MSPO individual behaviour, culture values, ethics,_MSPO.ppt
- 1. MSPO Session 1 Faculty: Dr. Sahiba Sharma
- 2. Variables Influencing Individual Behavior The Person • skills & abilities • personality • perception • attribution • attitudes • values • ethics
- 3. Variables Influencing Individual Behavior The Person • skills & abilities • personality • perception • attribution • attitudes • values • ethics The Environment • organization • work group • job • personal life
- 4. The Environment • organization • work group • job • personal life Behavior Variables Influencing Individual Behavior The Person • skills & abilities • personality • perception • attribution • attitudes • values • ethics
- 5. Interactional Psychology Approach The Environment • organization • work group • job • personal life B = f(P,E) Behavior The Person • skills & abilities • personality • perception • attribution • attitudes • values • ethics
- 7. What are individual and cultural values? Values Broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes. Values influence attitudes and behavior.
- 8. What are individual and cultural values? Terminal values Reflect a person’s preferences concerning the “ends” to be achieved. Instrumental values Reflect a person’s beliefs about the means for achieving desired ends.
- 9. Terminal and Instrumental Values in the Rokeach value survey
- 10. What Are Values, and How Do They Vary Across Cultures? Maglino’s categories of workplace values Achievement Helping and concern for others Honesty Fairness
- 11. Value congruence Occurs when individuals express positive feelings upon encountering others who exhibit values similar to their own. What Are Values, and How Do They Vary Across Cultures?
- 12. Cultural Values Culture is the learned and shared way of thinking and acting among a group of people or society. What Are Values, and How Do They Vary Across Cultures?
- 13. Sample country clusters on Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of Natural Values Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. What Are Values, and How Do They Vary Across Cultures?
- 14. Values in the Workplace Stable, evaluative beliefs that guide our preferences. Define right and wrong, good and bad: what we “ought” to do. Direct our motivation, potentially decisions and behavior. Value system: hierarchy of values. Compared with personality, values are: Evaluative (not descriptive). May conflict with each other. Affected more by nurture than nature.
- 15. Schwartz’s Values Model 57 values clustered into 10 categories, and further into four quadrants. Openness to change. Motivated to pursue innovative ways. Conservation. Motivated to preserve the status quo. Self-enhancement. Motivated by self-interest. Self-transcendence. Motivated to promote the welfare of others and nature. Exhibit 2.4 Schwartz’s Values Circumplex Sources: S.H. Schwartz, “Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Countries.” Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 25 (1992): 1-65: S.H. Schwartz and K. Boeh Structure of Human Values with Confirmatory Factor Analysis.” Journal of Research in Personality 38.
- 16. Class Activity 15 minutes
- 17. Importance of Values at IKEA IKEA describes itself as a values-driven company, so job applicants need to reflect on whether their personal values are congruent with the global retailer’s organizational values.
- 18. How Values Influence Decisions and Behavior Values affect the relative attractiveness of choices. Values frame perceptions. Values motivate us to act consistently with self-concept and public image.
- 19. When Values Don’t Predict Behavior Situational factors are barriers or lack of opportunity. Counter-motivational forces. Lack of values awareness. Values are abstract. Less mindful of values with routine behavior.
- 20. Values Congruence Similarity of a person’s values hierarchy to another source. Importance of values congruence. Team values congruence—higher team cohesion and performance. Person–organization values congruence— higher job satisfaction, loyalty, and organizational citizenship, lower stress and turnover.
- 21. Ethical Values and Behavior Ethics: study of moral principles and values, whether actions are right or wrong, outcomes are good or bad. Four ethical principles: 1. Utilitarianism. Greatest good for the greatest number. 2. Individual rights. Everyone has same natural rights. 3. Distributive justice. Benefits and burdens should be the same or proportional. 4. Ethic of care. Moral obligation to help others.
- 22. Indian Values and Beliefs Indian Ethical Values The Vedas The Upanishads The Epics and Shreemad Bhagwad Gita Other Scriptures (From Different Religions) Indian Ethical Beliefs Dharma Theory of Karma Tapa Bhakti Seva Nishkam Karma Yoga Gandhian Ethics