Linked open data sandwich

Linked Data Sandwich
Stad Gent
19 Oktober
E-Gebouw
image: beeldbank.stad.gent
Thimo Thoeye
Stad Gent
thimo.thoeye@stad.gent
@tthoeye

Diensten
Wat zit er in onze website?

Diensten
Nieuwsberichten

Diensten
Nieuwsberichten
Evenementen

Diensten
Nieuwsberichten
Evenementen
...

“it gives me a headache just trying to think
down to your level”
image: io9.com

The Semantic Web
A new form of Web content that is meaningful to computers will unleash a
revolution of new possibilities
by TIM BERNERS-LEE, JAMES HENDLER and ORA LASSILA
Scientifc American, May 2001
http://www-sop.inria.fr/acacia/cours/essi2006/Scientific%20American_%20Feature%20Article_%20The%20Semantic%20Web_%20May%202001.pdf

1. Use URIs to name (identify) things.
2. Use HTTP URIs so that these things can be looked up
(interpreted, "dereferenced").
3. Provide useful information about what a name identifies when it's
looked up, using open standards such as RDF, SPARQL, etc.
4. Refer to other things using their HTTP URI-based names when
publishing data on the Web.

Gebruik van URI’s
Tom Tom Tom

Gebruik van URI’s
http://es-la.dbpedia.org/page/resourc
e/Tom_Selleck
https://www.facebook.com/tom.
vannieuwenhove.1
http://dbpedia.org/resource/To
m_and_Jerry

Triples
Tom is a http://dbpedia.org/page/Cat

Triples
http://www.facebook.com/tom
is a
http://dbpedia.org/page/Cat

Triples
https://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type

Triples
Subject
Predicate
Object

Triples
Resource
Property
Class

Triples
facebook:tom rdf:type dbpedia:cat
Subject Predicate Object

Triples
facebook:tom rdf:type dbpedia:cat

Triples
Tom is a Cat
Tom is a Dog

Quad
Subject Predicate Object Graphname

Organising it
RDF Schema
https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/
OWL
https://www.w3.org/TR/owl-features/
SKOS
https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/

Organising it
Ontologies
FOAF: http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/
GeoNames: http://www.geonames.org/ontology/documentation.html
Dublin Core: http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/
Schema: http://schema.org

Organising it
http://lov.okfn.org

Representing it
https://stad.gent/id/news/25259
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
<schema:NewsArticle rdf:about="https://stad.gent/id/news/25259">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://stad.gent/data/news/25259"/>
<schema:datePublished>2014-10-23T09:55:44+02:00</schema:datePublished>
<schema:articleBody>De fiets is een populair vervoersmiddel in Gent...</schema:articleBody>
<schema:description>Politie en Stad Gent maken fietsers attent op ...</schema:description>
<schema:headline>Campagne goede fietsverlichting</schema:headline>
<dc:identifier>25259</dc:identifier>
<foaf:page rdf:resource="https://stad.gent/node/25259"/>
</schema:NewsArticle>
</rdf:RDF>
RDF+XML

Representing it
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
<https://stad.gent/id/news/25259>
a schema:NewsArticle ;
rdfs:isDefinedBy <https://stad.gent/data/news/25259> ;
schema:datePublished "2014-10-23T09:55:44+02:00" ;
schema:articleBody "De fiets is een populair vervoersmiddel in Gent..." ;
schema:description "Politie en Stad Gent maken fietsers attent op ..." ;
schema:headline "Campagne goede fietsverlichting" ;
dc:identifier "25259" ;
foaf:page <https://stad.gent/node/25259> .
Turtle

Representing it
[{"@id":"http://schema.org/NewsArticle"},{"@id":"https://stad.gent/data/news/25259"},{"@id":"https://s
tad.gent/id/news/25259","@type":["http://schema.org/NewsArticle"],"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schem
a#isDefinedBy":[{"@id":"https://stad.gent/data/news/25259"}],"http://schema.org/datePublished":[{"@val
ue":"2014-10-23T09:55:44+02:00"}],"http://schema.org/articleBody":[{"@value":"De fiets is een populair
vervoersmiddel in Gent..."}],"http://schema.org/description":[{"@value":"Politie en Stad Gent maken
fietsers attent op ..."}],"http://schema.org/headline":[{"@value":"Campagne goede
fietsverlichting"}],"http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier":[{"@value":"25259"}],"http://xmlns.com/foaf/
0.1/page":[{"@id":"https://stad.gent/node/25259"}]},{"@id":"https://stad.gent/node/25259"}]
JSON-LD

Ontologies and Vocabularies used in http://stad.gent
schema.org
OSLO
Core Public Service
Core Location
Core Business
Core Person

Architectuur
Header: Content-type: text/html
F5

Architectuur
Header: Accept: text/html
F5

Architectuur
Header: Accept: application/rdf+xml
F5

Show me the data!
SPARQL Endpoint:
News items:
Products:
Manuals:
http://stad.gent/sparql
http://stad.gent/data/news/
http://stad.gent/data/products/
https://stad.gent/over-gent-en-het-stadsbestuur/ov
er-gent/kaarten-cijfers-en-data/linked-open-data

http://linkedgeodata.org/sparql
http://dbpedia.org/sparql
...

Examples
All places of Ghent
SELECT ?Thing
WHERE { ?Thing a <http://schema.org/Place> }
result

Examples
All places of Ghent
SELECT ?Thing
WHERE { ?Thing a <http://schema.org/Place> } LIMIT 100
Using LIMIT
result

Examples
All districts of Ghent
SELECT DISTINCT ?Thing
WHERE {
?Thing a <http://schema.org/Place> .
?Thing <https://stad.gent/data/internal/resourceType>
"wijken"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> .
} LIMIT 100
result

Examples
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
PREFIX gent: <https://stad.gent/data/internal/>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT ?Thing
WHERE {
?Thing a schema:Place .
?Thing gent:resourceType "wijken"^^xsd:string .
} LIMIT 100
Using PREFIX
result

Examples
SELECT DISTINCT ?Thing
WHERE {
} LIMIT 100
Using DISTINCT
result

Examples
PREFIX gent: <http://stad.gent/data/internal/>
SELECT count(DISTINCT ?Thing) as ?aantal
WHERE {
}
Using COUNT
result

Examples
SELECT DISTINCT ?place ?name
WHERE {
?place a schema:Place .
?place schema:name ?name .
?place gent:resourceType "wijken"^^xsd:string .
} LIMIT 100
By name
result

Examples
All news articles for district
“Sluizeken”
SELECT DISTINCT ?a WHERE {
?a a <http://schema.org/NewsArticle>.
?a <http://schema.org/contentLocation> <https://stad.gent/id/places/wijken--2> .
}
result

Examples
Products for ecological
companies:
PREFIX dct:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
SELECT ?product ?titel
WHERE {
?product a <http://purl.org/vocab/cpsv#PublicService>.
?product schema:audience <http://stad.gent/data/ns/gpdc/doelgroepen/onderneming>.
?product dct:subject <http://stad.gent/data/ns/themas/natuur-milieu>.
?product dct:title ?titel
}
result

Examples
Most popular books among men in Ledeberg in 2010
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX service: <http://purl.org/ontology/service#>
select ?book (sample(?name) as ?naam) (COUNT(?person) as ?aantal_personen)
FROM <http://stad.gent/dekrook/uitleningen-2010>
FROM <http://stad.gent/dekrook/exemplaren>
FROM <http://stad.gent/dekrook/werken>
WHERE {
?offer a schema:Offer.
?book schema:offers ?offer.
?book schema:name ?name.
?person a schema:Person;
service:consumes ?offer;
schema:gender "Mannelijk";
schema:address "9050".
} GROUP BY ?book ORDER BY DESC(?aantal_personen) LIMIT 10
result

Links
http://data.stad.gent
http://data.vlaanderen.be
https://stad.gent/over-gent-en-het-stadsbestuur/over-gent/kaarten-cijf
ers-en-data/linked-open-data
http://oasis.team
thimo.thoeye@stad.gent

SKOS
https://www.w3.org/2009/08/skos-reference/skos.html#
● skos:Collection
○ skos:OrderedCollection
● skos:Concept
● skos:ConceptScheme
○ skos:inScheme
○ skos:hasTopConcept
○ skos:topConceptOf
● skos:prefLabel
○ skos:altLabel
○ skos:note
○ skos:historyNote
● skos:semanticRelation
○ skos:mappingRelation
○ skos:closeMatch
○ skos:exactMatch
○ skos:broadMatch
○ skos:narrowMatch
○ skos:relatedMatch

SKOS: Example
Theme list
PREFIX skos:<http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
SELECT ?thema
WHERE {
?thema skos:inScheme <http://stad.gent/data/ns/themas/>
}
result

Examples
Recent news items related to
museums SMAK en Huis van Alijn
PREFIX schema:<http://schema.org/>
SELECT ?article ?titel ?published
WHERE {
VALUES ?org {
<https://stad.gent/id/agents/96677ab3-f689-e111-a140-0050569826fc>
<https://stad.gent/id/agents/ad7ccf21-61d8-e411-87b3-005056983224>
}.
?article a schema:NewsArticle.
?article schema:datePublished ?published.
?article <http://schema.org/sourceOrganization> ?org.
?article schema:headline ?titel
} ORDER BY DESC(?published) LIMIT 5
result

Examples
Hoeveel nieuwsberichten zijn er gepubliceerd in januari 2017?
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
SELECT (count(?sub) as ?articles) WHERE {
?sub a <http://schema.org/NewsArticle>;
schema:datePublished ?date.
BIND(YEAR(STRDT(?date, xsd:dateTime)) as ?year)
BIND(MONTH(STRDT(?date, xsd:dateTime)) as ?month)
FILTER(?year = 2017)
FILTER(?month = 1)
}
result

Examples
Uitleningen in maart 2017
SELECT count(?sub) from <http://stad.gent/dekrook> WHERE {
?sub a <http://purl.org/ontology/dso#Loan>.
?sub <http://schema.org/startDate> ?start.
?sub <http://purl.org/ontology/service#consumes> ?book.
FILTER ( STRDT(STR(?start),xsd:dateTime) < xsd:dateTime("2017-04-01T00:00:00Z") )
FILTER ( STRDT(STR(?start),xsd:dateTime) > xsd:dateTime("2017-03-01T00:00:00Z") )
}
result

Examples
De tien meest uitgeleende boeken
SELECT ?book (COUNT(?sub) as ?uitleningen) from <http://stad.gent/dekrook> WHERE {
?sub a <http://purl.org/ontology/dso#Loan>.
?sub <http://schema.org/startDate> ?start.
?sub <http://purl.org/ontology/service#consumes> ?offer.
?book schema:offers ?offer.
} GROUP BY ?book ORDER BY DESC(?uitleningen) LIMIT 10
result

Examples
Boeken gepubliceerd in 2001
SELECT ?sub ?date from <http://stad.gent/dekrook> WHERE {
?sub a <http://schema.org/Book> .
?sub <http://schema.org/datePublished> ?date.
filter(?date = "2001")
} limit 40
result

Linked open data sandwich

More Related Content

Similar to Linked open data sandwich (12)

More from Thimo Thoeye (9)

Recently uploaded (20)

Linked open data sandwich