The document discusses fundamentals of exercise therapy, specifically muscle energy techniques (MET). MET uses isometric or isotonic contractions to lengthen tight muscles, strengthen weak muscles, mobilize joints, and relieve tissue congestion. MET incorporates precisely directed, patient-initiated muscle contractions designed to improve function and reduce pain. The techniques work based on principles of post-isometric relaxation and reciprocal inhibition to treat musculoskeletal dysfunction in a gentle but effective manner.