![ Collection of grahya drugs
Shodhana
Bhavana
Chakrikarana
Samputikarana
[Note: jarana is intermediate step for
putilohas
Danyabhraka – abhraka]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aconceptonmarana-120613051104-phpapp02/85/marana-10-320.jpg)
marana
- 2. A CONCEPT ON MARANA By Dr.Nimisha.S 2nd yr P.G scholar Dept.of Rasa Shastra
- 3. Mri – to kill/to die Marayati – act of killing Marana – vadha /process of killing1
- 4. VEDIC PERIOD-evidence of therapeutic use of metals. Atharva veda has mentioned the use of swarna for internal use SAMHITA PERIOD Use of Ayaskriti Charaka has mentioned use of tamra churna incase of garavisha for hridyavishodana Use of swarna churna will give instant result
- 5. 7th to 14th century – Rasarnava has described Marana of different metals and minerals and various equipments like musha and puta.
- 6. qÉÉrrÉïiÉå CÌiÉ qÉÉUhÉ || vÉÉåÍkÉiÉÉlÉç sÉÉåWûkÉÉiuÉÉÌS ÌuÉqÉkÉï xuÉUxÉÉÌSÍpÉÈ | AÎalÉxÉqrÉÉåaÉiÉÉå pÉxqÉÏMüUhÉÇ qÉÉUhÉÇ xqÉÚiÉqÉç ||6
- 7. In Amarakosha – 30 Avasana-death/end Alamba –tearing off/killing Nirharata-killing Parivarjana-killing/leaving Pramapana-killing Ujjasana-killing Unmandana-throwing off/killing7
- 8. Reduction in particle size Transformation into suitable compound form To make the material non irritant to G.I To increase the potency and quality of the drug Conversion into absorbable,adaptable,and assimilable form To make material suitable for therapeutic uses
- 9. PURVA KARMA 3 PRADHANA KARMA PASHCAT KARMA
- 10. Collection of grahya drugs Shodhana Bhavana Chakrikarana Samputikarana [Note: jarana is intermediate step for putilohas Danyabhraka – abhraka]
- 11. EÌ®¹ãUÉæwÉkÉãÈ xÉÉ®ïÇ Ì¢ürÉiÉå mÉåwÉhÉÉÌSMüqÉç | qÉsÉÌuÉÍNiÉrÉå rÉiiÉÑ vÉÉåkÉlÉÇ iÉÌSWûÉåcrÉiÉå ||8 When a substance is subjected to trituration with specified plant or animal resources with the help of ‘peshani’ so as to remove impurities, it is known as shodhana Objectives To remove physical and chemical impurities To make metallic substances suitable for marana
- 12. rÉccÉÔÍhÉïiÉxrÉ kÉÉiuÉÉSåSìïuÉÈ xÉÇmÉåwrÉ vÉÉåwÉhÉqÉç pÉÉuÉlÉÇ iÉlqÉiÉÇ ÌuÉ¥ÉæpÉÉïuÉlÉ cÉ ÌlÉaÉkrÉiÉå 9|| A liquid is added to the powder and is triturated till all the liquid portion is absorbed. This procedure is known as bhavana.
- 13. Carried out for 7 days Quantity of liquid-Powder should just become wet If done with kwatha -1/8th 10
- 14. xÉÑpÉÉÌuÉiÉÇ ÌWû AsmÉqÉÌmÉ SìurÉÇ xrÉÉiÉç oÉWÒûMüqÉïMÚiÉç || A less potent drug can be converted into more potent Objectives •Particle size becomes smaller after each bhavana •Shodita material and bhavana dravyas come in close contact to make a homogenous mixture •Acts as a binding material for the coming chakrika stage
- 15. Chakrika and golaka Objectives Facilitates drying process so that the duration will be less Can adjust higher amount of materials in a limited space of saravas Helps to spread homogenous heat to each particle Enhances the surface area of materials to allow maximum heat transfer during puta
- 16. Types Sarava Eranda patra – in abhraka It should be Should be inert Not so thick or thin Heat stable Good conductor of heat
- 17. Objectives To apply uniform and standard heat
- 18. PUTA UxÉÌS SìurÉmÉÉMüÉlÉÉÇ mÉëqÉÉhÉ¥ÉÉmÉlÉÇ mÉÑOûqÉç lÉå¹Éã lrÉÔlÉÉÍkÉMüÈ mÉÉMüÈ xÉÑmÉÉMüÇ ÌWûiÉqÉÉæwÉkÉqÉç || It is the process in which the degree of heat which is necessary for paka of Rasa, uparasa,maharasa or metals. The degree of heat is neither less nor more than necessary because the medicines which are prepared by using proper required application of heat is considered as hitha11
- 19. 1. Acc.to source agni puta 3 eg:lohabhasma surya/roudra puta eg.pravala bhasma chandra puta 2.acc.to apparatus & materials 3 govara eg:rasa marana bhanda eg:haratala marana gouripashana marana valuka eg:haratala marana
- 20. xuÉhÉïÂmrÉuÉkÉå ¥ÉårÉÇ mÉÑOûÇ MÑüYMÑüOûÉÌSMüqÉç | iÉÉqÉëå MüɸÉÌShÉÉqÉç uÉÎlWûsÉÉæWåû aÉeÉmÉÑOûÉÌlÉ cÉ | cÉÉpÉëå qÉWûÉmÉÑOûÇ SkrÉÉiÉç lÉÉaÉç Swarna and rajata bhasma - kukkutaputa uÉlbaÉå ÌWû MüÉæYMÑüOûqÉç || 13 Tamra bhasma - kashtadiagni Loha bhasma - gaja puta Abhraka bhasma - maha puta Naga and vanga bhasma - kukkuta puta
- 21. sÉÉåWûSåUmÉÑlÉpÉÉïuÉÉ aÉÑhÉÍkÉYrÉ iÉiÉÉåaÉëiÉÉ AlÉÑmxÉÑ qÉeeÉlÉÇ UåZÉÉmÉÑhÉïiÉÉ mÉÑOûiÉÉå pÉuÉåiÉç mÉÑOûÉSè aÉëÉwhÉÉã sÉbÉÑiuÉÇ vÉÏbÉëurÉÉÎmiÉ¶É SÏmÉlÉqÉç eÉÉËUiÉÉSÌmÉ xÉÑiÉålSì sÉÉåWûÉlÉÉqÉÍkÉMüÉå aÉÑhÉÉ 12
- 22. rÉjÉÉvqÉÌlÉ ÌuÉvÉåw²ÎlWûÈ xrÉmÉÑOûrÉÉåaÉiÉÈ| cÉÔhÉïiuÉÉÍkÉ aÉÑhÉÉÅÅuÉÉÎmiÉxiÉjÉÉ sÉÉåWåûwÉÑ ÌlÉͶÉiÉqÉç 12 || The heat applied from outside of samputa through puta,the fuel will slowly enter into the material kept in sarava and convert into powder form mÉÑOûÉiÉç SÉåwÉÌuÉlÉÉvÉÈ xrÉÉiÉç mÉÑOûSåWûÉå aÉÑhÉÉæSrÉÈ | ÍqÉërÉiÉå ÌWû mÉÑOûÉ sÉÉåWû iÉxqÉÉiÉç mÉÑOûqÉç xÉqÉÉcÉUåiÉç ||
- 23. Bhasma pariksha
- 24. Varitara- qÉÚiÉÇ iÉUÌiÉ rÉiiÉÉårÉå sÉÉåWûÇ uÉÉËUiÉUÇ ÌWû iÉiÉç || If the bhasma floats over the water surface that is known as varitara It is to study the lightness and fineness of bhasma Here the particles of bhasma attain so much fine and light that they cannot break the surface tension of stagnant water Rekhapurna- AÇaÉѸiÉeÉïlÉÏxmÉÚ¹Ç rÉiiÉÉåSìåZÉliÉUå ÌuÉvÉåiÉç qÉÑiÉsÉÉåWûÇ iÉSÒ̬¹Ç UåZÉmÉÑhÉïÍpÉkÉÉlÉiÉÈ|| If the bhasma is rubbed between thumb and index finger
- 25. Apunarbhava-aÉÑQû aÉÑleÉÉxÉÑZÉxmÉvÉïqÉkuÉÉerÉåÈ xÉWû rÉÉåÎeÉiÉqÉç lÉÉrÉÉÌiÉ mÉë¢ÑüÌiÉ kqÉÉlÉÉSèmÉÑlÉpÉïuÉqÉÑcrÉiÉå|| If the bhasma is mixed with mitra panchakas and if it doesn’t regain its original form after heating Uttama-iÉxrÉÉåmÉËU aÉÑ SìurÉÇ kÉÉlrÉÇ cÉÉåmÉlÉrÉÉåS èkÉëÑuÉqÉç WûÇxÉuÉiiÉÏrÉïiÉå uÉÉËUhrÉÑiiÉqÉÇ mÉËUMüÐÎiiÉïiÉqÉç || Bhasma is slowly placed on the water and it floats,if it doesn’t sink even after placing the grain but floats like swan then such bhasma is called uttama Niruttha- UÉæmrÉåhÉ xÉWû xÉÇrÉÑ£üÇ kqÉÉiÉÇ UÉæmrÉåhÉ lÉÉå sÉaÉåiÉç iÉSÉ ÌlÉÂijÉÇ ÍqÉirÉÑ£üÇ sÉÉåWûÇ
- 26. Amla pariksha – if turns to blue bhasma is not prepared properly tamra,swarnamakshika,tuttha bhasma Nirdhuma-Haratala bhasma Niswadu- Nischandra Avaami- should not produce nausea etc wen kept on the tongue
- 27. Swarna bhasma - gairika/champa pushpa Rajata bhasma - krishna Kamsya bhasma - dhusara Naga bhasma - kapota Tikshna loha bhasma - jambu phala Abhraka bhasma - ishtika 15
- 28. sÉÉåWûÉlÉÉÇ qÉÉUhÉçÉå¸Ç xÉuÉåïwÉÉÇ UxÉpÉxqÉlÉÉÇ | qÉÔÍsÉÍpÉqÉkrÉçïqÉÇ mÉëÉWÒûÈ MüÌlÉ¸Ç aÉlkÉMüÉÌSÍpÉÈ | AËUsÉÉåWåûlÉ sÉÉåWûxrÉ qÉÉUhÉÇ SÒaÉÑïhÉmÉëSqÉ ||16 Parada-agni sahanatva property17 induction of Yogavahi,rasayana properities Gives immediate relief and prevents old age 18 If its not prepared with parada it will produce ill effects by forming worms in abdomen Mixes with metals and minerals disintegrate their atoms and helps in making atoms into a fine state of subdivision
- 29. Vegetable drugs-madyama Here the acid and alkaline contents will also help in the disintegration of atoms But in this case the bhasma is liable to contain the residue of vegetable drugs after subjecting to puta In this type the organic material of vegetable drugs is burnt leaving the inorganic material which is mixed with bhasma
- 30. Sulphur and its compounds- kanishta In this though there is a chance of evaporation of sulphur and other substances like arsenic etc. Some portions which are necessary to form a compound will be present in bhasma and likely to change the property of finished compounds.
- 31. Arilohas-durgunaprada opposite metal Chances of adulteration This metallic substance will remain with it in compound or free state after puta.Thus the proportion of original metallic compound will be greater.
- 32. iÉÉsÉålÉ uÉaÉÇ SUSålÉ iÉϤÉhÉqÉç, lÉÉaÉålÉ WåûqÉÇ ÍvÉsÉrÉÉ cÉ lÉÉaÉqÉç | aÉlkÉMüvÉqÉlÉÉ cÉæuÉ ÌlÉWûÎliÉ vÉÑsoÉqÉç, iÉÉUlcÉ qÉÉͤÉMü UxÉålÉ WûlrÉÉiÉ || 19 Vanga - haratala Loha - darada Swarna - naga Naga - manashila Tamra - gandhaka Rajata - swarna makshika
- 33. DRUG PROCESS Pravala Sthapana With nimbu swarasa and keep in sunlight for 21 days With stanya and Bhavana keep in takra Red hot and dip in Pravala,mani Nirvapa kumari ,tanduliyaka and stanya for 7 mukta times
- 34. Vimala Bharjana Triturate in triphala kwatha for 3 times and fry in go gritha vajra Nirvapa Heated and dipped in kulatha kwatha containing hingu and saindhava
- 35. Lightness Softness Smoothness More assimilable form More potent form Enhances the property of substances Lesser dose Rapid spreading in body and rapid relief