Microclimates are local weather patterns that can differ from the overall climate of an area due to factors like altitude, exposure, shelter, vegetation, urban development, and proximity to water or coasts. In urban areas, microclimates are affected by concrete, buildings, drainage, and industry which can raise temperatures. Coastal microclimates see a breeze from the cooler sea move inland in summer to replace rising hot air over land. Forest microclimates provide shelter from the sun and wind, making the forest interior cooler than the edges on sunny days.