to remove my account permanently, although I doubt whether I will be able to find it since I looked for this before! • 127 respondents noelgreen.com
  • 9. palmpartners.com (re)Lapsing Female, 31 years PhD Candidate I deleted my account permanently in May 2010. However, when I went to India to do fieldwork, I found that I couldn’t avoid facebook and do my participation so I have a researchcontacts only account. Female, 25 years Student I deactivated 2 or 3 times during my finals. I used to get distracted during the final week. I was happy to get back afterward. • 59 respondents
  • 10. wallpaperstock.net (Systematic) Limiting Female, 39 years Postdoctoral Fellow “I was writing my dissertation and found FB to be my number one distraction. I had my husband change my password and he’d log me on once a week or so as a treat. • 64 respondents
  • 11. Interpretive Themes •  Banality •  Productivity •  Privacy •  Data Use and Misuse •  Social and Institutional Pressures •  Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy
  • 12. Interpretive Themes •  Banality •  Productivity •  Privacy •  Data Use and Misuse •  Social and Institutional Pressures •  Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy
  • 13. Data Use and Misuse Male, 40 years Writer Facebook started adding more insidious methods of stealing user data located on personal computers (rather than uploaded to the site). Female, 31 years Graduate Student I want to limit the amount of information I disclose about myself and 'hand over' to corporations who profit from this at the expense of my privacy. Mashable.com
  • 14. Social and Institutional Pressures Female, 42 years Web Designer I had an ex boyfriend and his ex wife harassing me via facebook msg. Around the same time, I had a couple of dates and a guy started stalking me and asking me to friend him. It was then I decided to deactivate my account. Eatreadpraydate.wordpress.com
  • 15. Social and Institutional Pressures Male, 32 years Postdoctoral Fellow I teach students. There were times when I thought it might be better that my personal infromation will be less accessible to them. Male, 30 years PhD Student Unfortunately deactivating my account is not possible right now, because I need it for my professional life, for example when being an organizer for a big conference or networking with other researchers. Fastcompany.com
  • 16. Addiction, Withdrawal, and Envy Male, 28 years Post-doc Afterward I went through facebook withdrawal. I would be sitting at my computer and feel the need to login to facebook [...] Female, 36 years University Professor A friend from gradschool very abruptly sent a status update that he was leaving and the next day deleted his account. I wish I had the nerve to do the same. Socialmediagroup.com
  • 17. Kaiton Williams will miss youVictoria S. Sosik will miss youMadeline E. Smith will miss you Eric P. S. Baumer will miss you Tony Liao will miss youVera Khovanskaya will miss youPhil Adams will miss you Your one billion friends will no longer be able to keep in touch with you. Are you sure you want to deactivate your account? Deactivating your account will disable your profile and remove your name and picture from most things you've shared on Facebook. Some information may still be visible to others, such as your name in their friends list and messages you sent. Search for people. places and things
  • 18. Deproblematizing the Non-User • Non-use is meaningful in itself • Instead of lagging adoption, we saw lagging resistance karliemacbradshaw.com
  • 19. Thank you! kow2@cornell.edu Kaiton Williams vls48@cornell.edu Victoria Schwanda Sosik madsesmith@u.northwestern.edu Madeline E. Smith cl566@cornell.edu Tony Liao vdk9@cornell.edu Vera Khovanskaya pja22@cornell.edu Phil Adams ericpsb@cornell.edu Eric P. S. Baumer DGE-1144153 & DGE-0824162http://hdl.handle.net/1813/30908