MIDWAY BATTLE
- 2. SEQUENCE 2
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- 4. 4 The Aim of this presentation is to Deliver Brief idea of Midway Campaign
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- 7. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbour Japan and the U.S. • Japan develops plan for attacks on European colonies, U.S. bases • In 1941 Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments to Japan • Admiral Isoroku Yamamato plans attack on U.S. fleet in Hawaii 7
- 8. Day of Infamy • Japan attacks Pearl Harbor—U.S. naval base in Hawaii—on Dec. 7, 1941 • U.S. declares war on Japan • Japan also attacks Hong Kong, Thailand, and other islands 8
- 9. • Doolittle Raid on Tokyo, 18 April 1942 • Tactical operation with strategic impact • Shifts morale in both countries • Adapt and overcome • May Coral Sea • Midway on June 9
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- 11. Takeoff – 18 April 1942
- 12. 12 USS Hornet – 18 April 1942
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- 14. • Japanese Objectives – Extend defensive perimeter (in response to Doolittle raid) – Capture Port Moresby – Extend hold over Solomon Islands – Isolate Australia from the United States 14
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- 16. The Allies Strike Back and Turn the Tide • Battle of the Coral Sea Americans stop Japanese advance (towards Austrialia), May 1942 • New kind of naval warfare - ships launch planes to fight each other. Neither sides ships fired a single shot 16
- 17. Results of Coral Sea • Tactical Draw – U.S. lost fleet carrier Lexington, destroyer Sims, oiler Neosho – Fleet carrier Yorktown damaged – Japanese light carrier Shoho sunk, very heavy aircraft losses • Strategic victory for United States – Stopped planned Japanese advance towards Australia – Provided badly needed boost to U.S. morale 17
- 18. BATTLE OF MIDWAYBATTLE OF MIDWAY 18
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- 21. Situation in Midway Island in WW II 21
- 22. BELLIGERENTS 22
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- 24. US • Adm Chester W. Nimitz • VAdm Frank J. Fletcher • VAdm Raymond A Spruance IJN • Adm Yamamoto • VAdm Kondo • VAdm Nagumo • Vadm Hosogava • Vadm Comatsu COMMANDERS AND LEADERS 24
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- 29. • After the expired Naval Limitation Treaty (NLT) in 1937 Japanese launched many No of Air craft carriers 29
- 30. 30 • Japanese occupied whole Chinese coastal in 1939
- 31. 31 • Japanese intention to grab whole oil and minerals from South East Asia
- 32. • All the diplomatic relations were collapsed between Japan and US 32
- 33. Yamamoto Launched an Attack on Pearl Harbour on 7 Dec 1941 33
- 34. • In April 1942 US carried out air raid on Tokyo 34
- 35. • Just after Coral Sea Battle they planed to attack on Midway 35US Navy
- 36. OBJECTIVES OF THE BATTLE 36
- 37. • To seizure of Midway Island as and advance air base • To draw out the Pacific US fleet 37 Japanese Objectives American Objectives American Objectives • To defend strategically importance of the Midway Island • To locate and destroy the Japanese carriers
- 39. Assumptions of Admiral Yamamoto 39
- 40. AMERICAN MOVE 40
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- 43. 43US Navy IJ Navy
- 45. Reasons for Japanese Attack 45
- 48. 48 Importance of the Battle of Midway
- 49. APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLE OF WAR 49
- 50. SELECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE AIM 50
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- 53. 53 “ Inflict maximum damage on the enemy by employing strong attraction tactics. In carrying out the task assigned, You will be govern by the principle of calculated risk, which you will intercept to mean the avoidance of exposure of you force to attack by superior enemy forces without prospect of inflict, as a result of such exposure greater the damage to the enemy” Quoted from op order issued to Admiral Frank Fletcher (Technical In chrage of the US Fleet)
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- 56. MAINTENANCE OF THE MORAL 56
- 57. Inflexibility of Yamamoto Japanese forces didn’t have extra logistics support Japanese air craft and ships are too old Crew fatigue level increased due to continues engagement Strategic Disagreement between Yamamoto and Japanese Empire 57
- 58. Doolittle raid over Japanese main land Success at the Coral Sea battle High level of Moral Maintenance 58
- 59. 59 “ My greatest hope is that we encounter a favourable tactical situation, best if don’t I want each of us to do our utmost destroy the enemy’s. if there is only one plane to make final run in, I want that man to go and get a hit. May god be with us” -LCDR Waldron- US Naval Air Wing
- 60. SECURITY 60
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- 62. SURPRISE 62
- 63. Redeployment of USS Yorktown Within three days Launching of unexpected air raid on Japanese carriers 63
- 65. Fleet divided into two groups and deployed in distances where they couldn’t help each other less concentration of forces Deployed all fleet asserts and air crafts to outnumber Japanese air power 65
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- 68. Co-operation 68
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- 70. CONCLUSION 70
- 71. • Yamamoto sought to engage the U.S. fleet in a decisive naval battle at the earliest possible opportunity • Intelligence gaps, over confidence and false assumptions resulted disaster • IJN restricted to waters much closer to Japan main island as a result • The moral of American forces was very high
- 72. • U.S. navy utilized intelligence resources effectively • concentrated the maximum required force • Nimitz knew the phenomenon of sustainability • Application of principles of war is relevant even today as it valid during the World War II
- 73. THANK YOU 73
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