![Secure share and copy [ssh,scp]
A protocol to connect and share along a secure network
Installing the ssh server
Checking if the server is online
Connecting to the localhost
Connecting from a connected device
Copying over the network
whoami
ifconfig
To copy from sevrer to sys within sysTo copy from sys to server (denoted by
username@hostname)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/linuxoperationbasic-200628022432/85/Linux-basic-for-CADD-biologist-9-320.jpg)
![grep – prints lines matching a pattern
grep [option] [pattern] [path/to/file]
certain useful [option]
-i -- ignore case : -v – invert selected pattern : -H – prints the name of the file : -e – use pattern for matching: -r –
recursive searches files in subdirectories : -l – list files with the pattern ; -L –list the files without the pattern
Patterns with spaces or special charactors are to be included in inverted commas
https://www.tecmint.com/12-practical-examples-of-linux-grep-command/
grep
egrep Searches wierd symbol
patterns
Searches dif patterns across dif
files
fgrep](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/linuxoperationbasic-200628022432/85/Linux-basic-for-CADD-biologist-16-320.jpg)
Linux basic for CADD biologist
- 1. Linux basic for CADD beginners “Theory and practice sometimes clash. And when that happens theory loses. Every single time.” ~Linus Torvalds
- 2. Overview The directories Common commands File permission and .bashrc file Detailed use of vi text editor grep command and how to use with concatanation Secure share and secure copy zip and tar Special symbols / - root directory ~ - home directory . - current directory .. - parent directory cd -/pwd – prints the path to current directory $cat /etc/shell- open all shells that is supported “/$which $SHELL” /”$which bash” – location of bash https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7B7FA4E693D8E790
- 3. The directories ! The root directory is represented by “/” here the ‘ls” command can be used to see what is inside it ? My favourite are !! The “bin” and “home” directories Since in the root direcetory Commands 1.man 2.ls 3.cd User Machine name Root(/) Home(~)cd~ ~~cd /
- 4. Some commands pwd cp, echo, rm,mv Touch, gedit, nano, vi whoami ifconfig date mkdir, rmdir histroy
- 5. Some commands pwd cp, echo, rm,mv Touch, gedit, nano, vi whoami ifconfig date mkdir, rmdir histroy
- 6. Some commands pwd cp, echo, rm,mv Touch, gedit, nano grep, vi, cat , coupling whoami ifconfig date mkdir, rmdir histroy
- 7. Some commands pwd cp, echo, rm,mv Touch, gedit, nano, vi Whoami ifconfig date mkdir, rmdir histroy User name IP address Date Making and removing directories Previously run commands history Other commands useful in system information * lscpu, lshw, lsusb, fdisk* Try out !!
- 8. File permissions and .bashrc file Files usually has restricted permission, thus certain process are required for granting these permission command -”chmod” read (1); wirte(2) ; execute(4) -> 1+2+4 =7 So each 3 constituents “777” The .bashrc file in the “‘~’/home” directory, it contain all the executable whenever a shell/ terminal is opened by that user. #Inside the file paste the below command to have a customized command ~$:gedit .bashrc alias lll=’pwd ; date ; ls -l’ $alias -p -- To check different alias already in the .bashrc
- 9. Secure share and copy [ssh,scp] A protocol to connect and share along a secure network Installing the ssh server Checking if the server is online Connecting to the localhost Connecting from a connected device Copying over the network whoami ifconfig To copy from sevrer to sys within sysTo copy from sys to server (denoted by username@hostname)
- 10. zip and tar Tools for Compression/ Extraction of file and directories
- 11. Installing software from package manager The major package manager for the linux distribution are Ubuntu software centre & Synaptic package manager The Installation process is prettey staright forward with the aid of GUI The software installed are by default saved in usr/local/ directory / - root directory ~ - home directory . - current directory .. - parent directory cd -/pwd – prints the path to current directory Synaptic Soft manager Software manager
- 12. Software download from the repository Ubuntu, mint and CentOS Debian Distribution Based on Programs as packages APT Various tools that interact with APT and allow you to install, remove and manage packages in Debian based Linux distributions Apt-get (older), apt , Aptitute, yum
- 13. Install from the source and how to remove “Git and git-hub” - Large repositories comprise of current and previous ‘source’ of programs . Are called “ version control system” Note: While compiling from soucre the default path the configure file make towards the “usr/local/” but this often causes difficulties while removing the file so the best alternatice is to install in “/opt/filename” Thus initially make a directory in /opt $sudo mkdir /opt/filename , Then return to the were the source is located and execute the flowing commands $./configure –prefix=/opt/filename/ ; make ; sudo make install Now to call the program use the below command but this is little in conveniant, and can be solved by $/opt/filename/bin/bin.executable copy the binary to /usr/local/bin ie $ sudo cp /opt/filename/bin/bin.executable /usr/local/bin then link these together so that error doesnot arrise due to dependencies problem $ sudo ln -sT /opt/filename/bin/bin.executable /usr/local/bin/bin.executable $export PATH=’/opt/filename/bin/’ ; echo PATH (temperory solution – doesnot work in a different shell) Use the web service and download as zip Use the “wget” command Or the git command .bashrc
- 14. Installing a .deb package ● $ sudo dpkg -i /path/package.deb ; sudo apt install -f (install dependency if necessary which is not taken care by dpkg) ● $sudo apt install ./path/package.deb ● Install via open software installer and follow the process ● $sudo apt update; sudo apt install gdebi -y; sudo gdebi ./path/package.deb
- 15. Python and PIP manager PIP is pakage manager for installing python based programs pip is there for both the 2.4 and 3.6 of python sudo apt update :sudo apt upgrade: sudo apt install python-pip3 Will install pip3 and sudo apt install python-pip install for the 2.4 Updating the path $export PATH=’/path/dir/:PATH’; module name updating this on to the .bashrc file makes the change permenant / - root directory ~ - home directory . - current directory .. - parent directory cd -/pwd – prints the path to current directory
- 16. grep – prints lines matching a pattern grep [option] [pattern] [path/to/file] certain useful [option] -i -- ignore case : -v – invert selected pattern : -H – prints the name of the file : -e – use pattern for matching: -r – recursive searches files in subdirectories : -l – list files with the pattern ; -L –list the files without the pattern Patterns with spaces or special charactors are to be included in inverted commas https://www.tecmint.com/12-practical-examples-of-linux-grep-command/ grep egrep Searches wierd symbol patterns Searches dif patterns across dif files fgrep
- 17. SSH and SCP ; Servers Allows for remote login to a computer connected via a remote-network/ web Requires the credential and IP address. By default most linux distro has the ssh connection client but to set ip a server for your self you need to configure “ssh-server” $sudo apt install openssh-server $sudo service ssh status #if to connect to the local machine $sudo ssh localhost To check all the machines in the network $sudo apt install arp-scan ; sudo arp-scan --localnet To connect to a remote node $ssh -X usrname@IP.address To copy file from one local(where u are now) to host( connecting and copying by ‘scp’) $scp -r <file/folder> host_usrname@IP.ad:<path/to/copy> / - root directory ~ - home directory . - current directory .. - parent directory cd -/pwd – prints the path to current directory Sometime openssh-server might not install Try updating and upgrading system, then dwnld from apt repository troubleshoot www.digitalocean.com/docs/ droplets/resources/ troubleshooting-ssh/ connectivity/#checking-the- service-port In case firewall is blocking help.ubuntu.com/community/ iptablesHowTo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZ7h5FxlTVg&t=201s https://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/ubuntu-how-tos/how- to-enable-ssh-on-ubuntu-18-04-linux-mint-19-debian-9.html
- 18. Thank You