Multiple points of view in #VemPraRua Retweets: the perspectival method of network analysis
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The document discusses the analysis of retweet networks related to the #vemprarua movement, highlighting the importance of different perspectives within the network. It identifies three main clusters: activism, hacker, and mediatic celebration, each representing different social narratives and themes surrounding the protests in Brazil. Additionally, it emphasizes how these perspectives are both topological and temporal, impacting the understanding of social dynamics during significant events on Twitter.
Multiple points of view in #VemPraRua Retweets: the perspectival method of network analysis
- 1. Multiple points of view in #VemPraRua ReTweets: the perspectival method of network analysis Prof. Dr. Fabio Malini Ms. Jean Medeiros Ms. Marianne Malini Ms. Priscilla Calmon Labic | Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) | Brazil http://labic.net
- 2. introduction • Points of view, or perspectives, are principles, ideas, worldviews; • They are formed in a flow of associations and dissociations amongst themselves. • Points of view are, therefore, effects on the subjects. (Deleuze, 1976);
- 3. • The points of view in the RTs networks present themselves as clusters, that separately reveals, each one, a dissimilar collection of texts, images, social bonds and individual threads. • Perspectival Method of Retweets Network Analysis demonstrates that there are different “social layers” in RTs networks. introduction
- 4. • In RTs network, the perspectives are topological, thus, they have a certain position in its layout. • There are proximity positions or distance positions, which stands for opositions, conflicts, disputes, alliances and social cooperations. introduction
- 5. introduction • Also, the perspectives in RTs networks are temporal. • Moments are points of views. And moments express different dynamics of the phenomena. The entire network is therefore a narrative about an event on Twitter.
- 6. introduction • Also, the perspectives in RTs networks are temporal. • Moments are points of views. And moments express different dynamics of the phenomena. The entire network is therefore a narrative about an event on Twitter.
- 7. introduction • Also, the perspectives in RTs networks are temporal. • Moments are points of views. And moments express different dynamics of the phenomena. The entire network is therefore a narrative about an event on Twitter.
- 8. tweets between June 15th 2013 and May 17th 2014 #VemPraRua the topological and temporal points of view Method and Results
- 9. Data processing: table of tweets to graphs. Numbers: about 675.000 tweets, from which 178.000 are ReTweets and involved 58.000 different profiles. Data mining: tweets collection was made through Twitter’s Search and Streaming APIs. method
- 10. RTs.graphml; method Gephi: a tool to manipulate complex networks (graphs); Metrics: Average Weighted Degree, Modularity and ForceAtlas2; Clusters: strongly connected nodes in a network.
- 11. Exporting the username of the profiles present in each cluster. Processing the cluster through metrics, like: • tweets per day; • users per day; • most frequent words; • most frequent hashtags; • most active users; • most popular tweets; • tweets containing links.method
- 12. From the results, it’s elaborated: Discourse analysis in order to verify textual linguistic patterns; Image collection (from RTs links) to be plotted on Image Plot. Temporal perspectives through topic modeling. method
- 13. #VemPraRua The topological points of view RESULTS
- 14. Results: Topological perspectives • The clusters in a retweets network are composed of independent interaction layers; • Superimposed, these layers produce a network totality effect; Rede de Retweets do #VemPraRua. 15/6 a 30/10/13.
- 15. Cluster 1: Activism perspective • #VemPraRua is a political occupation of the streets with multiple social claims. RTs from this point of view prioritizes images of the occupation, riots, livestreams, memes portraying outrages and portraits of the largest marches throughout Brazil.
- 16. Cluster 1: Activism perspective • “Largo do Batata”, “Avenida paulista” – venues of the protests. • “Street”, “now”, “violence”, “choque”, “taken streets”, “posters”, “protest” = lexicon of the activists and social convocation.
- 17. Cluster 2: The hacker perspective • #VemPraRua is a movement which demands more transparency from Administrations. This is the perspective from the Anonymous network.
- 18. Cluster 2: The hacker perspective Words like “revolution”, “corruption” and “networks” are the most present in this perspective. The Anonymous network would be the most responsible profiles to spread faster the content from the streets. Most retweeted profiles: @anonymousBrasil, @AnonBrNews, @LulzSecBrazil, @AnonymousBr4sil, @PlanoAnonBr. Most shared link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5iSn76I 2xs
- 19. Cluster 3: The mediatic celebration perspective #VemPraRua is a hype act, which promotes a change in social mentality. It is portrayed by the celebrities’ euphoria.
- 20. Cluster 3: The mediatic celebration perspective Words like “Rio”, “Street”, “SP”, “Park”, “Candelária”, show that these profiles are well connected to the strees, they also share content from the protests, like images and texts provided by the activist network. Most retweeted profiles: @FePaesLeme, @bgagliasso, @BruMArquezine, @HugoGloss e @MarceloTas Most shared link: http://t.co/QbzC4waKU3
- 21. #VemPraRua The temporal points of view Results
- 22. Sunday 16/06/2013 07:01 13:00
- 23. Sunday 16/06/2013 13:00 19:00
- 24. Sunday 16/06/2013 19:00 23:59
- 25. Monday 17/06/2013 00:00 07:00
- 26. Monday 17/06/2013 07:00 13:00
- 27. Monday 17/06/2013 13:00 19:00
- 28. Monday 17/06/2013 19:01 00:00
- 29. Until 18:00, when the protests arise in Brazil, the hashtag #VemPraRua is viral just because of new profiles linked to the social movements. CONCLUSION from the temporal perspectives of #VemPraRua:
- 30. Rede de Retweets do #VemPraRua. 15/6 a 30/10/13. Results: Topological perspectives • It is important to highlight that profiles from the press and from politics, either from the Executive Power or from the National Parliament, many whom are active users on Twitter, did not use the #VemPraRua hashtag.
- 31. • For every tweet, a topic was assigned. • This analysis allowed the discovery of 11 major outrage themes in Brazil’s protests: • Urban Mobility; • Violence and Public Safety; • Education; • Health; • Street Occupancy and Online Mobilization; • Political Reform; • Dilma Administration Evaluation; • Rio de Janeiro Administration Evaluation; • World Cup Public Expenditure; • Minorities Rights; • Criticism directed at Media. Results: Temporal perspectives
- 33. • The discovery of temporal perspectives helps to understand the duration of a particular network. • June 17th: The major theme was violence, on account of the severe police repression perpetrated against activists over the entire country. • June 20th: about 50% of tweets were related to a wish for political reform in Brazil. Results: Temporal perspectives
- 34. • In April 2014, when the #VemPraRua hashtag no longer had a tweet volume similar to June 2013, the major thematic perspectives changes: • Dilma Rousseff Administration Evaluation (25%); • Violence Against Protesters (40%, as the main topic). Results: Temporal perspectives
- 35. Conclusions • The spatial and topological perspective method employed to #VemPraRua has demonstrated to be an important alternative available to studies in the Social Network Analysis field (SNA). • Networks on Twitter are not a “whole”, but parts, side by side • “everything is people, ‘little people’, people inside people” (Viveiros de Castro, 2007, p.102)
- 36. • Understanding political networks betamovements (as they are in a state of continuous change); • Readaptation to any other global movements analysis. Conclusions
- 37. References DELEUZE, Gilles. Proust et les signes. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1976 VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, Eduardo. Filiação intensiva e Aliança Demoníaca. Revista Novos Estudos Cebrap. São Paulo: 2007, v.77, p.91- 126 MALINI, F.; MEDEIROS, J.; REGATTIERI, L.The use of modularity algorithms as part of the conceptualization of the perspectival form in large networks. Datawiz, Santiago, Chile. 2014.