Mapping and monitoring the homeless problem at local level
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The document discusses the glocalisation of homeless policies and the role of local authorities in enhancing homeless strategies through transnational cooperation in Helsinki. It presents statistics on the homeless population, housing stock, and types of social housing available, detailing the challenges and future objectives aimed at reducing homelessness in the region. The report highlights the importance of adapting tenant selection and housing concepts to better serve vulnerable groups.
Mapping and monitoring the homeless problem at local level
- 1. Committee of Regions Brussels 11 May 2006 GLOCALISATION OF HOMELESS POLICIES How local authorities can strengthen their homeless strategies through transnational cooperation Panel discussion 2; presentation MAPPING AND MONITORING THE HOMELESS PROBLEM AT LOCAL LEVEL Markku Leijo Deputy Head of Division, M. Soc. Sc HOUSING DIVISION CITY OF HELSINKI e-mail: markku.leijo@hel.fi
- 2. FINLAND POPULATION 5 261 250 Helsinki 560 905 Vantaa 187 281 Espoo 231 704 REGION 979 890
- 3. HOUSING STOCK OF HELSINKI, TOTAL 312 000 owner -occupied 2% 9% rental / state loaned, 25% 42% others rental / state loaned, City of Helsinki rental, free market 13% 9% Right-of-occupation dwellings others
- 4. CONCEPT SOCIAL HOUSING • Rental housing is state loaned • Occupants are low income persons or households • In selecting occupants preference is given to those whose housing needs are most urgent • The local authorities supervise the selection of occupants
- 5. SOCIAL HOUSING RENTAL DWELLING STOCK BY THE CITY OF HELSINKI Number of dwellings 41.600 Average rent 8,25 €/m2 Dwelling type, kitchen not incl. 1 room 18 % 2 rooms 46 % 3 rooms 27 % 4 rooms + 9%
- 6. RESERVATION FOR SPECIAL GROUPS homeless 2678 people suffering mental illness 855 refugees 269 handicapped 104 elderly 92 TOTAL 3998 dwellings
- 7. PREVENTION OF HOMELESSNESS rented dwellings in danger of … % 2001 2488 39,0 2002 2888 40,6 2003 3583 36,9 2004 3447 38,4 2005 3551 43,4 4000 3500 3000 Risks: 2500 in danger of - divorce 2000 homelessness - short-term contract rented dwellings 1500 - rental flat sells out 1000 - etc 500 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
- 8. DEFINITION OF HOMELESS • Persons staying outdoors • Persons living in other shelters or hostels or boarding houses for homeless people • Persons living in care homes or other housing units of social welfare authorities, rehabilitation homes or hospitals due to lack of housing • Persons living temporarily with relatives and acquantances due to lack of housing • Families and couples who have split up or are living in temporary housing due to lack of housing
- 9. SOURCES OF STATISTICS Housing Fund of Finland City of Helsinki Real Estate Department Housing Division Social Welfare Department Social Welfare Services for homeless
- 10. SINGLE HOMELESS 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Outdoors, in night 1130 1080 1 985 shelters, in dormitories In institutions 750 760 385 388 415 Temporarily with 2820 2760 2100 1900 1880 relatives and acquaintances Total 4700 4600 3515 3270 3095
- 11. SINGLE HOMELESS 5000 4500 4000 3500 2820 Temporarily with relatives and 2760 3000 acquaintances 2500 2100 In institutions 1900 1880 2000 Outdoors, in night shelters, in 1500 dormitories 1000 500 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
- 12. HOUSING SERVICES, SOCIAL SECTOR Number of places Single dwellings 2130 Supported dwellings 335 Supported homes 178 Night shelter 50 TOTAL 2693
- 13. HOUSING SERVICES, THIRD SECTOR REHABILITATION FOR ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSERS INCLUDING HOUSING (total 748) Institution places Suojapirtti 113 Setlementti-liitto 15 Syväpuro 35 Mentally ill 450 Elderly 62 HIV posit. 20 Homeless women 18 Others 35 DORMITORIES, PLACES (659) Men 557 Women 102
- 14. COOPERATION: HOUSING DIVISION AND SOCIAL SECTOR Tenant selection to city rental flats, year 2005 HOUSING DIVISION Offers total 238 (7 %) SOCIAL SERVICES IMMIGRATION CHILDREN FOR HOMELESS UNIT CARE UNIT 104 22 55 GYPSIES HOMELESS 35 FAMILIES 22
- 15. COOPERATION ON REGIONAL LEVEL • Participants Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa • Program targeted to decrease homelessness on Helsinki Region, years 2002-2005 – new production 2300 dwellings – to by free market 1000 dwellings – supported housing 600 dwellings – shelters 100 places TOTAL 4000
- 16. CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE NEW PICTURE OF HOMELESS hardly excluded people in need of special housing solutions NEW CONCEPT IN RENTAL HOUSING new principles in tenant selection and finance in new production SPECIAL OR VULNERABLE GROUP ARE NOT IN FOCUS OF DISCUSSION HELSINKI IS GOING TO BRING DOWN NEW PRODUCTION IN SOCIAL HOUSING (state loaned housing)