Manner clauses
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This document discusses manner clauses, which are used to describe how something is done or how someone does something. It provides examples of using "as" and "as if/as though" in manner clauses, including emphasizing that the information in a manner clause with "as if/as though" may not be true. It also discusses using "like", "the way", and "how" to talk about manner. Manner clauses add detail about the way an action is performed or a state exists.
Manner clauses
- 2. Manner Clauses When you want to say how someone does something, or how something is done, you use ‘as’. He behaves as he does, because his father was really cruel to him. The bricks are still made as they were in Roman times.
- 3. Manner Clauses You often use ‘just’, ‘exactly’, or ‘precisely’ in front of ‘as’ for emphasis. It swims on the sea floor just as it’s ancestors did. I like the freedom to plan my day exactly as I want.
- 4. Manner Clauses When you want to indicate that the information in the manner clause might not be true, or is definitely not true, you use ‘as if’ or ‘as though’. She reacted as if she didn’t know about the race. She acts as though she owns the place.
- 5. Manner Clauses After ‘as if’ or ‘as though’, you often use a past tense even when you are talking about the present, to emphasize that the information in the manner clause is not true. In formal English you use ‘were’ instead of ‘was’.
- 6. Manner Clauses Presidents can’t dispose of companies as if people didn’t exist. She treats him as though he was her own son. He looked at me as though I were mad.
- 7. Manner Clauses You can also use ‘as if’ or ‘as though’ so say how someone or something feels, looks, or sounds. She felt as if she had a fever. He looked as if he hadn’t slept very much. Mary sounded as though she had just run all the way.
- 8. Manner Clauses You can also use ‘it looks’ and ‘it sounds’ with ‘as if’ and ‘as though’. It looks to me as if he wrote down some notes. It sounds to me as though he’s just being awkward.
- 9. Manner Clauses When the subject of the manner clause and the main clause are the same, you can often use a participle in the manner clause and omit the subject and the verb ‘be’ He ran off to the house as if escaping. He shook is head as though dazzled by his own vision.
- 10. Manner Clauses You can also use ‘as if’ or ‘as though’ with a ‘to’-infinitive clause. As if to remind him, the church clock struck eleven.
- 11. Manner Clauses In informal speech, people often use ‘like’ instead of ‘as if’ or ‘as’ to say how a person feels, looks, or sounds. Some speakers of English think that this use of ‘like’ is incorrect. He felt like he’d won the pools. You look like you’ve seen a ghost. You talk just like your father does.
- 12. Manner Clauses You can also use ‘like’ in a prepositional phrase to say how someone does something. He was sleeping like a baby. I behaved like an idiot, and I’m sorry.
- 13. Manner Clauses You also use ‘the way (that)’, ‘in a way (that)’, or ‘in the way (that)’ to talk about how someone does something, or how something is done.
- 14. Manner Clauses I was never allowed to sing the way I wanted to. They did it in a way that I had never seen before. We make it move in the way that we want it to.
- 15. Manner Clauses You can use ‘how’ in questions and reported questions to talk about the message used to do something, and sometimes to indicate your surprise that it was possible to do it. ‘How did he get in?’ - ‘He broke a window.’ I wondered how he could afford a new car.
- 16. Manner Clauses Sometimes you can use ‘how’ to talk about the manner in which someone does something. I watched how he did it, then tried to copy him. Tell me how he reacted when he saw you.
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