Managing Capacity and Demand.ppt
- 1. Managing Capacity and Demand
- 2. Workshift scheduling Workshift scheduling is a well recognised method for managing and resolving staffing problems of such organisations which need to manage multiple staffs and shifts Main objective of Workshift scheduling is to maintain capacity and demand adequately through careful mathematical calculations making it a systematic method of dealing with staffing problems
- 3. Steps in workshift scheduling 1. Forecast demand: Future demand is forecasted through various techniques like past observation, analysis of the situation & data management and many more such techniques. For Scheduling of staff the forecasted demand could be done in terms of monthly, weekly, daily and hourly depending on the need of your organisation.
- 4. 2. Convert to worker requirement: On the basis of forecasted demand, the number of workers that will be required is determined (in terms of nurse bed ratio, patient doctor ratio, based on time-motion study etc.). While determining number of workers required, a quality statement is directly or indirectly implied. Steps in workshift scheduling
- 5. Strategies for managing capacity 3. Schedule shift: Shifts or tours of employees are scheduled. Shift or tours represent various time of start and end time of work.
- 6. Strategies for managing capacity 4. Assign workers to shifts: Assigning workers to shifts need careful attention specially in hospitals and other industries that operate 24 * 7 Some shifts may be more preferable than the others. For eg. Day shift over night shift
- 7. Strategies for managing capacity An emergency room is to be operated 24*7, 7 days a week. The day is divided into 3 shifts of 8 hour each. Suppose, minimum nurses required to staff the emergency room during day shift across the week is Day Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Nurses 3 6 5 6 5 5 5
- 8. Schedule Matrix In the hospital, nurses work 5 days a week and are entitled to 2 consecutive days off each week.
- 9. Strategies for managing capacity The emergency room incharge is interested in developing a shift schedule that minimize the number of nurses required to staff the emergency room In the hospital, nurses work 5 days a week and are entitled to 2 consecutive days off each week. Schedule matrix, x = day off Nurse Su M Tu W Th F Sa 1 … … x x x x x 2 . . . . . n Required 3 6 5 6 5 5 5
- 10. We put these figures into excel sheet and draw one table for getting optimal number of nurses There could be multiple optimal solutions for such problems
- 11. Strategies for managing capacity The problem that emergency incharge is looking at it is of determining the minimum number of nurses that need to assigned to each of seven possible tours or shifts where each tour or shift consists of 5 working day and 2 consecutive days off. Each of these tours will start on a different day of the week and last for 5 consecutive days.
- 12. we have 2 constraints: Now it is the task of operations manager to assign optimum number of nurses in the shift at all particular days so that on any day required number of nurses should not be less than the minimum number needed for that day as mentioned in the previous data First is that every nurse should get 2 days of consecutive leaves in a week. It can be
- 13. Strategies for managing capacity Let X = number of nurses assigned to tour i, where day i begins 2 consecutive days off (for example, nurse assigned to tour 1 has Sunday and Monday Off) Objective function is Minimize X1 + X2 + X3 + X4 + X5 + X6 + X7
- 14. Strategies for managing capacity For getting the required answer for emergency department incharge, problem can be solved as integer linear programming (ILP) model using solver feature in Microsoft Excel Use Excel
- 15. Now we assign the nurse schedule for the entire week
- 18. Practice Question Telephone reservation department for a hotel has daily shift requirement as shown in table below. Prepare a weekly workshift schedule with two consecutive days off. Use solver. Days Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Minimum Workers 4 8 8 7 7 6 5
- 19. Thank You