Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement
Grades 10-12

TOURISM

TOURISM GRADES 10-12

Department of Basic Education

222 Struben Street
Private Bag X895
Pretoria 0001
South Africa
Tel: +27 12 357 3000
Fax: +27 12 323 0601

120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023
Cape Town 8000
South Africa
Tel: +27 21 465 1701
Fax: +27 21 461 8110
Website: http://www.education.gov.za

© 2011 Department of Basic Education

Isbn: 978-1-4315-0575-3

Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution

Printed by: Government Printing Works

CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT POLICY STATEMENT (CAPS)

FOREWORD by thE ministER

Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen
years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of
democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution
(Act 108 of 1996). the Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the
Constitution are to:

• heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic
values, social justice and fundamental human rights;

• improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person;

• lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which government is
based on the will of the people and every citizen is equally protected by law;
and

• build a united and democratic South Africa able to take its rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of
nations.

Education and the curriculum have an important role to play in realising these aims.

in 1997 we introduced outcomes-based education to overcome the curricular divisions of the past, but the experience
of implementation prompted a review in 2000. This led to the first curriculum revision: the Revised National Curriculum
Statement Grades R-9 and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 (2002).

Ongoing implementation challenges resulted in another review in 2009 and we revised the Revised National
Curriculum Statement (2002) and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 to produce this document.

From 2012 the two national Curriculum statements, for Grades R-9 and Grades 10-12 respectively, are combined
in a single document and will simply be known as the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. the National
Curriculum Statement for Grades R-12 builds on the previous curriculum but also updates it and aims to provide
clearer specification of what is to be taught and learnt on a term-by-term basis.

the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 represents a policy statement for learning and teaching in south
African schools and comprises of the following:

(a) Curriculum and Assessment Policy statements (CAPs) for all approved subjects listed in this document;

(b) National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement
Grades R-12; and

(c) National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12.

MRS ANGIE MOTSHEKGA, MP
MINISTER OF BASIC EDUCATION

CAPS


CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT POLICY STATEMENT (CAPS)

Contents

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement for
TOURISM gradeS 10-12......................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Background...................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Overview........................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 General aims of the South African Curriculum............................................................................................. 4

1.4 Time allocation................................................................................................................................................. 6

1.4.1 Foundation Phase.................................................................................................................................... 6

1.4.2 Intermediate Phase.................................................................................................................................. 6

1.4.3 Senior Phase........................................................................................................................................... 7

1.4.4 Grades 10-12........................................................................................................................................... 7

SECTION 2................................................................................................................................................. 8

2.1 The subject Tourism........................................................................................................................................ 8

2.2 Specific aims of Tourism................................................................................................................................. 8

2.3 Time allocation for the subject Tourism in the curriculum.......................................................................... 9

2.4 Requirements to offer the subject Tourism................................................................................................... 9

2.4.1 What each learner should have............................................................................................................... 9

2.4.2 Recommendations for the teacher........................................................................................................... 9

2.4.3 Recommendations for the Tourism classroom......................................................................................... 9

SECTION 3............................................................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Overview of topics......................................................................................................................................... 10

3.2 Teaching plans............................................................................................................................................... 12

SECTION 4............................................................................................................................................... 38

4.1 Assessment in Tourism................................................................................................................................. 38

4.2 Informal assessment..................................................................................................................................... 38

4.3 Formal assessment........................................................................................................................................ 38

4.4 Types of assessment..................................................................................................................................... 39

4.4.1 Projects and field trip assignments........................................................................................................ 39

4.4.2 Tests....................................................................................................................................................... 40

4.4.3 Examinations......................................................................................................................................... 41

4.4.4 Practical assessment task (PAT)............................................................................................................ 41

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4.5 Recording and reporting............................................................................................................................... 41

4.6 Promotion....................................................................................................................................................... 42

4.7 Moderation of assessment............................................................................................................................ 42

2 CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT POLICY STATEMENT (CAPS)

sECTION 1

INTRODUCTION TO THE Curriculum and Assessment Policy StatementS for TOURISM
gradeS 10-12

1.1 Background

The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (NCS) stipulates policy on curriculum and assessment in the
schooling sector.

To improve implementation, the National Curriculum Statement was amended, with the amendments coming into
effect in January 2012. A single comprehensive Curriculum and Assessment Policy document was developed for
each subject to replace Subject Statements, Learning Programme Guidelines and Subject Assessment Guidelines
in Grades R-12.

1.2 Overview

(a) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (January 2012) represents a policy statement for learning
and teaching in South African schools and comprises the following:

(i) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements for each approved school subject;

(ii) The policy document, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the
National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; and

(iii) The policy document, National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12 (January 2012).

(b) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (January 2012) replaces the two current national curricula
statements, namely the

(i) Revised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9, Government Gazette No. 23406 of 31 May 2002,
and

(ii) National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 Government Gazettes, No. 25545 of 6 October 2003 and
No. 27594 of 17 May 2005.

(c) The national curriculum statements contemplated in subparagraphs b(i) and (ii) comprise the following policy
documents which will be incrementally repealed by the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (January
2012) during the period 2012-2014:

(i) The Learning Area/Subject Statements, Learning Programme Guidelines and Subject Assessment
Guidelines for Grades R-9 and Grades 10-12;

(ii) The policy document, National Policy on assessment and qualifications for schools in the General
Education and Training Band d, promulgated in Government Notice No. 124 in Government Gazette
No. 29626 of 12 February 2007;

(iii) The policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National
Qualifications Framework (NQF), promulgated in Government Gazette No.27819 of 20 July 2005;

CAPS 3

(iv) The policy document, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A
qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding learners with special
needs, published in Government Gazette, No.29466 of 11 December 2006, is incorporated in the policy
document, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National
Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; and

(v) The policy document, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A
qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding the National Protocol
for Assessment (Grades R-12), promulgated in Government Notice No.1267 in Government Gazette
No. 29467 of 11 December 2006.=

(d) The policy document, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the
National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, and the sections on the Curriculum and Assessment Policy as
contemplated in Chapters 2, 3 and 4 of this document constitute the norms and standards of the National
Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. It will therefore, in terms of section 6A of the South African Schools Act,
1996 (Act No. 84 of 1996,) form the basis for the Minister of Basic Education to determine minimum outcomes
and standards, as well as the processes and procedures for the assessment of learner achievement to be
applicable to public and independent schools.

1.3 General aims of the South African Curriculum

(a) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 gives expression to the knowledge, skills and values worth
learning in South African schools. This curriculum aims to ensure that children acquire and apply knowledge
and skills in ways that are meaningful to their own lives. In this regard, the curriculum promotes knowledge in
local contexts, while being sensitive to global imperatives.

(b) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 serves the purposes of:

• equipping learners, irrespective of their socio-economic background, race, gender, physical ability or
intellectual ability, with the knowledge, skills and values necessary for self-fulfilment, and meaningful
participation in society as citizens of a free country;

• providing access to higher education;

• facilitating the transition of learners from education institutions to the workplace; and

• providing employers with a sufficient profile of a learner’s competences.

(c) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 is based on the following principles:

• Social transformation: ensuring that the educational imbalances of the past are redressed, and that equal
educational opportunities are provided for all sections of the population;

• Active and critical learning: encouraging an active and critical approach to learning, rather than rote and
uncritical learning of given truths;

• High knowledge and high skills: the minimum standards of knowledge and skills to be achieved at each
grade are specified and set high, achievable standards in all subjects;

• Progression: content and context of each grade shows progression from simple to complex;


• Human rights, inclusivity, environmental and social justice: infusing the principles and practices of social and
environmental justice and human rights as defined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. The
National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 is sensitive to issues of diversity such as poverty, inequality,
race, gender, language, age, disability and other factors;

• Valuing indigenous knowledge systems: acknowledging the rich history and heritage of this country as
important contributors to nurturing the values contained in the Constitution; and

• Credibility, quality and efficiency: providing an education that is comparable in quality, breadth and depth to
those of other countries.

(d) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 aims to produce learners that are able to:

• identify and solve problems and make decisions using critical and creative thinking;

• work effectively as individuals and with others as members of a team;

• organise and manage themselves and their activities responsibly and effectively;

• collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information;

• communicate effectively using visual, symbolic and/or language skills in various modes;

• use science and technology effectively and critically showing responsibility towards the environment and
the health of others; and

• demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem solving
contexts do not exist in isolation.

(e) Inclusivity should become a central part of the organisation, planning and teaching at each school. This can
only happen if all teachers have a sound understanding of how to recognise and address barriers to learning,
and how to plan for diversity.

The key to managing inclusivity is ensuring that barriers are identified and addressed by all the relevant support
structures within the school community, including teachers, District-Based Support Teams, Institutional-Level
Support Teams, parents and Special Schools as Resource Centres. To address barriers in the classroom,
teachers should use various curriculum differentiation strategies such as those included in the Department of
Basic Education’s Guidelines for Inclusive Teaching and Learning (2010).

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1.4 Time Allocation

1.4.1 Foundation Phase

(a) The instructional time in the Foundation Phase is as follows:

GRADE R GRADES 1-2 GRADE 3
SUBJECT
(HOURS) (HOURS) (HOURS)
Home Language 10 8/7 8/7
First Additional Language 2/3 3/4
Mathematics 7 7 7
Life Skills 6 6 7
• Beginning Knowledge (1) (1) (2)
• Creative Arts
(2) (2) (2)
• Physical Education
(2) (2) (2)
• Personal and Social Well-being
(1) (1) (1)
TOTAL 23 23 25

(b) Instructional time for Grades R, 1 and 2 is 23 hours and for Grade 3 is 25 hours.

(c) Ten hours are allocated for languages in Grades R-2 and 11 hours in Grade 3. A maximum of 8 hours and a
minimum of 7 hours are allocated for Home Language and a minimum of 2 hours and a maximum of 3 hours for
Additional Language in Grades 1-2. In Grade 3 a maximum of 8 hours and a minimum of 7 hours are allocated
for Home Language and a minimum of 3 hours and a maximum of 4 hours for First Additional Language.

(d) In Life Skills Beginning Knowledge is allocated 1 hour in Grades R-2 and 2 hours as indicated by the hours in
brackets for Grade 3.

1.4.2 Intermediate Phase

(a) The instructional time in the Intermediate Phase is as follows:

SUBJECT HOURS
Home Language 6
First Additional Language 5
Mathematics 6
Natural Sciences and Technology 3,5
Social Sciences 3
Life Skills 4
• Creative Arts (1,5)
• Physical Education
(1)
• Personal and Social Well-being
(1,5)
TOTAL 27,5


1.4.3 Senior Phase

(a) The instructional time in the Senior Phase is as follows:

SUBJECT HOURS
Home Language 5
First Additional Language 4
Mathematics 4,5
Natural Sciences 3
Social Sciences 3
Technology 2
Economic Management Sciences 2
Life Orientation 2
Creative Arts 2
TOTAL 27,5

1.4.4 Grades 10-12

(a) The instructional time in Grades 10-12 is as follows:

Subject Time allocation per week (hours)
Home Language 4.5
First Additional Language 4.5
Mathematics 4.5
Life Orientation 2
minimum of any three subjects selected from Group B
A 12 (3x4h)
Annexure B, Tables B1-B8 of the policy document, National policy
pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the
National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, subject to the provi-
sos stipulated in paragraph 28 of the said policy document.
TOTAL 27,5

The allocated time per week may be utilised only for the minimum required NCS subjects as specified above,
and may not be used for any additional subjects added to the list of minimum subjects. Should a learner wish
to offer additional subjects, additional time must be allocated for the offering of these subjects.

CAPS 7

SECTION 2

2.1 The subject Tourism

Tourism is the study of the activities, services and industries that deliver a travel experience to groups or individuals.
It is the study of the expectations and behaviour of tourists, and the economic, social and environmental impact of
tourism on South Africa

The table below indicates the main topics in the Tourism curriculum:

1 Tourism sectors
2 Map work and tour planning
3 Tourism attractions
4 Sustainable and responsible tourism
5 Domestic, regional and international tourism
(in and out of South Africa)
6 Culture and heritage tourism
7 Foreign exchange
8 Communication and customer care
9 Marketing

2.2 Specific aims of Tourism

In the subject Tourism learners will study

• different types of tourists and the purpose of their travelling;

• the different tourism sectors, with special reference to transport, hospitality, travel organising and support
services, and the attraction sector;

• map work;

• foreign exchange concepts and the buying power of different foreign currencies;

• the influence of world time zones on travel;

• South Africa and the SADC countries as tourism destinations;

• world famous icons and World Heritage Sites;

• sustainable and responsible tourism;

• marketing of tourism products;

• technology in tourism;

• customer care and the value of service excellence; and

• tour planning.


2.3 Time allocation for the subject Tourism in the curriculum

The compulsory teaching time for Tourism is four hours per week. As this subject involves practical work which makes
up 25% of the end-of-year promotion or certification mark, the timetable should make provision for one double period
of 80 – 90 minutes per week during which learners can do practical work.

2.4 Requirements to offer the subject Tourism

2.4.1 What each learner should have

• a textbook

• Grade 10: a good quality colour road map of South Africa, indicating cities, towns, airports, harbours, etc. A
map of the local area or city is recommended.

• Grade 11: a good quality colour map of the SADC countries, indicating cities, towns, airports, harbours, etc.

• Grade 12: a political map of the world and a time zone map with the major cities of the world

• access to the White Paper on the Promotion and Development of Tourism in South Africa (1996) and the latest
version of the Tourism Growth Strategy,

• access to a variety of tourism magazines, brochures, tourist maps and advertising booklets such as hotel
brochures, booklets and maps of South Africa’s National Parks (SANParks)

It is recommended that the school subscribe to at least one tourism industry magazine and /or travel magazine, to
keep the teacher informed about new developments and the latest trends in the tourism industry. These resources
must be available in the classroom and not in the library. These magazines can also be accessed and read on the
internet.

2.4.2 Recommendations for the teacher

The teacher should have access to e-mail facilities and the internet. Because tourism is a dynamic industry with
changing trends and developments, it is essential for the teacher to source, download and print relevant and new
information, such as flight schedules, car-hire packages, tour packages, etc.

2.4.3 Recommendations for the Tourism classroom

A school should have a permanent classroom for tourism, not shared with other teachers.

It is recommended that the Tourism classroom

• has a magazine or brochure stand, shelving or similar facilities for storage or displays;

• has a political globe of the world to facilitate teaching of topics such as time zones and tourist attractions; and

• be equipped with audio-visual equipment such as a laptop, data projector and DVD player to view subject-
related DVDs.

The Tourism classroom should be secure, with doors that can be locked, and burglar-proofing where possible.
Enough cupboards should be available for safe storage of resources.

CAPS 9

SECTION 3

3.1 Overview of topics

For detailed information, refer to the annual teaching plans.
Topic Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12
Tourism sectors Introduction to Tourism Transport services in South • Professional image of staff in
Africa the tourism industry
• Types of tourists and tourist
profiles • Airports, airlines and airport • Conditions of employment
operations; technology at
• The different modes of • Contract of employment
airports to facilitate travel
transport
• Purpose and value of a code
• Tourism bus industry
• Accommodation of conduct
establishments: facilities and • Tourism train industry
services offered by each type;
• Luxury cruise liner industry
the South African grading
system • Car rental
• Food and beverage Job and career opportunities in
establishments the tourism industry
• The attraction sector • Requirements and inherent
qualities needed to work in
• Structure of the South African
the tourism industry
tourism industry
• Entrepreneurial
opportunities
Map work and • Map terminology and symbols Tour itinerary • Location of world-famous
tour planning icons on a colour map of the
• Types of maps • Concepts: itinerary, logical
world
tour planning, scheduled
• Location of South Africa’s
tours • Tour plans and route
borders, provinces, etc. on a
planning
colour map. • Factors to consider when
planning an itinerary • Compiling a day-by-day
• Location of South Africa
itinerary
and the SADC countries, • Different types of itineraries
continents, oceans, island • Compiling a tour budget
• Writing an itinerary
groups and tourism regions on
• Health and safety
a colour map of the world
• Travel documentation
• Distance indicators and
distance tables • World time zones
Tourism • Tourist attractions in the Main tourist attractions in the • World-famous icons and
attractions provinces of South Africa SADC countries attractions
• South African National Parks • Factors contributing to the
(SANParks) success of a tourist attraction
• South African fauna and flora

Sustainable and • Sustainable tourism concepts • Three pillars of sustainable
tourism
responsible • Three pillars of sustainable
tourism tourism (planet, people, profit) • Responsible tourists
• Responsible tourism concepts • Codes of conduct for tourist
behaviour
• Good environmental practices
• Demand for responsible
• Global warming and the
tourism.
tourism industry
• Role players in responsible
and sustainable tourism



Topic Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12
Domestic, Domestic tourism The Domestic Tourism Growth • Global events and
regional and Strategy unforeseen occurrences of
• Concepts
international international significance
• The seven domestic travel
tourism • Benefits for South Africa
market segments according • Forms of payment when
• Domestic tourism statistics to the Domestic Tourism travelling internationally
Growth Strategy
• Payment methods and • Foreign market share –
technology for payment in • Regional tourism. The statistics regarding inbound
South Africa SADC member countries international tourism

Culture and Culture and heritage • South African cultural World Heritage Sites
heritage tourism uniqueness
• Concepts, elements and • Concepts
importance of heritage • South African heritage
• The role of UNESCO: logo
bodies
• Heritage sites and main function
• Types of World Heritage
Sites: natural and cultural
• A description of all the World
Heritage Sites in South
Africa
Foreign • Foreign exchange and its • Foreign exchange
exchange value to the South African
• The concepts strong and
economy
weak rand
• Conversion of currencies
• Currency conversions
• Differentiation between bank
selling rate (BSR) and bank
buying rate (BBR)
• The effect of exchange rates
on international tourism
• Exchange rates fluctuations
Communication • Communication (verbal and • Global distribution systems • Methods to obtain customer
and customer written) feedback and measure
• Customer care for foreign
care customer satisfaction
• Communication technology tourists
(equipment) • Reasons why service differs
• Customer complaints
from one organisation to
• Service excellence: concepts,
• Managing quality service another
importance, advantages,
consequences and • Measuring customer
recommendations satisfaction
• Impact of the service
delivered by an organisation
on its business profitability
Marketing • Marketing of tourism products, • Promotional/advertising • Marketing South Africa as a
services and sites techniques tourism destination
• Factors to consider during the • Marketing budget
marketing process

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3.2 Teaching plans

• Each week/five-day cycle has a compulsory time allocation of four hours for the subject Tourism. The volume of
the content in a particular week is an approximate indication of how long it would take to teach this content, and
includes other class activities such as informal and formal assessment, working on a project and the practical
assessment task (PAT).

• Teaching plans are developed to be completed over a period of four terms consisting of ten weeks each.
Teachers should align their work schedules to the number of weeks in each term according to the school
calendar of the specific year

• The teaching plan indicates the framework of the content for the four hours of each week/five-day cycle, and
includes informal assessment and formal assessment (SBA). The sequence in which the content is taught
within the term is not compulsory and can be taught in any appropriate sequence.

• It is compulsory to teach the content in the term indicated.

• The following must be incorporated throughout the teaching of Tourism, whether it is indicated in the annual
teaching plan or not:

- Awareness of career opportunities

- Awareness of service excellence

- Awareness of South Africa as a tourist destination



Grade 10 Term 1 Formal assessment term 1:
Four hours per week, including Test 75%
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, Project OR
case studies; and
Field trip assignment 25%
• formal assessment, such the project and the test.
Topic Content
1 Tourism Introduction to tourism:
sectors
• What is tourism? The difference between inbound and outbound tourism
• Concepts: domestic tourism, regional tourism and international tourism
• What is a tourist?
• Why do people travel? (reasons)
• Their needs, preferences and expectations
2 Tourism Types of tourists and tourist profiles:
sectors
• Focus on the following types of tourists: visiting friends and relatives (VFR); leisure; adventure;
business; shopping; health; eco; cultural; religion; sport and recreation; education; special interest
tourists (SIT); incentive; backpacking/youth travel; gap year
• Drawing up a tourist profile
3 Tourism The different modes of transport:
sectors
The modes with relevant examples as below:
- Road: car, bus, coach, shuttle bus, metered taxi, minibus taxis, motor cycles
- Air: aeroplanes, helicopters, microlights
- Rail: trains, trams
- Water: luxury cruise liners, chartered boats, yachts
- Extraordinary modes of transport: camels, donkey carts, hot air balloons, bicycles
• Compare the modes of transport (road, air, rail, water) in terms of comfort, cost, safety, carrying
capacity, speed, reliability
• Advantages and disadvantages of the different modes of transport
4 Tourism Different types of accommodation establishments:
sectors
The facilities and services offered by each type
• Formal service accommodation: hotels, lodges and game lodges
• Guest accommodation: country houses, guest houses, bed-and-breakfasts (BBs)
• Self-catering accommodation: chalets, houses, cottages, apartments
• Caravan and camping establishments
• Backpacker accommodation and hostels
Facilities: what the tourist can make use of, such as a swimming pool, gymnasium, gift shop
Services: what the establishment can offer the tourist, such as laundry service, guided walks, shuttle
service, 24-hour security
The South African grading system for accommodation establishments:
• Overview of the star grading system in South Africa (exact requirements for each type of
establishment is not required)
• The role of the Tourism Grading Council of South Africa (TGCSA)
• Benefits/advantages of grading for the tourists and the accommodation establishments
• Procedure to follow to be graded
• Logos that may be displayed upon grading

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5 Tourism Concepts and terminology used in accommodation establishments:
sectors
• Concepts: double room, twin room, family room, suite, penthouse, per person, per person sharing,
en suite, fully inclusive, single supplement, continental breakfast, English breakfast, buffet, a la
carte, room service
• Abbreviations – pp, pps, pppn, pppd
In-room technology:
• Technology for entertainment: movies/videos/DVDs on demand, internet, games, music, paid
satellite TV channels
• Technology for information: interactive TV for information on hotel facilities, menus, nearby
attractions, weather forecasts, view messages, view hotel bill, wake-up calls
• Technology for safety: electronic safe, electronic door locks, electronic key cards
• Technology for comfort: occupancy sensors to control and pre-set lighting and room temperature,
mini-bar with electronic sensors to monitor consumption, heated towel rails, bathroom extractor
fans, remote-controlled TV/DSTV/air conditioners/curtains
• Technology for work: interactive TV for accessing internet and e-mail, international multi-power
point/plug, HSIA (high-speed internet access), hotspot internet access and Wi-Fi, telephone
• Technology for environmental responsibility: electricity activation using electronic key card,
digital temperature-controlled showers, energy-efficient night lights in bathroom, occupancy sensors
to turn off lights
6 Tourism Food and beverage establishments:
sectors
• Concepts: full-service restaurants (fine-dining restaurants and family restaurants serving food and
alcohol), coffee shops, fast-food/quick-service establishments, pubs/bars, dessert/ice-cream stores,
taverns/shebeens, street stalls and street markets
7 Tourism The attraction sector:
sectors
• Concepts: attractions, attraction subsectors such as gaming and lotteries, leisure, conservation,
sport and recreation, events and conferences
• Types of tourist attractions (concepts: man-made and natural)
• Primary and secondary tourist attractions. (Example: The primary attraction was the Fifa World Cup,
but secondary attractions were visits to game parks, museums, etc.)
• Activities offered at tourist attractions. (Example: The Drakensberg is a natural attraction, but the
activities for the tourist are hiking, bird-watching, etc.)
• Linking the type of attraction to the appeal it would have for particular types of tourists



8 Tourism The structure of the South African tourism industry: (basic knowledge)
sectors
Tourism is a partnership between the public sector, private sector and the communities living in the
areas where tourism takes place.
The public sector (government): The public sector includes the government at national, provincial,
district and local levels.
• National Department of Tourism (NDT)
- Provincial tourism departments
- Provincial tourism authorities
- Regional destination marketing organisations (DMOs)
- District municipalities/Metro/Municipal (DMOs)
- Local tourism organisations (LTOs)
• Other government departments:
- Department of Home Affairs (for passport applications)
- International Relations and Cooperation (visa applications and emergency assistance in foreign
countries at consulates and embassies)
- Statistics SA (for statistical information)
- Department of Trade and Industry, Department of Economic Development (SMME
development)
- Department of Sports and Recreation (events)
- Department of Transport (Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa)
• State-owned enterprises (parastatals): SA Airways; SA Express Airways
• Partly state-owned agencies: Tourism Enterprise Partnership (TEP)
• Public entities (“agencies”), such as SATourism, SANParks, Culture, Arts, Tourism, Hospitality and
Sport Sector Education and Training Authority (CATHSSETA), National Gambling Board, Airports
Company South Africa (ACSA), SA Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA)
9 Tourism Private sector (basic knowledge)
sectors
• Tourism product owners such as tour operators, travel agents, conference organisers, travel
publications, travel insurance companies, souvenir shops, restaurants or any other business that
makes a profit through tourism
• Local communities: share in job creation, development, better roads and schools
• South African non-governmental organisations (NGOs), community-based organisations (CBOs),
tourism business and professional associations:
(The logo, main function and most important service offered by each)
- TBCSA: Tourism Business Council of South Africa
- TGCSA: Tourism Grading Council of South Africa
- FTTSA: Fair Trade in Tourism SA
- SATSA: South African Tourism Services Association
- FEDHASA: Federated Hospitality Association of South Africa
- ASATA: Association of Southern African Travel Agents
- SAACI: The Southern African Association for the Conference Industry
- SAVRALA: The Southern African Vehicle Renting and Leasing Association
- SAYTC: South Africa Youth Travel Confederation
• The international community, e.g. WTO, WTTC, SADC, WWF

CAPS 15

10 Domestic, Technology used for payment in South Africa
regional and
Payment methods
international
tourism Advantages and disadvantages. Identify/select the most appropriate form of payment based on the
situation
• Internet payments
• ATM payments
• Cellphone payments
• Speed point machines (fixed and portable)
• Credit cards (Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Diners Club)
• Debit cards (SA Travel Card)
• Cheques
Suggestions for project in term 1
Choose one of the following themes:
• Choose two types of tourists, draw up their profiles and link their needs and preferences to accommodation, food and
beverage establishments in your town, city or nearby city
• Food and beverage establishments in the capital city of my province: focus on types of food outlets, facilities and services
offered.
• Accommodation establishments in the capital city of my province: focus on types of accommodation, grading status,
facilities and services offered.
• In-room technology used in accommodation establishments
• Field trip assignment. Choose an attraction or establishment linked to the Grade 10 curriculum.



• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, Midyear examination 75%
case studies;
PAT term 2:
• formal assessment: test; and
Hand in first phase.
• work on the PAT.
Topic Content
1 Map work and Map terminology and map symbols
tour planning
• Concepts such as scale, direction, distance indicators, legends, map grid references,
equator, hemispheres, north pole, south pole, latitude, longitude, time zones, Universal Time
Coordinate (UTC), International Date Line (IDL)
Resources: Different types of colour maps, as needed for all sections on map work and tour planning
2 Map work and Different types of maps in a tourism context
tour planning
Give an example and explanation of the type of map and its uses and value in tourism.
• A variety of maps used in tourism context: road and street maps, political maps, physical
maps, specialist maps (reflecting climate, airports, railways, etc.), tourist information maps
(National Parks, World Heritage Sites, tourist attractions in specific areas, hiking trails,
meanders)
• Electronic maps: global positioning systems (GPS), Google street maps, Google Earth
and other ICT resources: Computers or smart phones can be used to access examples of
electronic maps.
3 Map work and Location of the following on a colour map of South Africa:
tour planning
• South Africa’s borders, provinces, capital cities, international airports, harbours, national
highways, gateways, major mountains, rivers and dams
4 Map work and Location of the following on a colour map of the world:
tour planning
• South Africa and the SADC countries
• Seven continents: Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctica
• Three oceans: Indian; Atlantic, Pacific
• Island groups: Mediterranean, Caribbean, Indian Ocean
• Tourism regions:
- Far East, Middle East, South East Asia and Pacific
- Russia
- United Kingdom
- Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Northern Europe (Scandinavian and
Nordic countries)
- Americas: South America (Brazil, Argentina, Honduras, Chile), North America (Mexico,
USA, Canada, Alaska)
- Australasia: Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, neighbouring islands in the
Pacific Ocean
5 Map work and Distance indicators and distance tables:
tour planning
• Distance indicators on maps to determine travel distances
• Distance tables to determine distances between
- the towns/cities in your province; and
- South Africa’s major cities.
• Link between the distance and the time spent travelling. (Drive approximately 100 km in one
hour.)

CAPS 17

6 Domestic, Domestic tourism:
regional and
• The concept domestic tourism
international
tourism • Benefits of domestic tourism for South Africa (focus on the economy, people and
environment)
• The Sho’t Left campaign to promote domestic tourism in South Africa
Resources: www.southafrica.net/shotleft or SA Tourism call centre: 083 123 6789
7 Domestic, Domestic tourism statistics:
regional and
• Concepts: statistics, intra-provincial travel versus inter-provincial travel
international
tourism • Interpretation of statistics such as purpose of trips, most visited provinces, length of stay in
each province, average expenditure per tourist, seasonality, activities undertaken
Resources: www.southafrica.net or www.statssa.gov.za
8-10 Midyear examinations



Grade 10 term 3 Assessment term 3
Four hours per week, including Test/open-book test 25%
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; Test 75%
• formal assessment: test and open-book test; and PAT term 3:
• work on the PAT. Hand in phase 2
Topic Content
1 Tourist Tourist attractions in South Africa: (*World heritage sites)
attractions South Africa’s tourist information relating to climate, rainfall, capital cities, main languages, airports and
harbours in tourism context
Tourists attractions in the provinces of South Africa under the following headings: Location (proximity to
the nearest city or town), short description (main focus of this attraction and a few points of interest)
Eastern Cape attractions: Addo Elephant National Park, National Arts Festival Grahamstown, Great
Fish River (canoeing), the world’s highest bungee jumping at Bloukrans
Free State attractions: Vredefort Dome*, Golden Gate Highland National Park
Gauteng attractions: Cradle of Humankind*, Apartheid Museum, Gold Reef City, Soweto (heritage)
2 Tourist KZN attractions: iSimangaliso (Greater St Lucia) Wetland Park*, Ukahlamba-Drakensberg Park*,
Durban Beachfront (The Golden Mile/Marine Parade), uShaka Marine World, Comrades Marathon,
attractions
sardine run
Limpopo attractions: Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape*, Kruger National Park, African Ivory Route
3 Tourist Mpumalanga attractions: the Panorama Route (Pilgrim’s Rest, Blyde River Canyon, God’s Window,
Bourke’s Luck Potholes)
attractions
Northern Cape attractions: Kimberley Big Hole and Mine Museum, Roaring sand of Witsand Nature
Reserve, Namaqualand floral beauty, South African Large Telescope (SALT) in Sutherland
North West attractions: Sun City and Lost City, Lesedi cultural village, Pilanesberg Game Reserve,
Aardklop Arts Festival
4 Tourist Western Cape attractions: Table Mountain, Victoria and Alfred (VA) Waterfront, Robben Island*,
Garden Route, wine routes, Cango Caves and ostrich farms, Cape Argus Cycle Tour, Klein Karoo
attractions
National Arts Festival

5 Tourist South African fauna and flora as a tourist attraction:
attractions • Concepts: biodiversity, environment (natural, physical, cultural, manmade), ecosystem, species,
fauna and flora, wildlife, habitat, endangered, red data list, extinct, indigenous, alien, threatened,
culling, poaching, legal hunting, mass tourism, over-consumption in tourism context
South African National Parks (SANParks):
• What is a national park? Why do tourists visit national Parks?
• Kruger National Park (flagship): Concepts: Main rest camps (refer to Skukuza as administrative
headquarters and the largest camp), bushveld camps, overnight hides, bush lodges, luxury lodges.
Mention main activities offered by the park
• The following national parks (Location on a map, main conservation focus of each park):
- Addo Elephant, Augrabies, Bontebok, Golden Gate, Garden Route (Tsitsikamma, Knysna,
Wilderness), Mountain Zebra, Namaqua, Table Mountain, West Coast.
• Transfrontier parks (Location on a map): What is a transfrontier park?
- Ai Ais Richtersveld, Kgalagadi, Greater Limpopo.
• Transfrontier conservation areas: What is a transfrontier conservation area? Names and countries
involved:
- Limpopo-Shashe (SA, Zimbabwe and Botswana) Maluti-Drakensberg (Lesotho and SA).

CAPS 19

6 Tourist Luxury private game reserves: What is a luxury private game reserve? Type of tourist who will visit this
attractions type of attraction, exclusive services and experiences a tourist can expect
• Exclusive services and experiences offered by the following: Shamwari, Madikwe, Phinda, Sabi
Sabi
National botanical gardens: what is a botanical garden? Why do tourists visit botanical gardens?
• Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens: facilities and activities (flagship).
• All other national botanical gardens (only names and location on a map)
7 Sustainable Sustainable tourism:
and
• Concept: sustainability, sustainable practices in tourism businesses
responsible
tourism • The need for sustainable practices in tourism businesses
• The three pillars of sustainable tourism (planet, people, profit)
- Environmental: impact of tourism businesses on the natural environment
- Social: impact of tourism businesses on local communities
- Economic: impact of tourism businesses on local communities
Resources: case studies of sustainable practices in tourism businesses www.tourism.gov.za
8 Sustainable Responsible tourism:
and
• The concept: responsible tourist behaviour towards the environment
responsible
tourism • Negative impact of tourism on environment and host community
• Rules for tourist behaviour in the natural environment
• Good environmental practices such as litter control, conservation of energy, water and other scarce
resources
• The benefits of good environmental practices for the tourism industry
Resources: case studies of positive or negative tourist behaviour towards the natural environment
9 Sustainable Global warming and the tourism industry:
and
• The concept: global warming, carbon footprint
responsible
tourism • Causes of global warming (rise in the temperature of the earth)
• Consequences of climate change on the tourism industry
• How accommodation establishments can minimise their carbon footprint through sustainable and
responsible tourism practices
• How tourists can minimise their carbon footprint
Resources: www.tourism.gov.za
10 Marketing Marketing of tourism products, services and sites:
• Concepts: marketing, market research, target markets, market share, competitive edge, core and
niche markets
• The purpose of marketing tourism products and services
• Market research:
- The process of market research: consider factors such as the potential customer, broader target
market, competition, distribution of products, financing, marketing mix (the five “Ps” of marketing
mix: product, promotion, price, place, people)
- Resources required for market research (budget for outsourcing to dedicated research
specialists, cooperative research groups, individual research)
- Managing market research (set time frames, target dates, implementation dates)


Grade 10 term 4
Four hours per week, including
• informal assessment, such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, case studies; and
• review and reinforcement activities.
Topic Content
1 Culture and Culture and heritage:
heritage
Concepts: culture, heritage, cultural diversity
• Elements of culture, such as architecture, interiors, arts and crafts, cuisine, music and dance
• The importance and value of conserving heritage for future generations
2 Culture and Heritage sites in South Africa:
heritage
• Cultural heritage sites, such as monuments, museums, historical buildings, graveyards,
paleontological objects
• Natural heritage sites, such as mountains, waterfalls, caves
• The difference between local, provincial and national heritage sites
• Examples of heritage sites in own province
• The heritage plaque which identifies sites declared national heritage sites
Resources: local tourism information centres.
3 Communication Communication technology:
and customer
• The various types of equipment and technology used to communicate in a tourism business
care
environment: landline telephones, cellphones, fax machines, photocopying machines,
printers and computers (including email, videoconferencing and teleconferencing)
• Functions, advantages and disadvantages of each
4 Communication Communication: verbal and written
and customer
• Written communication used in the tourism industry, including e-mail and email netiquette,
care
websites, SMS messaging, social networks such as Facebook and Twitter for marketing
purposes, faxes, memos, surveys, questionnaires
• Verbal communication used in the tourism industry; business communication etiquette
in different situations in the tourism industry; face-to-face and telephonic; landlines and
cellphones
• Tourism road and information signs as a way of communication in the tourism industry
5 Communication Service excellence:
and customer
• Concepts: service, service excellence
care
• The importance and value for a tourism business to provide quality service
• The advantages of excellent service delivery
- for a business
- for a tourist
• The consequences of poor service delivery
• Recommendations for improvement of poor service delivery
Resources: case studies relating to service delivery
6-7 Review and reinforcement activities in class to assess the learners’ grasp of the learning mate-
rial. Examples of activities may include a class quiz, games, short tests, drawing concept maps,
class competitions, working through previous question papers, etc.
8-10 End-of--year examinations

CAPS 21

SBA 25% PAT 25% EXAMINATION 50%
Term 1 100 Practical assessment task 1 50 Written examination 200
Term 2 100 Practical assessment task 2 50
Term 3 100
300 convert to 100 100 200
Total mark: 100 + 100 + 200 = 400 ÷ 4 = 100



• informal assessment, such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, Project OR
case studies; and
Field trip assignment 25%
• formal assessment, such as guidance on the project and writing the test.
Topic Content
1 Tourism Transport services in South Africa:
sectors
Airports, airlines and airport operations:
• Concepts: gateway, inbound, outbound, domestic flights, regional flights, inter-continental flights,
transcontinental flights, transatlantic flights, connecting flights, long-haul flights, medium-haul flights,
short-haul flights, chartered flights, international airports, national airports, privately owned airports and
private landing strips in tourism context
2 Tourism South Africa’s international and national airports:
sectors
• Location on a map.
• International status of airport (cargo only or passenger and cargo)
• Airports operated by Airports Company of South Africa (ACSA)
• Airlines operating in South Africa, such as SA’s national carrier, budget airlines, international carriers
operating in South Africa
• Interpretation of airline timetables / schedules
3 Tourism Airport terminology:
sectors
• Airport (landside, terminal, airside), gate, check-in counter, speed check-in kiosks, boarding pass, gate,
security control points, boarding, carousel, baggage claim area
• Check-in procedures, boarding procedures
• Baggage allowances (domestic flights)
• Safety procedures before take-off
Aircraft terminology:
• Aisle, galley, cockpit, overhead storage bins, tray tables, cargo hold, entertainment and oxygen masks.
Seating configuration in an aircraft:
• Wide- and narrow body aircrafts. Travel class sections (business class, economy class). Locating your
seat in an aircraft. Aisle seats and window seats, emergency exit seats (focus on the type of aircraft
used by the airlines operating in South Africa).
4 Tourism Technology used at airports:
sectors
• Technology at airports to facilitate travel, such as baggage wrap equipment, x-ray security scanners,
biometric scanners, thermal body scanners, metal detectors, information display boards, touch screen
information systems. Include any new developments
• The use of PDIs (Personal Digital Assistants / Smartphones) for air travel (“iTravel”) (electronic informa-
tion, e.g. travel documents, tickets, identification, boarding passes). Include any new developments.
5 Tourism The tourism bus industry:
sectors
• Major tourist transporters, different types of buses: minibuses, coaches, megabuses, sleeper coaches,
special purpose buses such as open-top buses for sightseeing
• Information provided on bus schedules
6 Tourism The tourism train industry:
sectors
• Difference between commuter trains (Metrorail) and tourists trains such as Shosholoza Meyl
• Terminology: schedule, coaches, coupé, compartment, lounges, tourist class, economy class, bedding
tickets, dining car
• Heritage/novelty/scenic tourist trains
• Luxury trains such as Blue Train, Rovos Rail, Shongololo Express, Premier Classe (http://premier-
classe.co.za)
• Information provided on train schedules

CAPS 23


7 Tourism The Gautrain:
sectors
• Interesting features such as exterior and interior appearance, security, speed
• Gautrain technology such as ticketing procedures, electronic boarding procedures, electronic arrival
and departure announcements
• Routes, parking facilities and bus service linked to the Gautrain
• Benefits for the tourism industry
Include any new developments
8 Tourism The luxury cruise liner industry:
sectors
• Concepts: port, cruise terminal, state rooms, cabins, suites, decks
• Facilities and entertainment on board
• Information provided on luxury cruise liner packages
Resources: www.starlightcruises.co.za
9 Tourism Car rental:
sectors
• Introduction to the car rental industry in South Africa (use major car rental companies in South Africa)
• Conditions for renting a vehicle (age, driver’s licence, creditworthy, signing of contract)
• Different rental packages/options
• Insurances: CDW, TLW v/s SCDW, STLW and PAI
• Additional costs and charges: tourism levy, fuel deposits and charges, airport surcharges, additional
driver charges, contract fee, delivery and collection charges, cross-border fees, optional equipment
• Incidental costs: administration fee for accidents, traffic fines
10 Tourism • Payment options and payment methods for car rental
sectors
• Car rental calculations (for quotations)
• Comparative calculations based on various rental options
• Air transport in South Africa (in tourism context)
• Technology at airports to facilitate travel (in tourism context)
• The train industry in South Africa (in tourism context)
• The luxury cruise liner industry in South Africa
• The Gautrain and its contribution to the tourism industry in South Africa
• Field trip assignment: Choose an attraction, establishment or destination linked to the Grade 11 curriculum.



• informal assessment, such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; Midyear examination 75%
• formal assessment: test; and PAT term 2:
• work on the PAT. Hand in first phase of PAT
Topic Content
1 Domestic, The Domestic Tourism Growth Strategy - DTGS (latest version)
regional and
• Concept: growth strategy
international
tourism • Objectives for promoting domestic tourism: sustainable tourism sector growth and
development, tourism sector transformation, people empowerment and job creation
• Ways to meet objectives such as increasing expenditure (more trips, length of stay, average
trip expenditure), reducing seasonality (year- round travel, more trips outside of school
holidays), improving the geographic spread of tourism (more trips to less popular provinces),
increasing volumes (get more South Africans to travel), utilising events to encourage year-
round travel, improving safety and reducing crime
Resources: http://www.info.gov.za
2 Domestic The seven domestic travel market segments according to the Domestic Tourism Growth
Strategy
regional and
international • Concepts: segments, segment profiles, established segments, emerging segments, untapped
segments
tourism
• Reasons for segmentation of domestic tourists
• The seven segments: young and upcoming, independent young couples and families, striving
families, well-off homely couples, home-based low-income couples, older families with basic
needs, golden active couples (focus on the profile of the segment and the type of holiday/
travel they prefer)
• Segment statistics: size of the segment, when they travel, length of stay, who they travel with,
transport they use
• Match the segments to the seven products: city breaks, mountain escapes, coastal getaways,
bush retreats, countryside meanders, cultural discoveries, event wonders
Resources:www.wowinteractive.co.za
3-4 Culture and The South African cultural uniqueness:
heritage
• The tourism importance of the cultures in your province that attract tourists to South Africa,
such as folklore, dress and cuisine of different cultural groups, practices such as gumboot
dancing (mine culture), township kwaito art, sangomas, traditional medicine and traditional
healing, small chiefdoms with traditional leaders, Ndebele art, Zulu dances in traditional attire,
rickshaws, San, art festivals
• How cultural uniqueness and diversity in South Africa can promote inbound and domestic
tourism
5 Culture and South African heritage bodies:
heritage
• South African Heritage Resource Agency (SAHRA): logo and functions
• Provincial heritage agencies
• Awareness of special heritage permits and protection regulations (structures older than 60
years, archaeological and paleontological sites and materials, meteorites, shipwrecks, burial
grounds, graves)
Resources: www.sahra.org.za

CAPS 25

6 Foreign Foreign exchange and its value to the South African economy:
exchange
Currencies
• Concepts: local currency, foreign currency, foreign exchange, exchange rate, informal
fluctuations
• Major currencies of the world, their currency codes and symbols: US dollar, Euro, British
pound, Japanese yen, Australian dollar, South African rand
• Facilities where foreign currency can be exchanged, e.g. foreign exchange bureaus,
commercial banks, etc.
• How does money spent by inbound international tourists benefit local people? Directly and
indirectly - the multiplier effect
7 Foreign • Interpret a currency rate sheet from a foreign exchange bureau.
exchange
• Convert the major currencies to South African rand.
• Convert South African rand into a selected currency to understand currency difference.
(Calculators may be used for calculations – round off to two decimals, e.g. R34, 56.)
8 –10 Mid-year examinations



Grade 11 term 3 Formal assessment term 3
Four hours per week, including Open-book test / test 25%
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; Test 75%
• work on the PAT. Hand in PAT phase 2
Topic Content
1 Domestic, Regional tourism:
regional and
• Concepts: regional tourism, South African Development Community (SADC)
international
tourism • The SADC member countries and their location and capital cities on a map (use the latest
membership information available)
• Gateways: the accessibility of each country from South Africa (by road, air or water) and the major
airport, harbour and border post of the country (tourism context)
• Role of the Regional Tourism Organisation of Southern Africa (Retosa)
• Advantages of regional tourism for South Africa and the SADC member states
Resources: clear, colour road map of South Africa and the SADC countries
SADC website www.sadc.int for updated information on SADC member countries
2 Tourism Main tourist attractions in the SADC countries: (*World Heritage Sites)
attractions
Present in a tourism context
Location on a map, reasons why it is considered a top tourist attraction, activities, pictures/photos,
relevant tourist information
• Angola: Kissama National Park
• Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe National Park, The Tsodilo Hills*
• Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): Kahuzi-Biega National Park*, Virunga National Park*,
Salonga National Park *
3 Tourism • Lesotho: Maluti Mountains, Basotho pony trails, Katse Dam and Lesotho Highlands Water Project,
attractions Sani Pass
• Madagascar:Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve*, Royal Hills of Ambohimanga*
• Mauritius: Grand Baie, Chamarel Falls and the coloured earths of Chamarel, Tamarin Bay
4 Tourism • Mozambique: Cahora Bassa Dam, Lake Niassa, Bazaruto Archipelago, Island of Mozambique*
attractions
• Namibia: Fish River Canyon, Etosha National Park, Namib Desert, Skeleton Coast
• Malawi: Lake Malawi, Liwonde National Park
5 Tourism • Seychelles: Beaches and leisure activities on the islands
attractions
• Swaziland: Hlane Royal National Park, Royal Swazi Sun Hotel, Mkhaya Game Reserve
• Tanzania: Mount Kilimanjaro*, Serengeti National Park, Stone Town of Zanzibar*, Ngorongoro
Conservation Area*
6 Tourism • Zambia: Victoria Falls and Zambezi River, Livingstone, Lake Kariba, Kafue National Park
attractions
• Zimbabwe: Victoria Falls and Zambezi River, Hwange National Park, Lake Kariba, The Great
Zimbabwe Ruins*, Matopo Hills*, Mana Pools National Park*

CAPS 27

7 Map work and The tour itinerary:
tour planning
• Concepts: itinerary, logical tour planning, scheduled tours
• Factors to consider when planning an itinerary
• Different types of itineraries
• The writing of an itinerary
• Example:

Day Time* Transport Accommodation Attractions Activities Budget
(optional)

• *times may be included, but the main focus should be on the logical spread, variety and
appropriateness of tourist activities
8 Marketing Different types of promotional/advertising techniques used in the tourism industry:
• Above-the-line promotional techniques: conventional media tools such as renting space on
television, in newspapers, and magazines, on posters and on radio. Printed material such as
brochures, flyers, pamphlets, posters, bill boards, meander maps. Electronic advertising such
as video walls, audio-visual presentations, digital displays, cellphone advertising, web-based
advertising
• Below-the-line promotional techniques: personal selling, sales promotions, in-store discounts,
promotional sponsorship, exhibitions, shows and expos
Match the type of promotion/advertising to the potential customer.
9 Marketing The marketing budget: costs related to marketing
• market research
• communication costs (printing, telephone, fax, internet)
• Travel costs (local and overseas travel, vehicle and flight costs)
• Personnel costs
10 Communication Global distribution systems: (The names and what they are used for)
and customer
• What is a Global Distribution System (GDS)?
care
• Examples of the major global GDSs, such as Amadeus, Galileo, Worldspan
Central reservation systems:
• What is a Central Reservation System (CRS)?
• Examples used in South Africa: Micros-Fidelio Opera



Grade 11 term 4
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, case studies; and
Topic Content
1 Communication Customer care for foreign tourists:
and customer
• Ways in which foreigners should be treated and assisted so that they enjoy their stay in
care
South Africa
• The need to respect traditions, customs and behaviour of visitors to South Africa
• Ways to communicate effectively with visitors from diverse cultural backgrounds
• Ways in which the tourism industry in South Africa will benefit from excellent customer care
2 Communication Customer complaints:
and customer
• In person/verbal (telephone, cellphone) and written (letters, faxes, SMSs, on website)
care
• The value of customer complaints to a business (complaints as an opportunity for
improvement)
• The six steps for dealing with verbal customer complaints:
- Listen carefully to what the customer has to say, and let them finish.
- Ask questions in a caring and concerned manner,
- Apologise without blaming.
- Solve the problem immediately.
- Offer the customer something such as an upgrade, a free product, extra discounts, full
refunds.
- Thank the customer for informing you about the problem.
• Constructive criticism, handling of criticism in a mature manner
3 Communication Managing quality service:
and customer
• Types of strategies used by companies/organisations to achieve and maintain quality
care
service, such as performance management, quality control checks, customer surveys,
team and peer reviews, in-service training
• How services delivered in one sector impact on services delivered in another sector
4 Tourism sectors Job and career opportunities in the tourism sectors, subsectors and related services:
• Transport, hospitality (accommodation and food), tourism attractions (gaming and lotteries,
leisure, conservation, sport and recreation), events and conferences, tourism services,
travel trade sectors
5 Tourism sectors • The requirements and inherent qualities (personal characteristics) to work in a particular
sector in the tourism industry. A learner should choose any tourism sector, or a career in
any tourism sector, to study according to his/her own interests
• Personality type, characteristics and essential skills
6 Tourism sectors Entrepreneurial opportunities in tourism:
• The concept entrepreneur
• Skills needed to be an entrepreneur
• Identification of products or services suitable for entrepreneurial opportunities
• Opportunities to start your own tourism business
7 Review and reinforcement activities in class to assess the learners’ grasp of the learning
material. Examples of activities may include a class quiz, games, short tests, drawing concept
maps, class competitions, working through previous question papers, etc.
8-10 End-of-year examinations

CAPS 29

Term 1 100 Practical assessment task 1 50 Written examination 200
Term 3 100
300 convert to 100 100 200
Total mark: 100 + 100 + 200 = 400 ÷ 4 = 100



• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; and Project 25%
• formal assessment such as guidance on the project and writing the test.
Topic Content
1 Domestic, Global events of international significance:
regional and
• Concept: Global event
international
tourism - Sporting events: 2010 FIFA World Cup, Wimbledon, Comrades, Tour de France, Olympic
Games.
- Other events: G8 Summit, Summits on climate change (to be mentioned as examples, do not
study the events as such).
• The positive and negative impact of global events on international tourism
• The impact of hosting a global event on
- domestic tourism in the host country
- the economy of the host country
• The advantages and disadvantages for the host country (within a tourism context): development
in infrastructural services, investment, foreign exchange income, the multiplier effect
Resources: Recent information should be accessed from the media.
2 Domestic, Political situations and unforeseen occurrences of international significance:
regional and
• Concepts: political situation and unforeseen occurrence
international
tourism • Examples of recent political situations, such as civil war, terrorism, general unrest
• Examples of unforeseen occurrences such as tsunamis, earthquakes and other natural disasters,
the global recession, diseases, accidents and economic upsets
(Identify recent examples; do not study the political situations and unforeseen occurrences as
such).
• The impact of these situations and occurrences on international tourism and the economy of the
affected country
Resources: Recent information should be accessed from the media.
3 Map work and Tour plans and route planning:
tour planning
• Develop tour plans to suit specific tourists’ profiles, available budget and time.
• Route planning
4 Map work and • Choice of transport and accommodation to suit customers’ needs and preferences
tour planning
• Choice of tourist attractions and activities to suit tourist profiles
Resources: A colour road map of South Africa and the SADC countries, brochures of
accommodation and tourist attractions, internet
5 Map work and Compiling a day-by-day itinerary:
tour planning
• The main aspects of an itinerary (description of transport, accommodation, attractions and
activities, including stops for meals)
• Factors to consider when drawing up an itinerary (focus on logical planning)
• Drawing up itineraries according to different scenarios
Example:

Day Time* Transport Accommo- Attractions Activities Budget
dation

(*times may be included, but the main focus should be on the logical spread, variety and appropriateness
of activities)

CAPS 31

6 Map work Compiling a tour budget:
and tour
• Factors influencing the development of a budget
planning
• Develop a basic tour budget. Indicate expenses for travel, accommodation, meals, visiting tourist
attractions, shopping and tips.
7 Map work Health
and tour
• Concepts: World Health Organisation (WHO), health certificates, travel clinics, compulsory and
planning
recommended vaccinations
• Precautions to take when travelling to high-risk destinations (malaria, bilharzia, cholera areas).
Vaccinations required for entering/leaving areas of high risk, such as yellow fever, hepatitis
• TB and HIV/Aids risks for inbound tourists
• Recommended health precautions for tourists visiting health risk areas, such as bottled water, sun
block, preventative medicine
Safety
• Reasons why the safety of tourists in South Africa is important
• General safety precautions for tourists: in car, in public areas / street, in hotel room, at the airport,
after dark
8 Map work Travel documentation:
and tour
• Travel documents required when visiting a given country, valid passport, visa and health certificate
planning
(cholera and yellow fever). Requirements for tourists travelling between countries
• How to obtain an international driver’s license
• Passport: requirements for obtaining a passport, completion of an application form
• Visa: requirements for obtaining a visa, completion of a application form
• Concepts: duty free goods, prohibited goods, green channel, red channel, to declare, travel allow-
ances
• Customs regulations when departing from or arriving in South Africa. Access to and interpreting of
customs information.
• Resources: The GSA Travel Agents’ Sales Guide, the internet
9 Map work World time zones:
and tour
• Concepts: Time zone, UTC, Greenwich, hemispheres, equator and seasons, standard time, local
planning
time, the international date line, the 24-hour clock (00:00– 23:59), latitude, longitude
• Introduction to a world time zone map
• Concept: Daylight saving time (DST). Reasons for this practice
• The impact of time zones and daylight saving on travel planning and travelling
10 Map work Calculations of world times when travelling between countries:
and tour
• Calculations to determine arrival time and departure time with and without DST and flying time (a
planning
time zone map must be provided. Learners are not required to know which countries apply DST)
• Concepts: jet lag and jet fatigue. Symptoms of jet lag. How to minimise and ease the effects of jet
lag
• Choose a current global event, political situation or any unforeseen occurrence and discuss tourism-related issues such
as the influence on tourism, the economy of that country, etc.
• Compile a complete visa application package for a SA school leaver who wants to visit London for a three-month holiday.
• Conduct a customer satisfaction survey for a tourism-related business in your town. Design the survey questionnaire.
Analyse the findings and write a report for the owner of the business.
• Design a PowerPoint presentation to show in class on world time zones.
• Field trip assignment. Choose an attraction, establishment or destination linked to Grade 12 curriculum.



Grade 12 term 2 Formal assessment term 2:
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; Midyear examination 75%
• work on the PAT. Hand in phase 1.
Topic Content
1 Tourist Famous world icons and attractions: (*World heritage Sites)
attractions
• The difference between a tourist attraction and an icon
• Reasons why specific tourism attractions and/or physical features are regarded as icons. The eco-
nomic significance of icons for a country/area
• Profile and statistics of tourists visiting these icons
Study the icons listed below under the following headings: location on a world map (country, city/
town/area), reason/s why is it an icon, brief description of the icon, picture of the icon
• Australia: Sydney Opera House*, Ayers Rock/Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park*
• Brazil: The Statue of Christ the Redeemer or Corcovado (Rio de Janeiro)
• Canada: Niagara Falls
• Italy: *Colosseum (Rome), Leaning Tower of Pisa (Piazza del uomo)*, Venice*, Vatican City
2 Tourist • Egypt: *The great pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx
attractions
• Germany: Berlin Wall, Black Forest
• China: The Great Wall of China*
• Israel: The Dome of the Rock, the Wailing Wall
• Greece: The Parthenon (Athens)
• India: The Taj Mahal* (Agra)
• Turkey: Blue Mosque (Istanbul)
3 Tourist • France: The Eiffel Tower, the French Riviera
attractions
• Japan: Mount Fuji
• Mexico : Chichen Itza (Yucatan)*
• Jordan: Petra*
• Nepal: Mount Everest
• Saudi Arabia: Mecca
• Switzerland: The Swiss Alps (Jungfrau-Aletsch)*
• Netherlands: Windmills
• Peru: Machu Picchu* (Cuzcu)
• Poland: Auschwitz*
4 Tourist • Portugal: The Algarve
attractions
• Spain: Alcázar of Segovia, bullfights
• Thailand: Floating markets
• Russia: The Kremlin*, the Red Square* (Moscow)
• United Kingdom: *Big Ben (Palace of Westminster*), Buckingham Palace, Tower of London*, London
Bridge
• United States of America: The Statue of Liberty* (New York), the Grand Canyon* (Arizona)

CAPS 33

5 Tourist Factors contributing to the success of a tourist attraction:
attractions
• Excellent marketing of tourism products locally and/or internationally, sustainable and responsible
management plans, efficiency and ethical behaviour of staff and management, positive experience
of visitors, safety and crime prevention, general appearance and upkeep of the attraction, consider-
ing the needs of people with disabilities, universal access
• Characteristics of a successful tourist attraction: actual number of visitors exceeds the target
number of visitors, repeat visits; income generated exceeds target figures; positive impact on local
community and environment
6 Foreign Foreign exchange
exchange
• The term “gross domestic product” (GDP) and its benefits to the South African economy
• The multiplier effect and link to the GDP
• The concept “strong” and “weak” rand
• The relative strength and relative weakness of a currency at specific times
• Interpret a currency rate sheet
• Convert the major currencies to South African rand and convert South African Rand into selected
currencies to understand the buying power of different currencies. (Use only exchange rates ex-
pressed as 1unit of foreign currency = value in rand, i.e. 1USD = R 7, 60. Calculators may be used
for calculations – rounded off to two decimals, e.g. R34, 56.)
7 Foreign • Differentiate between bank selling rate (BSR) and bank buying rate (BBR)
exchange
• The effect of exchange rates on international tourism, affecting both inbound and outbound tourists,
and how these influence travel patterns of South Africans travelling to developing countries as well
as to developed countries
• Fluctuations in exchange rates
8 – 10 MIDYEAR EXAMINATIONS



Four hours per week, including Test/open-book test 25%
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests; Trial examination 75%
• formal assessment: open book test; and PAT term 3:
• work on the PAT. Hand in phase 2.
Topic Content
1 Domestic, Forms of payment when travelling internationally:
regional and
Concepts
international
tourism • Electronic fund transfers (EFT)
• Telegraphic transfers (SWIFT transfers)
• Bank drafts
• Internet payments
• Foreign bank notes (cash)
• Credit cards (Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Diners Club)
• Traveller’s cheques
• Preloaded foreign currency debit cards such as Cash Passport card /Travel Wallet/International
Travel Card
Advantages and disadvantages of each form of payment
2 Domestic, Foreign market share – statistics regarding inbound international tourism:
regional and
Interpretation of statistics with reference to:
international
tourism • foreign arrivals to South Africa (land and air travel markets) and how the arrival statistics can
determine foreign market share;
• most visited provinces in South Africa;
• length of stay in each province;
• average expenditure per tourist; and
• activities undertaken whilst in South Africa.
Resources: Internet, StatsSA, South African Tourism (annual tourism reports), travel journals and
magazines, provincial tourism authorities
3 Marketing Marketing South Africa as a tourism destination:
• The importance of marketing South Africa internationally
- increase in annual volume of foreign arrivals to SA
- increase in international awareness of South Africa as a travel destination
• The core business of SATourism:
- Marketing South Africa internationally as a tourism destination of choice
- Maintaining and enhancing the standard of facilities and services for tourists
- Coordinating the marketing activities of role players in the industry
• Opportunities for marketing SA internationally: ITB (Berlin); World Travel Market (London)
• Funding for SA Tourism’s international marketing initiatives: the role of Tourism Marketing Levy
South Africa (TOMSA)
• The concept: branding – South Africa’s brand logo
• Introduction to the Tourism Indaba travel trade show, and the Getaway show as opportunities to
promote South Africa and the southern African region to the world
Resources: Internet, Stats SA, South African Tourism, travel journals and magazines, in-flight magazines

CAPS 35

4 Sustainable and The three pillars of sustainable tourism (people, profit, planet)
responsible • Concept and background of the triple bottom line approach
tourism
• Environment (planet): Good environmental practices, such as resource management (energy
and water), waste management (reduce, re-use, recycle), litter control, pollution control,
environmentally friendly building, promotion of indigenous flora and control of alien invasive
plants in grounds and gardens
• Economy (profit): The role of business. The responsible attitude of a tourism business towards
the people and environment it affects. Ways to practise it: ownership, employment, procurement
of local goods and services, etc
• Social (people): Considering the positive and negative effects of tourism on local communities,
culture and heritage. Corporate social investment (CSI) in tourism, such as financial or non-
financial support given by tourism companies to health/sport/education/youth projects
5 Sustainable and Responsible tourism and tourists
responsible • Codes of conduct for tourist behaviour (social, economic and environmental)
tourism
• How can a tourism destination attract environmentally (people, planet, profit) conscious tourists?
• The contribution of FTTSA towards encouraging responsible and sustainable practices
• Make use of case studies of companies that practise the triple bottom-line approach
Resources: examples of company initiatives from the internet and printed media. Sources of
information on responsible tourism (e.g. Responsible Tourism Handbook, FTTSA website, Gauteng
Responsible Tourism Handbook, etc.)
6 Culture and World Heritage Sites:
heritage
• Concept: World Heritage Site
• The role of UNESCO: logo and main function
• Types of World Heritage Sites: natural and cultural World Heritage Sites (refer to sites studied
under “attractions” in term 2)
• A description of all the World Heritage Sites in South Africa, their location on a map of South
Africa, and how they meet UNESCO criteria use latest information
• The value of the World Heritage Sites to South Africa’s tourism industry
7 Communication Methods to obtain customer feedback and measure customer satisfaction:
and
• Concept : customer feedback
customer care
• Purpose of obtaining customer feedback
• Methods to obtain customer feedback, such as surveys, questionnaires, feedback cards, follow-
up calls, SMS messages on cellphones, web-based responses
• How to analyse feedback: Study and capture the feedback data to determine the extent of
customer satisfaction. Identify the most common complaints. Decide on an action plan. Start the
intervention process.
• The impact of the service delivered by an organisation on its business profitability
8 – 10 Trial examinations



Grade 12 term 4
• informal assessment such as written work, marking of homework, class tests, case studies, revision; and
Topic Content
1 Tourism Professional image in the tourism industry:
sectors
How the following factors contribute to a professional image in the tourism industry
• The image of the company such as the name, logo, slogan, website, stationery, marketing material,
product packaging, physical appearance of the business, environmental policies, customer service
policies
• The image of the staff such as professional appearance, uniforms, dress code (if no uniforms are
worn), personal hygiene, grooming, interaction with customers, communication skills
2 Tourism Conditions of employment:
sectors
Basic conditions of employment in one chosen field of the tourism industry, such as airlines or hotels or
national parks
• The contract of employment describing basic conditions of employment, such as working
hours, uniform allowances, travel benefits, leave, core duties, fringe benefits, remuneration and
deductions, termination of service, professional accountability and responsibility, service ethics
Resources: Refer to the Department of Labour: Basic Conditions of Employment Act
(www.labour.gov.za) for working conditions.
3 Tourism The purpose and value of a code of conduct:
sectors
• Purpose: spells out expected conduct of staff in the performance of their duties, and guidance for
staff members faced with ethical challenges
• Value: creates a co-operative, collaborative atmosphere, promotes integrity in the workplace.
Study examples of codes of conduct from a variety of tourism businesses.
4-7 Review and reinforcement activities in class to assess the learners’ grasp of the learning material.
Examples of activities may include a class quiz, games, short tests, drawing concept maps, class
competitions, working through previous question papers, etc.
8-10 End-of-year examinations

Term 1 100 Practical assessment task 1 50 External examination 200
Term 3 100
300 convert to 100 100 200
Total mark: 100 + 100 + 200 = 400 ÷ 4 = 100

CAPS 37

SECTION 4

4.1 Assessment in Tourism

Assessment comprises two different but related activities: informal assessment and formal assessment.

4.2 Informal assessment

• The informal assessment tasks are the planned teaching and learning activities that take place in the classroom.
Learner progress should be monitored during learning activities. This informal monitoring of progress can be
done through questions and answers, short activities/written work completed during the lesson, open-book
tests and homework exercises on, for instance, map work, calculations on time zones, foreign exchange and
tour budgets. Informal assessment should not be separate from the learning activities taking place in the
classroom.

• Learners or teachers can mark these assessment tasks. Self-assessment and peer assessment actively
involves learners in assessment. This is important as it allows learners to learn from and reflect on their own
performance.

• The results of the informal assessment tasks are not formally recorded, unless the teacher wishes to do
so. In such instances, a simple checklist may be used to record this assessment. Teachers may use the
learners’ performance in these assessment tasks to provide verbal or written feedback to learners, the school
management team and parents. This is particularly important if barriers to learning or poor levels of participation
are encountered.

• The results of informal assessment tasks are not taken into account for promotion and certification purposes.

4.3 Formal assessment

• For the subject Tourism, six formal assessment tasks per year are required. These six tasks are completed
during the school year and constitute 25% of the total marks for Tourism.

• In Grades 10 and 11 all assessment is internal.

• In Grade 12 the formal assessment (25%) is internally set and marked but externally moderated.

• The end-of-year assessment (75%) in Grade 12 is externally set, marked and moderated.

• The end-of-year assessment component for all grades includes two parts: a practical assessment task
(PAT) (25%) and a written theory paper (50%). Together, these two components constitute the end-of-year
examination mark (75%).

Formal assessment Grades 10 and 11
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 4: Promotion mark
Test 75% Test 25% Test 75% SBA = Term 1+2+3 = 300÷3 =100
Project 25% Midyear examination 75% Test/open-book test 25% PAT 1 + 2 = 50X2 =100
Examination paper = 200
100 100 100 400÷4= 100



Formal assessment Grade 12
Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 4: Certification mark
Test 75% Test 25% Test 25% Term 1+2+3 = 300÷3 =100
Project 25% *Midyear examination 75% *Trial examination 75% PAT 1 + 2 = 200÷2 =100
Examination paper =200
100 100 100 400÷4=100

*In Grade 12, only one internal examination is compulsory. Schools may therefore

• write both examinations; or

• replace one of the examinations with a test at the end of the term. This test will have the same weighting as
the examination, and must cover a substantial amount of work.

4.4 Types of assessment

4.4.1 Projects and field trip assignments

Learners in all grades must do a project OR a field trip assignment in term 1.

Projects

Suggested topics are included in the teaching plans of term 1.

A project requires learners to

• do some planning/preparation/investigation/research;

• perform the task/carry out instructions according to criteria given;

• produce a product such as a quotation or booklet; and

• allow for some innovation and creativity, i.e. open-ended to a certain extent.

To set the project, the teacher should

• determine the content/skills/knowledge to be addressed;

• set clear criteria and give good instructions to guide the learner (the learner should know exactly what to do
and what is expected);

• keep the scope manageable;

• determine which resources will be required to complete the project (ensure that learners have access to these
resources);

• determine the time frame/duration/due date; and

• determine mark distribution and compile an assessment tool.

CAPS 39

Field trip assignments

A field trip/site visit assignment requires thorough planning by the teacher and the school.

Pre-visit preparation by the teacher

• The teacher chooses a tourist attraction relevant to the curriculum of the grade.

• The teacher visits the site in advance (if possible) to obtain information.

• The teacher explains relevant concepts to the learners as background knowledge.

• The teacher highlights aspects learners should pay attention to or take notes of during the visit.

• The teacher discusses responsible tourist behaviour during the visit.

• The teacher develops a site visit worksheet.

• The teacher discusses in class what is expected from learners during the visit.

• The teacher explains the post-visit assignment and assessment.

• The teacher sets strict rules for learner behaviour during the visit.

During the visit learners should

• listen attentively to the guide and take notes;

• ask relevant questions; and

• display responsible tourist behaviour.

After the visit: Learners complete assignment.

4.4.2 Tests

• A test for formal assessment should not comprise a series of small tests, but should cover a substantial amount
of content and the duration should be 45 to 60 minutes.

• Open-book tests should not include only short questions. Learners are required to write longer reflective
answers, such as paragraph responses to a given statement. Paragraphs providing reasons and arguments
are essential.

• Each project, field trip assignment, test, open-book test and examination must cater for a range of cognitive
levels and must also include paragraph-type responses.

Cognitive levels Percentage
Lower order: remembering 30
Middle order: understanding, applying 50
Higher order: Analysing, evaluating and creating 20


4.4.3 Examinations

External examination in Grade 12

In Grade 12, the three-hour end-of-year examination in Tourism comprises 50% of the learner’s total 400 marks. The
requirements for the external examination paper are indicated below.

Contents 10 11 12
Section A Short questions (all topics) 40 40 40
Section B Map work and tour planning; foreign exchange 30 20 50
Section C Tourism attractions; cultural and heritage tourism; marketing 50 50 50
Section D Tourism sectors; sustainable and responsible tourism 50 50 30
Section E Domestic, regional and international tourism; communication and customer care 30 40 30
TOTAL 200 200 200

Only Grade 12 content will be assessed. However, prior knowledge from Grades 10 and 11 may be necessary to
interpret and answer some of the questions.

4.4.4 Practical assessment task (PAT)

• Owing to the practical nature of the subject Tourism, learners must also be assessed by means of a practical
assessment task.

• The PAT for Grade 12 will be externally set every year and sent to schools at the end of the previous year.

• Provinces and schools may not change or retype this task, or use the task of the previous year.

• Resources for the PAT are the responsibility of the school.

• The specific resources will be listed in each PAT paper, but will mainly consist of maps, magazines and
brochures and information available from the internet.

• The PAT is done in two phases.

• Learners should complete phase 1 in term 2, and phase 2 in term 3.

• Teachers must formally assess each phase.

• The grade 12 PAT will be moderated externally by the relevant subject advisor.

4.5 Recording and reporting

Teachers will

• record marks against the task by using a record sheet; and

• report in percentages against the subject on learners’ report cards

CAPS 41

4.6 Promotion

For promotion and certification purposes, learners should achieve at least a level 2 rating (elementary achievement:
30 – 39%) in Tourism. This is subject to the requirement that a learner must achieve at least a level 3 rating (moderate
achievement: 40 – 49%) in at least one of the three choice subjects.

4.7 Moderation of assessment

• Grades 10 and 11 tasks are internally moderated. The subject advisor should however moderate a sample of
these tasks during his/her school visits, to verify the standard of the internal moderation.

• Grade 12 tasks need to be externally moderated. This process will be managed by the province.



CAPS 43

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