Module 9 2009
- 1. Mod 9 Vehicle Functions Tires & Suspension Vehicle Systems ABS Brakes Vehicle Performance
- 2. Dashboard Warning SymbolsDashboard Warning Symbols TemperatureTemperature light or gaugelight or gauge - warns you when the coolant in the engine is too hot or too low - when the temperature warning light comes on or the gauge reads too hot, pull off the road and get professional help Caution: never attempt to remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. The pressure and hot steam can cause severe upper torso and facial burns. Oil PressureOil Pressure light or gaugelight or gauge HOT OIL symbol light gauge gaugelight symbol - warns you when the oil is not circulating at the proper pressure or there is not enough oil - when the oil warning light comes on it is recommended that you stop at the nearest service center and have the oil level checked
- 3. Dashboard Warning SymbolsDashboard Warning Symbols Alternator/GeneratorAlternator/Generator light or gaugeslight or gauges ALT light gauge symbol - The alternator is not generating enough electricity to charge the battery. - The engine must now use electricity stored in the battery. - Turn off as many electrical devices as possible. (i.e., the radio, heater/AC, etc.) When the “ALT” light comes on or the gauge shows “discharge” while the engine is running, the vehicle’s electrical system is in trouble. Brake SystemBrake System lightlight Caution: when the battery is drained the engine may stall without warning. This warning light serves two purposes: (1) to indicate the parking brake is set; and (2) to alert you that part or all of the braking system is not working properly; or, in some vehicles, the brake fluid is too low.
- 4. Dashboard Warning SymbolsDashboard Warning Symbols Service Engine SoonService Engine Soon lightlight Door AjarDoor Ajar lightlight Low fuelLow fuel lightlight symbol gauge LOW FUEL light The fuel gauge shows the driver how much fuel is in the vehicle's fuel tank. When the fuel level is very low, the low fuel warning light will come on and stay on until you add more fuel to the tank. SERVICE ENGINE SOON DOOR OPEN This warning light will illuminate when starting the engine and then go out. If this light remains on, one or more of the vehicle doors is not completely latched. If it comes on while driving, someone has opened a door or the door latch was not properly fastened. In either case, it is dangerous and you should pull off the road as soon as possible to secure the door. The SERVICE ENGINE or CHECK ENGINE light should flash for a few seconds when you start the engine and then go out. If the light stays on it indicates there may be a problem.
- 5. Dashboard Warning SymbolsDashboard Warning Symbols ABSABS lightlight Air BagAir Bag lightlight With an anti-lock brake system, this light comes on when you start the vehicle and may stay on for several seconds before turning off. This is a normal function for this warning system. If the light stays on, or comes on when you are driving, it is warning you that there is a problem in the ABS system and should be checked by a qualified mechanic. The light should flash for a few seconds and then go out indicating the system is activated. If the air bag readiness light stays on or comes on while you are driving, it is warning you there is a problem. If the air bag system in your vehicle is not working properly it can be extremely dangerous. The air bags: - may NOT inflate in the event of a crash; or - may inflate while driving without being involved in a crash.
- 6. Vehicle FailuresVehicle Failures —— Tire BlowoutTire Blowout A Tire Blowout is a rapid deflation of air from the tire. This sudden loss of air could occur by: - hitting a sharp object that punctures the tire; - having a defective tire; or - having an under-inflated tire that loses its seal to the rim while the tires are rotating. If a front tire blows out, the vehicle will pull sharply in the direction of the blowout. If a rear tire blows out, the vehicle will wobble, shake and pull slightly in the direction of the flat tire. If a blowout occurs: Grip the steering wheel firmly. Take your foot off the accelerator. DO NOT BRAKE. Braking may cause the vehicle to swerve. Allow the vehicle to slow on its own, or brake gently. Check traffic around you and turn on emergency flashers. Drive to a protected location and pull off the roadway. Have the tire replaced.
- 7. Vehicle Failures —Vehicle Failures — Accelerator FailureAccelerator Failure The accelerator will not return to idleThe accelerator will not return to idle when you release it, and thewhen you release it, and the engine is racingengine is racing.. Shift to Neutral (engine may race but no harm done). Search for an escape path. Steer smoothly and brake gently. Pull off the roadway and park. Turn off the vehicle. Caution —Caution — DO NOTDO NOT turn the ignition off while the vehicle is moving--this may lock the steering wheel. Have the pedal repaired at a service center before driving again. Accelerator failure is caused by either a broken spring or the pedal getting stuck in the down position. In either case, you no longer have control over the vehicle’s speed. Follow these steps:Follow these steps: Accelerator PedalAccelerator Pedal STUCKSTUCK in down positionin down position
- 8. Vehicle Failures —Vehicle Failures — Brake FailureBrake Failure Total Brake FailureTotal Brake Failure —— Pump the brake pedal. This action may build up enough brake pressure to stop. After three or four pumps you will know if the brakes are going to hold. If this does not work:If this does not work: Power Brake FailurePower Brake Failure —— is the loss of power when the booster unit assisting the brakes no longer functions. Apply the brakes--they may function normally for one more application of the pedal. Modulate pressure without releasing the brake. You will have to press harder on the brake pedal to stop the vehicle. . • downshift to a lower gear. This uses the braking power of the engine to slow the vehicle. Look for an escape route. • activate the hazard lights to warn others. • apply the parking brake gradually. Hold the release button. Release the parking brake if the vehicle begins to skid, and reapply as needed. Select a safe path of travel while the vehicle slows down.
- 9. Vehicle Failures —Vehicle Failures — FireFire Car Catches FireCar Catches Fire • Quickly steer the vehicle out of traffic and away from buildings and people. • Get everyone out of the vehicle and have them move at least 100 feet away. • If the engine is on fire, call the fire department and leave the hood closed. • If the passenger compartment is on fire, smother it, use a fire extinguisher, or call the fire department. NEVER use water on an engine fire — water will NOT put out an oil or fuel fire; in fact it may even aid in the fire spreading! Use an A-B-C-type fire extinguisher.
- 10. Vehicle SystemsVehicle Systems Tires and Traction ControlTires and Traction Control Tires perform two basicTires perform two basic functions.functions.1.1. Absorb shocks caused by road hazards —Absorb shocks caused by road hazards — tirestires are air-filled cushionsare air-filled cushions designed to reduce the effect of road hazards and irregularities on the vehicle. Tires are made to flex and give as they meet the road surface. 2.2. Provide Traction —Provide Traction — tires grip the road.tires grip the road. Traction enables drivers to accelerate, brake, and steer their vehicles. Tires are rated on the Uniform Tire Quality Grading System. Ratings are indicated on the sidewall of the tire. **C rating indicates minimum standards Good tires are essential for vehicle control because: Allows car to accelerate Allows car to brake Allows driver to steer
- 11. Proper tire inflation locations:Proper tire inflation locations: Door jamb Owner's Manuel
- 12. Purpose of Treads on a TirePurpose of Treads on a Tire To channel water & allow the tires to stay in contact with the road Measure tread depth using the Penny Test
- 13. Two dangers of under-inflatedTwo dangers of under-inflated 1.Blowout 2.Bad handling
- 14. Excessive wear in the middle of tireExcessive wear in the middle of tire
- 15. Vehicle SystemsVehicle Systems The Suspension SystemThe Suspension System The suspension system is engineered to keep the vehicle's wheels in firm contact with the road and pointed in the direction the driver is steering. Plus it helps provide a comfortable ride for all vehicle occupants. The system includes a series of rods, bars, springs, and other components. These components: support the weight of the vehicle; absorb the shocks caused by road irregularities; and Worn shocks will make a car bounce more than usual! ShocksShocks
- 16. 4 Cycle Engine4 Cycle Engine 1. Intake – Gas/Air mixture 2. Compression – mixture 3. Ignition – Spark ignites gas 4. Exhaust – Pushes burnt gas into exhaust
- 18. Why is Air Filter part of fuel system?Why is Air Filter part of fuel system? Fuel Pump Fuel Filter Air Filter Air filter must draw in air to be mixed with gas through the fuel injectors
- 19. DriveshaftDriveshaft The driveshaft carries power from the engine to the rear wheels.
- 21. Name & FunctionName & Function Jumper cables Oil Filter Radiator Spark plugs Fan Battery Air Filter
- 22. Vehicle Systems —Vehicle Systems — Brake SystemsBrake Systems Components of Brake SystemComponents of Brake System
- 23. Vehicle Systems —Vehicle Systems — ABS Brake SystemABS Brake System Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) ABS was developed to assist driver braking actions byABS was developed to assist driver braking actions by preventing tires from sliding and to keep them rotatingpreventing tires from sliding and to keep them rotating slowly to allow steering.slowly to allow steering. 1.STOMP 2.STAY
- 24. Vehicle Systems —Vehicle Systems — ABS Brake SystemABS Brake System Increased Vehicle Stability ABS AdvantagesABS Advantages Braking and Steering BrakingBraking ONLYONLY In many emergencyIn many emergency situations brakingsituations braking alone may not preventalone may not prevent a collision.a collision. Reduced Stopping Distance Never pump ABS brakes! Expect the brake pedal to pulsate & For the car to make unusual noises
- 27. Safe distance from truck?Safe distance from truck? TOO CLOSE! Must see the side view mirrors
- 28. Bicyclist ResponsibilitiesBicyclist Responsibilities Cyclist ResponsibilitiesCyclist Responsibilities Ride on the right side of the laneRide on the right side of the lane Signal slowing, stopping or turningSignal slowing, stopping or turning Obey all traffic lawsObey all traffic laws Yield to pedestriansYield to pedestrians Wear HelmetWear Helmet Use light at nightUse light at night
- 29. Sharing Roadway with MotorcyclistsSharing Roadway with Motorcyclists 1. Left Turns 2. Vehicle Blind Spot Motorcyclists Riding in Groups Hazardous Road Conditions Adverse Weather Conditions Strong Winds Around Large Vehicles Motorcycle-related conflicts are most likely to occur in the following situations:
- 30. Sharing Roadway with MotorcyclistsSharing Roadway with Motorcyclists When driving near a motorcyclist:When driving near a motorcyclist: Motorcycle AwarenessMotorcycle Awareness Unlike four-wheel vehicles, motorcycles are small two-wheeled vehicles that accelerate quickly and are often not seen by drivers of larger vehicles. • check the rear-view mirror often, and • avoid making sudden stops. • increase your following distance, and • be aware of all the zones around the vehicle. When being followed by aWhen being followed by a motorcyclemotorcycle:
- 31. Vehicle vs. Train crashVehicle vs. Train crash Driver Error