microfluids.docx
- 2. INTRODUCTION Microfluidics is the technology of fluid manipulation in channels with dimensions of tens of micrometers; it has emerged in recent years as a distinct new area of research thanks to its application in many diverse fields, such as chemistry, biology, medicine, and physical sciences.
- 3. 1.WHAT IS A MICROFLUID ? It is the science and technology of systems that process or manipulate small amounts of fluids. Using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. The picture shown here is an example of microfluids in human body, lung alveoli.
- 4. 2.USES OF MICROFULIDICS Microfluidics are generally used in the following sections: DNA chips. Molecular biology. Optics.
- 5. 2.1 DNA CHIPS (microarrays) Is a miniature array where a multitude of different capture agents, most frequently monoclonal antibodies, are deposited on a chip surface. They are used to determine the presence or the amount of proteins in biological samples. Example ; Amount of proteins in blood.
- 6. 2.2 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY In addition to microarrays, biochips have been designed for two-dimensional electrophoresis, transcriptome analysis, and PCR (Polymerase chain reaction)amplification. Also used in cell separation , protein analysis and microorganism capturing.
- 7. 2.3 OPTICS The merging of microfluidics and optics is typical known as opto-fluidics. Example of opto-fluidic devices is a microscope. Microfluidic flow enables fast sample throughput, automated imaging of large sample populations, as well as 3D capabilities
- 8. 3.BRANCHES OF MICROFLUIDICS. 1.Continuos flow microfluidics. 2.Digital microfluidics. 3.Acoustofluidics.
- 9. 3.1 CONTINUOUS FLOW MICROFLUIDICS Continuous flow microfluidics enable to manipulate continuous flow of liquid through micro-channels. Using devices such as a external pressure pumps or integrated mechanical micro-pumps. CFM is used in a wide range of applications like in chemical ,energy and enviornmental fields.
- 10. 3.2 DIGITAL MICROFLUIDICS It is also called droplet microfluidics or emulsion science. It enables to manipulate autonomous droplets on a substrate using electro-wetting. Droplets generation can be used in a largescale of applications like in : Synthesis of nanoparticles Single cell analysis.
- 11. 3.3 ACOUSTOFLUIDICS It refers to the study of acoustic waves on microscale to nanoscale fluidics environment. Acoustofluidics mainly deals with the use of acoustic fields. Mainly in ultrasonics int fluids within microfluidic channels allowing to manipulate cells and particles.
- 12. 4 LOW-COST MICROFLUIDICS 1.Paper-based microfluidics. 2.Plastic-based microfluidics. 3.Textile-basedmicrofluidics.
- 13. 4.1 PAPER-BASED MICROFUIDICS Easily available and cheap. Low fabrication cost. Thin and lightweight. Disposable and biodegradable.
- 15. 4.2PLASTIC-BASED MICROFLUIDICS Use of materials such as polydymethilsiloxane (PDMS),acrylic(PMMA),Polystyrene. Used in variety of applications that cannot be achieved through paper-based. Can be used repetitively. It is affordable and user friendly. It is sensitive.
- 16. 4.3 TEXTILE-BASED MICROFLUIDICS Applied in sports performance measurement such as realtime sweat pH monitoring. Can be connected via Bluetooth for real-time analysis on smartphones. Used in shirts and ESP for security forces.
- 18. CONCLUSION This presentation focuses on applications where microfluidics can enhance experimental sensitivity and throughput, particularly in recent development in single-cell analyses and analyses on multi-cellular or complex biological entities. We conclude that microfluidics is not necessarily always useful for systems biology, but when used appropriately can greatly enhance experimentalists’ ability to measure and control, and thereby enhance the understanding of and expand the utility of biological systems.
- 19. REFERENCES Microfluidics in Systems Biology – Hype or Truly Useful? - PMC (nih.gov) Microfluidics - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics Microfluidics applications: A short review – Elveflow Frontiers | Microfluidics for Biotechnology: Bridging Gaps to Foster Microfluidic Applications (frontiersin.org)
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