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2-1
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
Managing Organizational Change A Multiple
Perspectives Approach 3rd
Full chapter download at: https://testbankbell.com/product/managing-organizational-
change-a-multiple-perspectives-approach-3rd-edition-palmer-test-bank/
Chapter 02
Images of Change Management
Multiple Choice Questions
1. According to John Kotter, which of the following statements is true of change in organizations?
A. Small-scale transformations are more valuable than large-scale transformations.
B. Organizations need more change leadership.
C. Change management and change leadership are indistinguishable.
D. Change leadership refers to the basic tools and structures with which smaller-scale changes
are controlled.
2. Which of the following images is most likely to help managers be aware of potential component
breakdowns and see their role in terms of maintenance and repair?
A. A machine image
B. A microculture image
C. A political image
D. A macroculture image
3. strategies assume that people pursue their own self-interest.
A. Empirical-rational
B. Normative-re-educative

2-2
C. Power-coercive
D. Normative-educative

2-3
4. strategies assume that changes occur when people abandon their traditional, normative
orientations and commit to new ways of thinking.
C. Power-coercive
5. strategies rely on achieving the intended outcomes through the compliant behavior of those
who have less power.
C. Power-coercive
6. In change outcomes, it is assumed that some, but not all, change intentions are
achievable.
A. intended
B. partially intended
C. unintended
D. partially completed
7. In change outcomes, the dominant assumption is that intended change outcomes can be
achieved as planned.
A. intended
C. unintended
D. partially unintended

2-4
8. Which of the following images of change outcomes recognizes that managers often have great
difficulty in achieving the change outcomes that were intended?
A. Intended change outcomes
B. Partially intended change outcomes
C. Unintended change outcomes
D. Partially unintended change outcomes
9. Which of the following is NOT one of the images of change outcomes discussed in the text?
D. Partially completed change outcomes
10. The internal forces that can push change in unplanned directions include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. interdepartmental politics.
B. long-established working practices that are difficult to dislodge.
C. deep-seated perceptions and values that are inconsistent with desired change.
D. industry-wide trends affecting an entire sector.
11. The external forces that can push change in unplanned directions include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. long-established working practices that are difficult to dislodge.
B. confrontational industrial relations.
C. legislative requirements.

2-5
12. Which of the following images is most likely to view management as controlling and change
outcomes as being achievable as planned?
A. The director image
B. The navigator image
C. The caretaker image
D. The coach image
13. In the image, control is at the heart of management action, although a variety of external
factors mean that, although change managers may achieve some intended change outcomes,
they may have little control over other results.
A. director
B. navigator
C. caretaker
D. coach
14. In the image, the management role is still one of control, although the ability to exercise
that control is severely constrained by a range of internal and external forces that propel change
relatively independent of management intentions.
A. nurturer
B. caretaker
C. coach
D. interpreter

2-6
15. In the image, the assumption is that change managers can intentionally shape an
organization's capabilities in particular ways.
A. navigator
B. caretaker
C. coach
D. director
16. A change manager as has the task of creating meaning for others, helping them to make
sense of events and developments that, in themselves, constitute a changed organization.
A. navigator
B. caretaker
C. director
D. interpreter
17. The image of change manager as assumes that even small changes can have a large
impact on organizations, and that managers may be unable to control the outcomes of these
changes.
A. nurturer
B. navigator
C. director
D. caretaker
18. Which of the following argues that organizational change is nonlinear, is fundamental rather than
incremental, and does not necessarily entail growth?
A. Confucian theory
B. Chaos theory
C. Taoist theory
D. Institutional theory

2-7
19. In , change is regarded as cyclical, processional, journey-oriented, based on maintaining
equilibrium, observed and followed by those who are involved, and normal rather than
exceptional.
A. Confucian/Taoist theory
B. chaos theory
C. population ecology theory
D. institutional theory
20. Which of the following images is most likely associated with the image of a manager being able to
shape change?
D. The coach image
21. Which of the following images is most likely associated with the image of a manager being able to
control change?
B. The coach image
C. The interpreter image
D. The nurturer image
22. argue that organizational changes unfold over time in a messy and iterative manner, and
thus rely on the image of change manager as navigator.
A. Processual theories
B. Contingency theories
C. Taoist and Confucian theories
D. Institutional theories

2-8
23. Which of the following theories does NOT reinforce the caretaker image of managers of change?
A. Life-cycle theory
B. Population ecology theory
C. Chaos theory
24. views organizations passing through well-defined stages from birth to growth, maturity, and
then decline or death.
C. Chaos theory
25. According to life-cycle theory, the second stage of the natural developmental cycle of an
organization is _.
A. birth
B. growth
C. maturity
D. death
26. focuses on how the environment selects organizations for survival or extinction, drawing on
biology and neo-Darwinism.
C. Chaos theory

2-9
27. argues that change managers take broadly similar decisions and actions across whole
populations of organizations.
C. Chaos theory
28. According to DiMaggio and Powell, which of the following is NOT one of the pressures associated
with the similarities in the actions of organizations that result from the interconnectedness of
organizations that operate in the same sector or environment?
A. Coercive pressure
B. Mimetic pressure
C. Normative pressure
D. Ethical pressure
29. According to DiMaggio and Powell, government-mandated changes are an example of
pressure.
A. coercive
B. mimetic
C. normative
D. initiated
30. According to DiMaggio and Powell, when organizations imitate the structures and practices of
other organizations in their field, they succumb to pressure.
A. coercive
B. mimetic
C. normative
D. replicated

2-10
31. occurs when there is professionalization of work such that managers in different
organizations adopt similar values and working methods that are similar to each other.
B. Mimetic pressure
D. Replicated pressure
32. By stressing the importance of values such as humanism, democracy, and individual
development, the organization development (OD) theory reinforces the image of a change
manager as _.
A. coach
B. interpreter
C. nurturer
D. caretaker
True / False Questions
33. The image of management as a controlling function has deep historical roots.
True False
34. The image of management as a shaping function, enhancing both individual and organizational
capabilities, has deep roots.
True False

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2-11
35. Power-coercive strategies rely on achieving the intended outcomes through the compliant
behavior of those who have less power.
True False
36. Power-coercive strategies of change assume that changes occur when people abandon their old
orientations and commit to new ones.
True False
37. Both intended and unintended consequences may emerge from the actions of change
managers.
True False
38. There has been less attention paid to the images of intended change outcomes in commentary
on change management than to unintended change outcomes.
True False
39. Maturity is the final stage of the natural development cycle of an organization according to life-
cycle theory.
True False
40. Population ecology theory draws on biology and neo-Darwinism.
True False
41. According to population ecology theory, organizational variation occurs as the result of random
chance.
True False

2-12
42. In general, the implication of population ecology theory is that managers have little sway over
change where whole populations of organizations are affected by external forces.
True False
43. The caretaker and nurturer images are more frequently discussed in relation to change
management and are more widely accepted in domains of organization theory where there is
more practice orientation.
True False

2-13
Chapter 02 Images of Change Management Answer Key
Multiple Choice Questions
1. According to John Kotter, which of the following statements is true of change in
organizations?
A. Small-scale transformations are more valuable than large-scale transformations.
B. Organizations need more change leadership.
C. Change management and change leadership are indistinguishable.
D. Change leadership refers to the basic tools and structures with which smaller-scale
changes are controlled.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 02-01 Evaluate the use that different authors make of the terms change agent, change manager, and
change leader.
2. Which of the following images is most likely to help managers be aware of potential
component breakdowns and see their role in terms of maintenance and repair?
A. A machine image
B. A microculture image
C. A political image
D. A macroculture image
Learning Objective: 02-02 Understand the importance of organizational images and mental models.

2-14
3. strategies assume that people pursue their own self-interest.
C. Power-coercive
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 02-03 Compare and contrast six different images of managing change and change managers.
4. strategies assume that changes occur when people abandon their traditional, normative
orientations and commit to new ways of thinking.
C. Power-coercive
Difficulty: 1 Easy
5. strategies rely on achieving the intended outcomes through the compliant behavior of
those who have less power.
C. Power-coercive
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-15
6. In change outcomes, it is assumed that some, but not all, change intentions are
achievable.
A. intended
C. unintended
D. partially completed
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7. In change outcomes, the dominant assumption is that intended change outcomes can
be achieved as planned.
A. intended
C. unintended
D. partially unintended
Difficulty: 1 Easy
8. Which of the following images of change outcomes recognizes that managers often have great
difficulty in achieving the change outcomes that were intended?
D. Partially unintended change outcomes
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-16
9. Which of the following is NOT one of the images of change outcomes discussed in the text?
D. Partially completed change outcomes
Difficulty: 1 Easy
10. The internal forces that can push change in unplanned directions include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. interdepartmental politics.
B. long-established working practices that are difficult to dislodge.
C. deep-seated perceptions and values that are inconsistent with desired change.
Difficulty: 3 Hard
11. The external forces that can push change in unplanned directions include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. long-established working practices that are difficult to dislodge.
B. confrontational industrial relations.
C. legislative requirements.
Difficulty: 3 Hard

2-17
12. Which of the following images is most likely to view management as controlling and change
outcomes as being achievable as planned?
D. The coach image
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 02-04 Explain the theoretical underpinning of different change management images.
13. In the image, control is at the heart of management action, although a variety of external
factors mean that, although change managers may achieve some intended change outcomes,
they may have little control over other results.
A. director
B. navigator
C. caretaker
D. coach
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-18
14. In the image, the management role is still one of control, although the ability to exercise
that control is severely constrained by a range of internal and external forces that propel
change relatively independent of management intentions.
A. nurturer
B. caretaker
C. coach
D. interpreter
Difficulty: 1 Easy
15. In the image, the assumption is that change managers can intentionally shape an
organization's capabilities in particular ways.
A. navigator
B. caretaker
C. coach
D. director
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-19
16. A change manager as has the task of creating meaning for others, helping them to
make sense of events and developments that, in themselves, constitute a changed
organization.
A. navigator
B. caretaker
C. director
D. interpreter
Difficulty: 1 Easy
17. The image of change manager as assumes that even small changes can have a large
impact on organizations, and that managers may be unable to control the outcomes of these
changes.
A. nurturer
B. navigator
C. director
D. caretaker
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-20
18. Which of the following argues that organizational change is nonlinear, is fundamental rather
than incremental, and does not necessarily entail growth?
A. Confucian theory
B. Chaos theory
C. Taoist theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy
19. In , change is regarded as cyclical, processional, journey-oriented, based on maintaining
equilibrium, observed and followed by those who are involved, and normal rather than
exceptional.
A. Confucian/Taoist theory
B. chaos theory
C. population ecology theory
D. institutional theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy
20. Which of the following images is most likely associated with the image of a manager being
able to shape change?
D. The coach image

2-21
Difficulty: 1 Easy
21. Which of the following images is most likely associated with the image of a manager being
able to control change?
B. The coach image
C. The interpreter image
D. The nurturer image
Difficulty: 1 Easy
22. argue that organizational changes unfold over time in a messy and iterative manner,
and thus rely on the image of change manager as navigator.
A. Processual theories
B. Contingency theories
C. Taoist and Confucian theories
D. Institutional theories
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-22
23. Which of the following theories does NOT reinforce the caretaker image of managers of
change?
C. Chaos theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy
24. views organizations passing through well-defined stages from birth to growth, maturity,
and then decline or death.
C. Chaos theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy
25. According to life-cycle theory, the second stage of the natural developmental cycle of an
organization is _.
A. birth
B. growth
C. maturity
D. death
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-23
26. focuses on how the environment selects organizations for survival or extinction, drawing
on biology and neo-Darwinism.
C. Chaos theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy
27. argues that change managers take broadly similar decisions and actions across whole
populations of organizations.
C. Chaos theory
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-24
28. According to DiMaggio and Powell, which of the following is NOT one of the pressures
associated with the similarities in the actions of organizations that result from the
interconnectedness of organizations that operate in the same sector or environment?
B. Mimetic pressure
D. Ethical pressure
Difficulty: 1 Easy
29. According to DiMaggio and Powell, government-mandated changes are an example of
pressure.
A. coercive
B. mimetic
C. normative
D. initiated
Difficulty: 1 Easy
30. According to DiMaggio and Powell, when organizations imitate the structures and practices of
other organizations in their field, they succumb to pressure.
A. coercive
B. mimetic
C. normative
D. replicated

2-25
Difficulty: 1 Easy
31. occurs when there is professionalization of work such that managers in different
organizations adopt similar values and working methods that are similar to each other.
B. Mimetic pressure
D. Replicated pressure
Difficulty: 1 Easy
32. By stressing the importance of values such as humanism, democracy, and individual
development, the organization development (OD) theory reinforces the image of a change
manager as _.
A. coach
B. interpreter
C. nurturer
D. caretaker
Difficulty: 1 Easy
True / False Questions

2-26
33. The image of management as a controlling function has deep historical roots.
TRUE
Difficulty: 1 Easy
34. The image of management as a shaping function, enhancing both individual and
organizational capabilities, has deep roots.
TRUE
Difficulty: 1 Easy
35. Power-coercive strategies rely on achieving the intended outcomes through the compliant
behavior of those who have less power.
TRUE
Difficulty: 1 Easy
36. Power-coercive strategies of change assume that changes occur when people abandon their
old orientations and commit to new ones.
FALSE

2-27
37. Both intended and unintended consequences may emerge from the actions of change
managers.
TRUE
Difficulty: 1 Easy
38. There has been less attention paid to the images of intended change outcomes in
commentary on change management than to unintended change outcomes.
FALSE
39. Maturity is the final stage of the natural development cycle of an organization according to life-
cycle theory.
FALSE
Difficulty: 1 Easy
40. Population ecology theory draws on biology and neo-Darwinism.
TRUE
Difficulty: 1 Easy

2-28
41. According to population ecology theory, organizational variation occurs as the result of random
chance.
TRUE
42. In general, the implication of population ecology theory is that managers have little sway over
change where whole populations of organizations are affected by external forces.
TRUE
43. The caretaker and nurturer images are more frequently discussed in relation to change
management and are more widely accepted in domains of organization theory where there is
more practice orientation.
FALSE
Learning Objective: 02-05 Apply these six images of managing change to your personal preferences and approach, and to
different organizational contexts.

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Managing Organizational Change A Multiple Perspectives Approach 3rd Edition Palmer Test Bank

The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Girl's
Own Paper, Vol. XX, No. 1029, September 16,
1899

This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.
Title: The Girl's Own Paper, Vol. XX, No. 1029, September 16,
1899
Author: Various
Release date: November 15, 2020 [eBook #63772]
Most recently updated: October 18, 2024
Language: English
Credits: Produced by Susan Skinner, Chris Curnow, Pamela
Patten and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
https://www.pgdp.net
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL'S OWN
PAPER, VOL. XX, NO. 1029, SEPTEMBER 16, 1899 ***

Vol. XX.—No. 1029.] [Price One Penny.
SEPTEMBER 16, 1899.
[Transcriber’s Note: This Table of Contents was not present in the
original.]
ROSA NOUCHETTE CAREY.
VARIETIES.
THE HOUSE WITH THE VERANDAH.
THE PLEASURES OF BEE-KEEPING.
THREE GIRL-CHUMS, AND THEIR LIFE IN LONDON ROOMS.
LETTERS FROM A LAWYER.
OUR LILY GARDEN.
“UPS AND DOWNS.”
SELF-CULTURE FOR GIRLS.
SHEILA’S COUSIN EFFIE.
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
DIAPER DESIGNS FOR EMBROIDERY.

ROSA NOUCHETTE CAREY.
WRITING A NEW STORY FOR
“THE GIRL’S OWN PAPER.”
All rights reserved.]
In an age when many books on every sort of subject and vexed
question are being daily launched into the world, it is a relief to turn
to the pure, wholesome novels of Rosa Nouchette Carey, the popular
authoress, who has steadily held her ground with her public since
the production of her first book, Nellie’s Memories, composed and
related verbally to her sister, while yet in her teens, though not
actually written until some few years later.

The youngest girl but one of a family of seven, and in her girlhood
delicate in health, which caused her education to be somewhat
desultory, Rosa Carey soon displayed an aptitude for composing
fiction and little plays which she and her sister acted, one of her
chief amusements being to select favourite characters from history
and from fiction, and trying to personify them, while her greatest
pleasure was to relate short stories to this same younger sister over
their needlework. It is a strange fact that, during her simple, happy,
uneventful girlhood, chiefly spent in reading, in writing poetry, and in
other girlish occupations, Rosa Carey, who was of a somewhat
dreamy and romantic disposition, feeling the impossibility of
combining her favourite pursuits with a useful domestic life, and
discouraged by her failures in this respect, made a deliberate and, as
it afterwards proved, a fruitless attempt to quench her longing to
write. This unnatural repression, however, of a strong instinct could
not be conquered, and after some years she yielded to it.
She was born in London, near old Bow Church, but has no very
distinct remembrances of the house and place. Later, the family
moved to Hackney, into what was then a veritable country residence,
and there many happy years were spent. Her mother was a strict
disciplinarian, and very practical and clever, while her father was a
man universally beloved and respected, by reason of his singularly
amiable character, his integrity, and his many virtues.
The next move was to Hampstead, where the young girl’s
schooldays began, and it was then that she met and formed a strong
friendship with the late Mathilde Blind, the talented author of The
Descent of Man, and translator of Marie Bashkirtseff’s Journal and
other works. This attachment, mutually enthusiastic and full of
interest, was only interrupted by a divergence of religious opinions.
Rosa Carey, adhering to the simple faith of her childhood, could not
follow Mathilde Blind, who was educated in the extreme school of
modern free-thought, and the friends, with sorrow but with yet
unabated affection on each side, drifted apart.

Meanwhile, the large and happy family was being gradually broken
up. First the beloved father passed away. On the same day that,
three years before, had witnessed his death, their mother, too, was
taken to her rest, and shortly after, the two sisters went to Croydon,
to superintend their widowed brother’s home. Miss Carey’s real
vocation in life seemed to spring up, and the literary work was but
fitfully carried on, for, on the marriage of her sister to the Rev.
Canon Simpson, vicar of Kirkby Stephen, Westmoreland, and the
subsequent death of her brother, the sole charge of the young
orphans devolved upon her.
As the years rolled by, circumstances tended to break up that home
also. The young people grew up and scattered, and out of Miss
Carey’s four charges three are now married. Then, her pleasurable
duties being accomplished, the partially disused pen was resumed,
and the author found leisure to return to literary pursuits. She has
for the last twelve years made her home in the ancient and historic
village of Putney, which, although it has lost much of its quaint and
picturesque environment since the destruction of the toll-house and
the old bridge of 1729, with its twenty narrow openings—erstwhile
the delight of artists—has yet a few “bits” left that have escaped the
hands of the Philistines.
Miss Carey’s pretty red-brick house of the Queen Anne style of
architecture, and into which she has only more recently moved, is
situated near the bend of the road. A broad gravelled path, running
the whole length of the house in front, is bordered with shrubs and
flowering plants. The spacious hall opens on the right and front into
the chief living-rooms, the long French windows of which lead into
the conservatory. One of the great attractions of the commodious
and artistic residence is the pleasant garden at the back, at once the
pride and delight of the author, where countless blackbirds,
thrushes, and other singing-birds, are wont to congregate, and
where in summer, under the gigantic chestnut tree with its widely-
spreading branches, she and her home-mates spend many a happy
hour. The home party consists likewise of her widowed sister, Mrs.
Simpson, and of her friend, Helen Marion Burnside, the well-known

poet and author of The Deaf Girl Next Door, and of a lately-
published volume entitled Driftweed.
The drawing-room is bright and cheerful with its wide, lofty window,
and pretty side windows, its parquet floor liberally strewn with
Persian rugs, and its cosy corner hung with Oriental tapestries. Miss
Carey’s own study is upstairs, half-way up the wide staircase, and
overlooks the garden. There is an oak knee-hole writing-table, with
raised blotting-pad. On one side well-filled bookcases, here a low
spring couch, there lounging-chairs, big and little, and a cabinet
covered with photographs, together with vases of flowers, and many
little odds and ends of china. The whole is restful to the eye,
thoroughly comfortable and attractive. Amid these peaceful
surroundings Miss Carey writes her novels. She recalls to mind a
little anecdote connected with her earliest effort—Nellie’s Memories.
With no introduction, and quite unacquainted then with any
publishers, she took the MSS., with much trepidation, to Mr. Tinsley,
who refused to read it. This was a great disappointment, and some
months later, she mentioned the matter to Mrs. Westerton, of
Westerton’s Library. This kindly woman volunteered to induce him to
change his mind, and did so with such good effect that, on hearing
at a wedding-party the reader’s opinion was distinctly favourable,
she hastened away from the festive gathering to impart the good
news to the young author, a kindness that Miss Carey declares she
“shall always remember with gratitude, and the very dress that the
good-natured messenger wore on the occasion is stamped upon her
recollection for evermore.”
This pretty domestic story of English home-life found favour with the
public from the outset. It became widely known, and has been
constantly republished up to the present date. The girl-author’s
name and fame were made at once, at which no one seemed
surprised but she. Old and young alike “took to” the charming tale,
free from any dramatic incidents or mystery, owing to the unflagging
interest, and the high tone of the work, not to speak of the striking
individuality of the characters. Wee Wifie followed, and the author,
who alone pronounced it to be a failure, actually refused at first to

allow it to be brought out again when demanded lately, as she
feared it might not add to her literary reputation, but upon being
pressed, she re-wrote and lengthened it, without, however, altering
the plot, and it has passed into a new edition.
Among her succeeding novels, which are too well known to need
more than a passing comment, may be noted Barbara Heathcote’s
Trial, Robert Ord’s Atonement, Wooed and Married, Heriot’s Choice,
and Mary St. John. Ever anxious to do good and not harm, and to
write books that any mother can give her girls to read, Rosa Carey’s
works are characterised by a tendency to elevate to lofty aspirations,
to noble ideas, and to purity of thought. During her residence at
Putney she has also written Lover or Friend, Only the Governess,
The Search for Basil Lyndhurst, Sir Godfrey’s Grand-daughters, The
Old, Old Story, The Mistress of Brae Farm, and Other People’s Lives
—a collection of short stories—while her latest book is entitled
Mollie’s Prince. In The Girl’s Own Paper her short stories, which run
serially for six months, are well known and eagerly looked for. In
these, alike as in her longer works, the descriptive power, the fertility
of resource and originality, prove that unceasing interest can be
maintained while dwelling in a thoroughly healthy literary
atmosphere. The first chapters of a new story will appear in our next
monthly part.
It is clearly noticeable that while some of Rosa Carey’s earlier books
indicate a tone of sadness running through them—a circumstance
that she is somewhat inclined to regret, but they were tinged with
many years of sorrow—the healing hand of time has done its
merciful work, and she now writes in a more cheerful vein. Nor is
there wanting a strong sense of quiet fun and humour which
especially permeates her delightful novel Not Like Other Girls, a book
that should surely stimulate many young women to follow the
example of the three plucky heroines therein depicted with so much
spirit.
While never exactly forming plots, when Miss Carey is about to begin
a story, she thinks of one character, and works around that,

meditating well the while over the others to be introduced. Then she
starts writing, and soon gets so completely to live in and with her
creations, that she feels a sense of loss and blank when the book is
coming to an end, and while she has to wait until another grows in
her mind. But, after all, her writing—the real work of her life—has
often to be made a secondary consideration, for in her strong sense
of family duty and devotion, and being the pivot round which its
many members turn in sorrow or in sickness, the most important
professional work is apt to be laid aside if she can do aught to
comfort or to relieve them.
Nor have her sympathies been exclusively limited to her own people.
Ever fond of girls, and keenly interested in their welfare, Miss Carey
conducted for many years a weekly class that had been formed in
connection with the Fulham Sunday School for young girls and
servants over fifteen years of age, many of whom have had good
reason to remember with gratitude the kindly encouragement and
the wise counsel bestowed upon them by the gentle and
sympathetic author, Rosa Nouchette Carey.
Helen C. Black.

VARIETIES.
Mansions.
“I am glad that His house hath mansions,
For I shall be tired at first,
And I’m glad He hath bread and water of life,
For I shall be hungry and thirst.
I am glad that the house is His, not mine,
For He will be in it, and near,
To take from me the grief I have brought,
And to wipe away every tear.”
T. O. Paine.
Death the Gate of Life.—Plato, the great Athenian philosopher, who
was born 427 years before Christ, recognised the doctrine that death
is but the gate of life. “My body,” he says, “must descend to the
place ordained, but my soul will not descend. Being a thing immortal
it will ascend on high, where it will enter a heavenly abode. Death
does not differ at all from life.”
Useless Trouble.

“Why lose we life in anxious cares,
To lay in hoards for future years?
Can these, when tortured by disease,
Cheer our sick heart, or purchase ease?
Can these prolong one gasp of breath,
Or calm the troubled hour of death?”
Gay.
Women in Burma.—In Burma women are probably more free and
happy than they are anywhere else in the world. Though Burma is
bounded on one side by China, where women are held in contempt,
and on the other by India, where they are kept in the strictest
seclusion, Burmese women have achieved for themselves, and have
been permitted by the men to attain, a freedom of life and action
that has no parallel amongst Oriental peoples. Perhaps the secret
lies in the fact that the Burmese woman is active and industrious,
whilst the Burmese man is indolent and often a recluse.
She knew Nothing of Cycles.
Here is a story for cyclists. At a party on the Scottish Border last
autumn, to which many guests rode on their cycles, the hostess
made elaborate arrangements for the care of the machines, and a
system of ticketing similar to that in use at hotel cloak-rooms was
adopted, each cyclist being provided with a check ticket.
The housekeeper was entrusted with the care of the machines and
the issuing of the tickets, and as they arrived the machines were
carefully stored and labelled so that there should be no difficulty
when they were required again.
But the housekeeper was not a cyclist and did not understand the
mysteries of the pneumatic tyre. She pinned the labels on to the
front tyres of the machines, where they could best be seen, and
took good care that the pins were stuck well into the tyres.

The language that was heard when the guests came to take their
machines away, was, as may well be supposed, more emphatic than
polite.

THE HOUSE WITH THE VERANDAH.
By ISABELLA FYVIE MAYO, Author of “Other
People’s Stairs,” “Her Object in Life,” etc.
CHAPTER XXV.
THE NEWS THAT CAME AT LAST.
RS. Bray’s end did not prove so imminent as her
faithful Rachel had feared. She lingered on,
though still unable to leave Bath for return to her
desolated home. So Florence Brand came back to
London, but she and Jem still often took “a week’s
end” to run westward and visit the old lady. They
never offered to take Lucy with them, and if “Jem”
could not go Florence went alone. As for Lucy, she
often yearned for those associations with her old
easy girlish life which she would have found in Mrs. Bray’s presence.
Such associations help to uphold our sense of identity, and often
comfort us by revealing our own growth. They keep us tender, too,
and tolerant, reviving the consciousness of what we were ourselves
before we learned bitter lessons which may not yet have come to
others. Also they strengthen us by revealing that not even to regain
our old careless joys could we willingly be again our old careless
selves. It is the “look backward” which best spurs us to go forward.
But Lucy could not afford any “unnecessaries” of leisure or railway
travel. She turned at once to her life of steady labour, knowing that
she must be henceforth a working woman, not for any temporary
exigency, but as part of the natural and persistent order of things.

Even thus she had problems to solve. Her earned income, more or
less uncertain, was not adequate for the reliable upkeep of the home
of her married life. Nor could the demands upon it grow less, since
Hugh’s education and start in life had to be taken into account.
Lucy could not yet give up all hope of her husband’s return. But her
sweet, sane nature speedily realised that whatever hopes she might
secretly cherish, she must nevertheless act as though Charlie had
indeed “sailed for that other shore” whence he “could not come back
to her.”
Yet these secret hopes made it very hard to contemplate the
surrender of the home Charlie and she had made together—the sale
of the leasehold, the dispersion and shrinkage of the household
gods. These seemed almost sacred now when they might be all that
remained of the old life.
The Brands warmly advocated giving up the house and selling off
the furniture.
“It may not bring in much,” Florence said airily, “but what it does
Jem will get well invested in some paying concern. Then you and the
boy can board with somebody. You may do that moderately enough,
for people who are glad to take boarders can often be screwed down
to low terms. Then apart from that definite outlay, you’ll have
whatever you can earn for yourself, and you’ll have no more worry
with housekeeping. Many would envy such a lot. You see there are
compensations in all things.”
Then it struck Florence that Lucy’s hesitancy might arise from
reluctance to give up all hope of Charlie’s return, so she added
hastily—
“And if what we all hope for should really happen, why, you would
still have your capital, and you could buy another leasehold and get
new furniture; it would just make a lovely new beginning!”
Lucy shook her head.

“I don’t want to do this if I can find some other way,” she said. “No
other house could be to us what this one is, nor any new furniture
that which Charlie and I bought bit by bit in our courting days.
Practically speaking, too, breakings-up and sales, and buyings again,
all mean loss in cash as well as in feelings.”
“Then, too, if you and the boy were boarding,” Florence went on
hurriedly, “your wants would be drawn within narrow and defined
limits, so that if there was any sort of misfortune, it would not be
difficult for us to help you. We are not really rich, Lucy. We live as
we do and spend as we do only that we may go on getting more.
That is the way with one-half of the people in society. It’s trying. It
tells upon Jem, it’s that which makes him take so much wine,” she
whispered. “I should not like my family to heap any burdens on
Jem.”
“I shall not do that, Florence,” replied Lucy, cool and quiet now,
where once she would have been indignant and stung. “I shall
certainly not allow myself to get into debt. I will look well ahead. If
we have to go to the workhouse, I will make our own arrangements
for going there!”
Other people took counsel with Lucy in a far different spirit. Miss
Latimer said Lucy might rely on her remaining with her as long as
they could possibly share a common home. That added her little
income to the household funds. “Little indeed,” she said, but Lucy
answered—
“Every little helps. And the greatest help is in the knowledge that
one does not bear one’s burden alone.”
“Ay, two are better than one,” rejoined the old governess, “and a
threefold cord is not quickly broken.”
“I’d like to be the third cord, but I’m only a bit of twine,” said Tom.
Another and stouter strand was soon to be woven into the
household coil for that “long pull and strong pull” which Lucy was
determined to make. The death of his old landlord had broken up
the house where Mr. Somerset had hitherto lived. Diffidently, as if he

were asking a great favour, he inquired if Lucy could entertain the
idea of allowing him to rent her first floor, for which he was willing to
pay a rent which at once made a substantial addition to the
household finance.
As for poor Tom Black, he was distressed to think how small his
payments were. “If he went away,” he said, “somebody more
profitable might occupy his place.” Lucy had to reassure him by her
own words and by the sight of Hugh’s tears at the bare thought of
“Tom’s going away.”
Three months later Tom got a rise in his salary, and then he insisted
on raising his monthly board fee. Lucy was slightly reluctant and
almost aggrieved, but when she saw the lad’s face beaming with the
power of his new prosperity, she let him have his own way in the
matter.
So life settled down. Florence resented that her sister had chosen
“to turn into a lodging-house keeper.” Lucy marvelled to note how
strangely it “comes natural” to some women to belittle and contemn
those ways of honest industry which lie nearest to woman’s true
nature—housekeeping, house-serving, the care of the aged, and the
young, and the solitary. And, oh, the pity of it! if such belittlement
and contempt tend to relegate these high womanly functions only to
unworthy “eye-servants”!
Months passed, yet the silence of the seas remained unbroken. Now
and then Lucy and the captain’s wife wrote and asked how each
fared. There came no day when either drew a line across life and
forbade that hope should cross it. They did not put on widow’s
mourning, yet when Lucy had to buy a new dress or ribbon, Miss
Latimer noticed that she bought it of black or of soberest grey.
Months of such waiting had gone by ere Lucy wonderingly observed
that there came to her no more her old nightmare vision of herself
struggling lonely between a wild heath and a dead wall against a
midnight storm. There was a sense in which the allegory of that
vision was converted into fact—the silence as of death on one hand,

the great rough world on the other, the storm of sorrow beating on
herself. Yet now she realised that God Himself was with her on the
dark wild way—she was not alone—and that made all the difference.
God does not promise to uphold us in our fears and forebodings.
These ought not to be. He has promised to be with us and to
comfort us when the dark days shall really come.
Lucy never gave voice to many of her deepest experiences at that
time—that secret speech which the Father keeps for each of His
children. Sometimes it seemed to her as if shafts of light penetrated
her very being, revealing or illuminating the most solemn mysteries
of life. Sometimes she thought of Paul’s allusion to being “caught up
into the third heaven” and “hearing unspeakable words which it is
not lawful for a man to utter.”
This fleeting glory would fade out of Lucy’s soul even as sunshine
fades off the earth. Yet Lucy felt that those “hours of insight” left her
seeing “all things new.”
Lucy began to understand how martyrs can smile and speak
cheerfully at their stake, because from that standpoint their
developed spiritual stature lifts them to wider horizons than others
know. What a message the blue sky must have had for the white
depths of the Colosseum! Yet these things can never be told or
written. Whoever would know them must learn them for themselves,
though it be but “in part.” But it is because of these things that faith
and hope and love have never died out of the world, since all the
forces of unfaith and despair and cruelty end only in producing them
afresh, because they are of the eternal life of God.
Lucy’s picture-dealer felt kindly towards the quiet client who gave so
little trouble, showed so little self-conceit, and, while steadily
business-like, was never exacting or suspicious. He thought “it would
do Mrs. Challoner no harm” if he told her that one or two purchasers
had said, “There is something in that lady’s sketches which we miss
in many greater artists,” one old lady adding that “when she looked
at Lucy’s pictures, she felt as if there was a soft voice beside her
whispering something pleasant.”

That brought the tears to Lucy’s eyes and made her feel very
humble, possibly because she could not deny to herself that there
was truth in the gracious words. Oh, to have Charlie again, and yet
to be all that she had grown into since he had gone away—since this
awful silence! And an inner voice bade her take cheer, for was not
this what was sure to happen here or there—sooner or later?
“What a pitiful bliss we should make for ourselves if we were left to
do it without God!” Lucy cried, thinking even of the sweetest dreams
of courting days, the best aspirations of married life. For after one
taste of “the peace which passeth understanding,” one vision of the
joy which has absorbed the strength of sorrow into it, mere
“happiness” looks but a poor thing, even as a child’s cheap, pretty
toy shows beside a masterpiece of genius.
Lucy’s slumbers now were deep and calm. Almost every morning she
awoke with a sense of refreshment, as when one returns to labour
after being among kind hearts in lovely places. Sometimes she knew
she had dreamed, and such dream memories as lingered, elusive,
for a few waking moments, were always bright and cheering. Visions
of Charlie had come during the first nights after the great blow. He
never seemed to speak, but he was always smiling, always confident
that all was well and would be well. His dream form always
appeared in positions and in scenes which Lucy could recall as
having figured in peculiarly happy times. And yet these scenes had
been at the time so slight and evanescent that Lucy had quite
forgotten them till the dream revived the remembrance. It was as if,
in her sleep, her soul was drawn so near the light and warmth of
love that even the invisible records of memory started into view.
After those first few occasions Charlie came no more into any dream
which she could recall even at the instant of waking. But the
soothing spirit of hope and reassurance remained. If she dreamed of
Florence, Florence wore the simple frocks of her girlhood and spoke
as she used to do. Jem Brand, too, appeared only on his kind and
helpful side. Once she had a curious dream of seeing two Jem
Brands exactly alike, save that one was fresh and smiling and

friendly, and inclined to nudge his strange dissipated-looking twin,
and to ask why he was so grumpy and heavy. In her sleep, too, she
saw Mrs. Morison, and Jane Smith, and Clementina, and each was
back in her old place and doing well. Lucy could never remember
what passed between them and her in the land of sleep, but
somehow she knew it was something that explained things,
something which made them feel that the past could not have ended
otherwise than it had, but which also made her feel that it was quite
natural that they should begin again and do better.
She thought to herself once as she awoke—
“I feel as if wherever Charlie is I am in his every thought, and that
his every thought is a prayer always ascending on every way by
which it can bring back blessing.”
It was about this time that it struck Lucy that strangers very often
spoke to her. She scarcely ever entered an omnibus or a railway
carriage without somebody appealing to her for some trifling
assistance, or confiding to her some little difficulty which they
seemed to think might grow clearer if it were talked over. Once or
twice she noticed that old folks or little children let ever so many
people pass them by and then asked her to ring a stiff bell for them
or to decipher an address.
Sometimes she caught herself softly repeating Adelaide Proctor’s
lines—

“Who is the angel that cometh?
Pain!
Let us arise and go forth to greet him.
Not in vain
Is the summons gone for us to meet him;
He will stay and darken our sun;
He will stay
A desolate night, a weary day.
Since in that shadow our work is done,
And in that shadow our crowns are won,
Let us say still, while his bitter chalice
Slowly into our heart is poured—
‘Blessed is he that cometh
In the name of the Lord!’”
Of course beneath all this high experience ran the undercurrent of
simple daily living. Lucy was in no danger of losing hold of the
practical. She had her regular duties at the Institute, and many little
opportunities for the exercise of tact and common sense at home.
The little household had a real organic unity in its common service of
true friendship, but that did not rub off all the little human angles.
Sometimes Pollie would say that “Mrs. May was more particular than
a real mistress.” Sometimes Miss Latimer found a trial in the romps
of Hugh and Tom Black. Mr. Somerset adopted vegetarianism and
puzzled Mrs. May by desiring her to concoct dishes which seemed to
her unsatisfactory and uncanny. But each trusted the other.
Everybody knew that everybody meant well. If a sharp word were
spoken unwarily, a kind word followed hard upon it. Each understood
that all joys and trials were common property; shares therein might
differ, but everybody had a share.
So the weeks grew into months, and the months completed a year.
One evening Lucy was sitting in the dining-room glancing over her
completed balance sheet with its tiny “surplus,” when suddenly it
seemed to her that there was a new sound in the very rumble of the

cab which was depositing Mr. Somerset as usual at the door, after his
day’s study at the British Museum. She looked up, her pen in her
hand listening.
Mr. Somerset generally went straight to his own apartments.
Occasionally, however, when he had any news to tell or any request
to make, he looked in upon the little party in the dining-room.
He did so now.
He sat down on the sofa and said abruptly—
“Mrs. Challoner, do you think joy ever hurts anybody?”
“Surely not,” she said, looking up with wide eyes. “The Bible says
that hope deferred maketh the heart sick, but that when the desire
cometh, it is a tree of life.”
“Do you feel sure, dear friend, that you could bear——”
She had risen from her seat with clasped hands.
“Mr. Somerset, Mr. Somerset!” she gasped.
He rose too.
“Trust me,” he said, gently leading her mind to its new attitude. “I
would not stir expectation ever so lightly for nothing. To-day I have
received a message from the shipping office to deliver to you. Listen!
The long looked-for word has come at last. Charlie lives! Charlie is
quite well! Charlie is coming home! He is on his way!”
Lucy did not faint. She did not cry out. She sat quite quiet for a
moment, and then broke into a peal of low happy laughter, which
died away in a flood of soft healing tears, from which she looked up
and said—
“Is it all true? Is it quite true? I can scarcely believe it!”
(To be continued.)

THE PLEASURES OF BEE-KEEPING.
By F. W. L. SLADEN.
PART V.
UGUST is the month we most associate with all
the active interests of the height of summer,
but the bees in the hive are already quieting
down and making preparations for their long
winter sleep. The duty of the bee-keeper will be
to make sure that these preparations are
properly carried out by assisting them if
necessary. One reason for their diminished
activity is the disappearance of several honey-
producing flowers on which the bees depend
for their main crop. Breeding is not kept up so
largely—the brood nest growing smaller; and
many cells that contained brood last month will now be filled up with
honey and pollen. Most of the bees now in the hive are to survive
the coming winter, and they must preserve their energies as much
as possible, because the colony will stand in great need of their
services in the following spring. The drones, who gather no honey,
and are of no further use in the hive are now attacked and killed, or
turned out of the hive to perish from exposure. The ejection of the
drones is rather a gruesome proceeding, but it is one that should
give satisfaction to the bee-keeper, because it shows that the colony
possesses a healthy and vigorous queen, and this, of course, is an
essential condition for its well-being.
All through this month robbing will have to be guarded against, as,
now that honey is scarce, it is easily induced, especially where there

are a number of hives. To prevent robbing, the hives should not be
opened too often, and then only late in the afternoon, and the work
done as speedily as possible. No drops of honey or syrup should be
left about, and if feeding is going on, care should be taken to
prevent any bees from outside getting to the feeder.
When robbing and fighting are found to be in progress, the best
means of checking the trouble will be to reduce the entrance of the
hive with perforated zinc, so as to allow only one bee to pass in or
out at a time. A rag soaked in a weak solution of Calvert’s No. 5
carbolic acid, wrung out nearly dry, and spread out on the alighting
board will also help to keep the robbers off.
These measures need not be taken unless there is considerable
excitement around the hive entrance. At this time of year there will
often be a few strangers on the alighting board, which get pulled
about rather roughly by little groups of over-zealous sentinels, but
no notice need be taken of this.
The middle or end of August will be time enough to think about
getting the bees into condition for the winter. A careful inspection of
all the hives should now be made, and the following points carefully
noted:
(1.) Every colony should have a good laying queen. The appearance
of worker brood in all stages will be sufficient evidence of her
presence without our taking the trouble to hunt her up.
(2.) The colony must be strong, the bees crowding on at least six
standard frames.
(3.) The combs must contain not less than twenty pounds of good
honey for food during the winter.
These three conditions being fulfilled, we may be satisfied that the
colony is in good condition to withstand the rigours of winter without
further attention, and only requires to be wrapped up warmly later
on before the advent of cold weather.

If, however, the colony should happen to be queenless, or weak
(that is, covering less than six standard frames), it will have to be
united to another colony. Thus, two colonies, neither of which,
alone, would be strong enough to stand the winter, can be united
together to form one strong colony, which, if properly looked after,
will almost certainly turn out strong in the spring and do well the
following year.
The colonies which are to be united should stand near to one
another; by this I mean within a yard or two of one another. If they
are further apart or have several other hives standing between
them, they will have to be brought together, the moving being done
by degrees, a yard or two at a time, and only on fine days during
which the bees fly freely, otherwise many bees will be lost.
For the operation of uniting a flour-dredger will be required,
containing about half-a-pint of flour. Also a goose-wing for brushing
the bees off the combs. The dome queen-cage is an appliance that
may come in useful. It is made of tinned wire-cloth, and shaped like
the strainer that is sometimes hung from the spout of a tea-pot to
retain the leaves. Such tea-strainers make very good queen-cages.
To use the queen-cage it is pressed into the comb with the queen
inside.
The hive to contain the united colonies should be placed midway
between the two old stands. The alighting-boards should be
extended by means of the hiving-board which was used in hiving the
swarm.
A bright calm afternoon will be the best time to do the uniting. We
have already seen that bees belonging to different colonies when
mixed will not, under ordinary circumstances, agree. If, however,
they are prevented from recognising one another they will unite
together quite peaceably, and this condition may be brought about
by dusting them over with flour. Every comb must therefore be lifted
out of both hives and the bees on them well powdered with flour
from the dredger. In replacing the combs, one from one hive should
be put next to another from the other hive, thus ensuring the better

mixing of the bees. Combs containing brood should be placed
together in the middle of the hive. The bees on the lightest of the
outside combs may be shaken off on to the hiving-board, where they
should receive a sprinkling of flour, the combs being then taken
indoors at once.
During the operation a sharp look out should be kept for the queens
on the brood combs, and if one of them should be preferred for
heading the new colony she should be caged by herself on a comb
in the manner described above to prevent any hostile workers from
attacking her. The other queen must then be found and removed,
and the bee-keeper must remember to liberate the caged queen on
the following day. If left to themselves, however, the workers soon
learn to recognise one of the queens as their mother, so that the
trouble of finding and caging the queen is not really necessary in
uniting, but it is an additional safeguard which the practised bee-
keeper is glad to be able to take advantage of.
It was stated just now that the presence of worker-brood in the hive
was sufficient evidence of the presence of a good queen. In some
cases where there is a bad queen or no queen at all, drone-brood
may be found in the hive. Usually the bees build a special comb with
cells of a larger pattern for raising drone-brood in, but a bad queen
will often lay drone eggs in worker-cells. In either case drone-brood
may be known from worker-brood by its raised convex cappings, the
capping over the worker-brood being almost flat. The best thing to
do with a drone-raising colony is to unite it to another good colony
without delay in the manner described above.
Having settled the question of strength, the next thing to see about
will be the food supply. If each hive does not possess the minimum
weight of 20 lb. of stored honey, combs containing food must be
given from another hive that can spare them, or syrup must be
supplied through the feeder.
Syrup for winter use must be made thicker than that used for
stimulating in the summer, 10 lbs. of cane sugar being dissolved in
only 5 pints of water. The syrup must be given quickly (5 or 6 lb.

every day), otherwise much of it may be used for raising brood. For
this purpose special rapid feeders, made to hold 6 lb. of syrup, are
made.
If the stock-box contains more than 30 lb. of honey, we may take
and extract the surplus from the outside combs, or one of these
combs might with advantage be given to a colony that stands in
need of it.
Bee-keepers who live in the heather districts of Scotland and the
north of England will now be reaping the late honey harvest that this
plant affords, getting their supers filled with the delicious heather-
honey, which is so highly esteemed for its fine flavour. Persons
keeping a few colonies a little distance from the moors find it worth
their while to send their bees there while the heather is in bloom.
Heather-honey has a deep colour. It is so thick that it is extremely
difficult to remove it from the comb by means of the honey
extractor. It should therefore be stored in sections, as these do not
require extracting. Sections of heather-honey should fetch about
threepence more than ordinary sections.
What to do with the honey obtained from their bees is a question, I
expect, that will not trouble many of my readers. Still it will be a
good thing to know some of the uses of honey. In the first place it is
delicious eaten with bread and butter. It contains grape sugar, which
makes it wholesome and easily digested, and particularly good for
children in moderate quantities. Honey-vinegar and mead when well
made are acknowledged to be excellent. As an ingredient in cakes
and confectionary, honey greatly improves them. A delicious flavour
is imparted to tea or coffee if sweetened with honey instead of
sugar. “My son, eat thou honey, because it is good” (Proverbs xxiv.
13) is the recommendation the wise King Solomon gave honey.
Honey is also valuable as a medicine. Mixed with the juice of lemons
it is universally acknowledged to be one of the best remedies for
sore throat and cough. It has been proved to be beneficial in cases
of rheumatism, hoarseness, and affections of the chest.

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Managing Organizational Change A Multiple Perspectives Approach 3rd Edition Palmer Test Bank

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