This document discusses aging and the changes that occur in old age from a nursing perspective. It begins with definitions of aging, geriatrics, and gerontological nursing. It then discusses factors that influence the aging process such as heredity, nutrition, health status, life experiences, and environment. The main changes that occur in old age are divided into three categories: physiological, psychosocial, and cognitive. Physiological changes affect body systems like cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal. Psychosocial changes include retirement, social isolation, sexuality, and stress/coping. Cognitive changes involve delirium, depression, and dementia. The document provides an overview of aging for nursing professionals.