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File: chapter6TextBank.docx, Chapter 6, Architecture and Infrastructure
Multiple Choice
1. “Reuse” is a benefit of service-oriented architecture because it supports:
a) Using sensitive data again and again
b) The breaking apart of functionality into small services that can be used by many
different systems
c) Access to servers from many locations.
d) The selection of a specific computing device by each employee.
e) Reliable capacity-on-demand
Ans: b (Medium)
Response: See page 174
2. Google Maps is a web mapping service that provides street maps and directions. A
Google Maps component can be added to a business’s web site to provide customers
directions to the business location. This use of Google’s service by a business is an
example of __________.
a) Centralized architecture
b) Decentralized architecture
c) Service-oriented architecture
d) Internet-based architecture
e) Enterprise architecture
Ans: c (Medium)
3. Valero’s growth required a change to its IT architecture. SOA was chosen by Valero
because Valero:
a) Needs flexibility to efficiently integrate new applications with existing
independent systems
b) Wants to eliminate the dependency on its ERP system.
c) Needs to upgrade its infrastructure components to meet the increased IT demands.
d) Believes that SOA provides the appropriate level of security it did not have with
its original architecture.
e) Benefits from standardizing on the SAP suite of products and reducing its reliance
on multiple vendors.
Ans: a (Medium)

Response: See page 167-168
4. The architecture that the large oil company Valero adopted enables the company to
build applications from components and realize gains as a result of this flexibility.
The architecture is called:
a) Centralized
b) Decentralized
c) Service-oriented
d) Internet-based
e) Mainframe
Ans: c (easy)
5. A manager must know enough about the IT architecture and IT infrastructure so that
he or she can:
a) Select the correct wireless provider.
b) Make realistic use of IT and know what to expect from IT.
c) Choose the appropriate IT infrastructure components.
d) Limit future business options.
e) Ensure a rigid IT structure.
Ans: b (Medium)
Response: See page 169.
6. Which of the following best describes cloud computing?
a) Virtual desktop computing
b) Lightweight software that takes up little storage space
c) Computing services that can be accessed on demand across the Internet
d) The World Wide Web
e) Mobile-based social IT
Ans: c (Medium)
7. The components of enterprise architecture are: shared data, the linking and automation
technology used to share the data, the people who are served by the system and:
______________,
a) Enterprise software
b) A centralized architecture
c) IT systems
d) Core business processes

e) A framework
Ans:d (Hard)
8. This architecture is a complex framework whose main objective is to map how the
organization’s IT supports the business processes.
a. Centralized architecture
b. Decentralized architecture
c. Service-oriented architecture
d. Web-based architecture
e. Enterprise architecture
Ans: e (Hard)
9. This provides a blueprint for translating a business strategy into a plan for IS.
a) IS infrastructure
b) IS architecture
c) ERP systems
d) Centralized architecture
e) SOA
Ans: b (Medium)
10. The IT infrastructure components should be evaluated based on their expected
financial value. All of the following are used to evaluate the financial value of IT
components EXCEPT for the:
a) Usability
b) Risks
c) Benefits
d) Costs
e) Maintenance
Ans: a (Hard)
11. The type of architecture where larger software programs are broken down into
services which are then connected to each other, in a process called orchestration, is
called:
a) SOA

b) ERP
c) SAP
d) ISP
e) OSP
Ans: a (Medium)
12. Mary from sales is asking about the plan to implement Salesforce.com’s application.
You explain to her that you are in the process of getting technical specifications and
pricing so that you can move forward with the rollout. This would be part of which of
the following plans?
a) IT architecture
b) IT infrastructure
c) System architecture
d) Server upgrade program
e) IT strategy
Ans: b (Hard)
13. Marketing has repeatedly asked the IT department about the possibility of aligning
the new marketing plan with the company's web site. They would like the new web site
to be able to support more active content and permit customers to query an online
catalog. You let them know that this is currently being considered and that you’re
determining if this new business strategy can be translated into a viable plan of action.
This would be part of which of the following?
a) IT architecture
b) IT infrastructure
c) System architecture
d) Server upgrade program
e) IT strategy
Ans: a (Hard)
14. The type of software used in SOA architecture is often referred to as what?
a) Services-oriented architecture
b) Software-as-a-service
c) Systems software
d) Software-as-an-architecture
e) System-as-a-service

Ans: b (Medium)
15. Which type of computer/IT architecture is limited to a central computer system?
a) Mainframe
b) Web-services
c) Peer-to-peer
d) Wireless
e) Server-to-server
Ans: a (Medium)
16. _______________________ is the architecture where significant hardware, software
and possibly even data elements reside on the Internet.
a) Internet-oriented architecture
b) TCP/IP architecture
c) Web-based architecture
d) Mobile architecture
e) Centralized architecture
Ans: c (Medium)
17. A small company in Des Moines wants to set up an IT architecture for its workforce.
The company recently moved to an older building that has solid walls and ceilings.
Furthermore, most of the staff likes the flexibility of moving around the open office space
to perform work on their laptops. Which communication architecture makes most sense
for this company?
a) Mainframe
b) Web-services
c) Peer-to-peer
d) Wireless
e) Server-to-server
Ans: d (Medium)
18. All of the following are IT platforms EXCEPT for the _________.
a) iPhone platform
b) Android platform
c) Windows platform

d) MS Office platform
e) Mac platform
Ans: d (Medium)
19. A computer’s hardware and ____________ specify its platform.
a) system software
b) software applications
c) hardware
d) storage
e) mobility
Ans: a (Medium)
Resposne: See page 172
20. Understanding the life span of the IT infrastructure and architecture is called?
a) IT life cycle
b) Strategic timeframe
c) Architecture life cycle
d) IT life span
e) System timeframe
Ans: b (Medium)
21. Hypercompetition implies that any architecture must be designed with maximum
scalability and _____________ to ensure it can handle the imminent business
changes.
a) modularity
b) speed
c) flexibility
d) sustainability
e) availability
Ans: c (Medium)
22. During an ice storm, JetBlue Airlines had an IT infrastructure that demonstrated
which one of the following technical issues?
a) Security
b) Scalability

c) Adaptability
d) Maintainability
e) Standardization
Ans: b (Medium)
23. Risks associated with cloud computing include all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Increased dependency on third-party suppliers
b) Security
c) Lack of standards for virtual infrastructures
d) Retooling existing applications to move to the cloud
e) Scalability
Ans: e (Medium)
24. All of the following are reasons why a company may choose to use cloud computing
for its IT infrastructure EXCEPT:
a) Cost savings
b) Speed to provision additional capacity
c) Reduce dependency on third-party suppliers
d) Consolidation of servers and even the elimination of a data center
e) Reduce server maintenance costs
Ans: c (Hard)
Response: See page 184-185
25. Using a cloud service from Amazon.com, the New York Times was able to
a) Establish a strong social media presence.
b) Virtualize its mobile application.
c) Quickly digitize old articles without needing to purchase additional
infrastructure components.
d) Build a web-based application to search past articles for keywords
e) Standardize its virtualization infrastructure.
Ans: c (Medium)
True/False

26. It is predicted that cloud computing utilization will decrease in time.
Ans: False (Easy)
27. An IT architecture with a high level of flexibility and agility will be in a position to
support changing business needs.
Ans: True (Medium)
28. The idea of concurrently designing IT and business processes is outdated. Instead, IT
should be aligned with existing business processes.
Ans: False (Hard)
29. An enterprise architecture is a complex framework for establishing an IT architecture
and infrastructure by defining how IT supports the business processes of the firm.
Ans: True (Medium)
30. The enterprise architecture ensures the appropriate linkage between IT investment
and business needs.
Ans: True (medium)
31. There are very few mainframe computers still in operation today.
Ans: False (medium)
Short Answer

32. Rigid architectures and organizational models are known to hamper the agility needed
to grow a business it today’s hypercompetitive environment. Which one of the
traditional IT architectures do you consider to be “rigid”?
Ans: Centralized
33. This type of architecture is popular in many organizations where a high level of
security is required to protect the infrastructure assets.
Ans: Mainframe architecture
34. Consumerization of IT is growing at a phenomenal rate because employees and
___________ want to use their own devices to access a company’s IS.
Ans: Customers
35. The primary reason to base an organization’s architecture on its strategic goals is to
prepare for inevitable changes in the __________.
Ans: future
36. The functional specifications such as hardware, software and storage specifications
are all part of this.
Ans: IT Infrastructure
37. This is the physical location where a company will run and manage centralized
computing needs such as servers and mainframe computers.
Ans: Data center
38. As a result of social business, companies are being asked to include _______ in thier
architecture.

Ans: mobile or social mobile
39. A platform refers to the hardware and ______________ on which application
software run.
Ans: Operation system or system software
40. This is the electronic representation of numbers and text.
Ans: data
41. Software-as-a-service (Saas) applications that are delivered over the Internet are often
referred as this.
Ans: Web-services
Essay
42. As a small, newly formed organization, which IT architecture do you think you would
choose and why?
43. Explain how cloud computing services benefit from virtualization.
44. Why would an organization use cloud computing for its IT infrastructure needs?
45. Explain what cloud service the New York Times successfully utilized and the benefit
this solution provided.
46. Why must an organization’s IT architecture be based on an organization’s strategic
goals?

Matching
47. Match the term to the right that best describes the IT architecture on the left.
Centralized Architecture Mainframe
Decentralized Architecture Server-based
Service Oriented Architecture Web-based
48. Match the IT architecture with the quality that best identifies it.
Centralized Architecture Easiest to secure
Decentralized Architecture Very Scalable
Service Oriented Architecture Provides a high degree of agility
49. An organization should translate its 1. _________ into a(n) 2._____________ and
then translate the later into the 3. ______________.
1. Business Strategy
2. IT Architecture
3. IT Infrastructure
50. Match each software product below to its classification as either system software or
an application.
System software Microsoft’s Windows
System software iPhone’s iOS
Application Microsoft Excel
Application SAP R/3
Application Linked-In
51. When determining the IT architecture and its appropriate IT infrastructure, a manager
may seek answers to the questions listed below. Match the question with the IT
component it helps to select.
Should our employees get a desktop computer, a laptop or a
tablet device?
Hardware
Shall we implement Salesforce.com or Oracle CRM On
Demand?
Software
Can we purchase a standard ERP package or do we need to Software

write our own application?
Who will provide us wireless capabilities? Network
Will our critical business information be backed up on-site or
done remotely over the Internet?
Data
52. Match each term below with its definition.
Capacity-on-demand The availability to quickly acquire additional
computing services when necessary and
reduce services when not needed.
Consumerization of IT The drive to port applications to personal
devices like smartphones and tablets.
BYOD The desire employees have to connect their
personal devices to corporate enterprise
systems.
53. Architectural principles are applied to the design of an IT architecture. Match the
architectural principle below to a question that would be asked to define that principle
for a given company.
Buy over build Is there a vendor who provides the application needed or
will it need to be developed?
Flexibility and agility Will the system support future changes in the business?
Data security Is the data protected against unwanted hackers?
Speed and quality Can the application be completed successfully and in the
timeframe desired?
Innovative Can the IT support newer technologies?
54. Designing an IT infrastructure requires an understanding of technical issues. Match
the technical issue below with the questions that will be asked about it.
Adaptability Can the infrastructure adjust to emerging technologies?
Scalability Is the architecture able to easily increase or decrease capacity as
demand changes?
Security Are the right mechanisms in place to protect the infrastructure
assets?
Maintainability Can the infrastructure over time be supported with needed
platforms, parts, and software?
55. Match the IT architecture choice with the term for which it is often associated.
Cloud computing Virtualization
SOA SaaS
Centralized architecture Mainframe
Enterprise architecture TOGAF

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