Multiprotocol Label Switching - A brief introduction to the most relevant aspects
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The document presents an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching Transport Profile (MPLS-TP), focusing on its evolution from traditional MPLS, highlighting the improvements in reliability and management of data transport. It discusses technological foundations, quality of service (QoS) mechanisms, and the implementation of traffic engineering in MPLS networks. Additionally, it covers the application of MPLS-TP in modern telecommunications, emphasizing its significance for integrating various technologies and enhancing network performance.
![Concepts of a generic MPLS network [I]
Label.
It denes and associates some parameters to a data ow.
FEC [Forwarding Equivalence Class].
Data ows with the same label.
LSP [Label Switched Path].
Path assigned to a FEC.
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 14 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-14-320.jpg)
![Concepts of a generic MPLS network [II]
LSR [Label Switching Router].
FEC routing.
LSRs from the edge of the network → LER [Label Edge Router].
LDP [Label Distribution Protocol].
Protocol for label assignation.
LIB [Label Information Base].
Equivalent to routing tables.
It relates labels with interfaces.
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 15 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-15-320.jpg)
![Examples of typical equipment
Juniper MX960 [Left] and Juniper QFX3000 [Right].
Prices over 60.000 euro.
Can integrate multiple technologies.
10GE, SONET/SDH, ATM, etc...
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 18 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-18-320.jpg)
![Quality of Service
We must be able to dierentiate and guarantee sensitive trac [Voice
and video] from the rest.
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 20 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-20-320.jpg)
![Quality of Service in MPLS - Experimental bits [I]
MPLS uses DiServ (Dierentiated Services).
In MPLS header there are 3 bits calledExperimental Bits.
Trac dierentiation.
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 21 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-21-320.jpg)
![Quality of Service in MPLS - Experimental bits [II]
The experimental bits allow us to set the trac class.
Up to 8 trac classes.
Determined by LERs.
Through IP and TCP headers.
Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 22 / 33](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mpls-140512181420-phpapp02/85/Multiprotocol-Label-Switching-A-brief-introduction-to-the-most-relevant-aspects-22-320.jpg)
Multiprotocol Label Switching - A brief introduction to the most relevant aspects
- 1. Multiprotocol Label Switching Transport Prole Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano Master's Degree in Telecommunication Engineering Escuela Politécnica, University of Extremadura Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 1 / 33
- 2. Slides downloaded from: www.albertosernait.es/docs/MPLS.pdf Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 2 / 33
- 3. 1 Introduction to MPLS-TP Background and previous problems MPLS, applications and evolution to MPLS-TP 2 Technological basis Application MPLS Concepts and elements of a generic MPLS network 3 Quality of Service 4 Other technologies 5 Conclussions 6 Bibliography Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 3 / 33
- 4. Introduction Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 4 / 33
- 5. MPLS - Background ATM. Level 2. Based on switches and virtual cicuits. Limitations. Speed. Integration with dierent technologies. Alternative propietary solutions. Cisco Tag Switching. 1997 - IETF Workgroup. Development of MPLS. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 5 / 33
- 6. MPLS - Previous problems Redundant paths. Unbalanced network. Overloaded nodes. Not connection oriented networks. It was necessary to use the 4th level. Monitorization and control. Paths. Delay. Jitter. etc. It was dicult to assure certain QoS. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 6 / 33
- 7. Trac engineering Flow classication. QoS application. Path control. It uses labels. Network conguration. Backup paths. Not only in the physical level. Network monitorization. Interesting for ISPs. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 7 / 33
- 8. Evolution to MPLS-TP Backward compatibility with MPLS. Increase of realiability and eciency. It gets rid of negligible aspects of MPLS. E.g. IP routing at level 3. Focused on OAM. Operation, Administration y Management. It allows the management of SDH/SONET. Full separation between Data and Control planes. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 8 / 33
- 9. Technological basis Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 9 / 33
- 10. Protocol stack Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 10 / 33
- 11. Encapsulation Between levels 2 and 3. It has a length of 32 bits. Its parts will be shown later. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 11 / 33
- 12. The idea LABELING THE TRAFFIC Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 12 / 33
- 13. MPLS header Label eld. Exp eld. S eld. TTL eld. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 13 / 33
- 14. Concepts of a generic MPLS network [I] Label. It denes and associates some parameters to a data ow. FEC [Forwarding Equivalence Class]. Data ows with the same label. LSP [Label Switched Path]. Path assigned to a FEC. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 14 / 33
- 15. Concepts of a generic MPLS network [II] LSR [Label Switching Router]. FEC routing. LSRs from the edge of the network → LER [Label Edge Router]. LDP [Label Distribution Protocol]. Protocol for label assignation. LIB [Label Information Base]. Equivalent to routing tables. It relates labels with interfaces. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 15 / 33
- 16. Structure of a generic MPLS network Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 16 / 33
- 17. Scope of application Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 17 / 33
- 18. Examples of typical equipment Juniper MX960 [Left] and Juniper QFX3000 [Right]. Prices over 60.000 euro. Can integrate multiple technologies. 10GE, SONET/SDH, ATM, etc... Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 18 / 33
- 19. Quality of Service Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 19 / 33
- 20. Quality of Service We must be able to dierentiate and guarantee sensitive trac [Voice and video] from the rest. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 20 / 33
- 21. Quality of Service in MPLS - Experimental bits [I] MPLS uses DiServ (Dierentiated Services). In MPLS header there are 3 bits calledExperimental Bits. Trac dierentiation. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 21 / 33
- 22. Quality of Service in MPLS - Experimental bits [II] The experimental bits allow us to set the trac class. Up to 8 trac classes. Determined by LERs. Through IP and TCP headers. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 22 / 33
- 23. Quality of Service in MPLS - Levels 3 dierent levels of Quality of Service. 1 It assigns the bandwidth agreed in the SLA. 2 The service obtains the necessary priority based on the path. 3 Each path obtains the necessary priority based on the LER. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 23 / 33
- 24. Quality of Service in MPLS - Application Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 24 / 33
- 25. Other technologies Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 25 / 33
- 26. Other technologies - MPLS-TE Extension of MPLS. Capacity to adapt to network conditions. Trac routing based on those conditions. Balance the network load. Fault tolerant. Re-routing and calculation of backup LSPs. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 26 / 33
- 27. Other technologies - RSVP-TE Signaling protocol for resource reserve. IP unicast and multicast ows. It seeks QoS parameters for applications. Extended in MPLS-TE. It allows to set LSPs based on trac engineering. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 27 / 33
- 28. Conclusions Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 28 / 33
- 29. Conclusions The exponential growth of the Internet has increased the complexity and requirements of the networks. Higher bandwidths. Higher reliability. etc. Technologies based on MPLS allow the integration of many dierent technologies at the same time it makes easy to operate, administrate and manage the networks. Easy application of trac engineering and QoS. Great performance and exibility through the use of labels. Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 29 / 33
- 30. Final conclusion This is just the tip of the iceberg... Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 30 / 33
- 31. Bibliography 1 ITU-T: G.8010/Y.1355, G.8151/Y.1374, G.8113.x/Y.1373, G.8121.1/Y.1382.1, G.8121.1/Y1382.2. 2 IETF RFCS 5994, 5586, 5718, 5654, 5860, 5951, 5921, 5950, 5960, 6215. 3 http://mpls-tp.com/ 4 http://www.ramonmillan.com/tutoriales/mpls.php. 5 http://www.scribd.com/doc/62234395/Estado-Del-Arte-Mpls-TP Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 31 / 33
- 32. Thanks for your attention Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 32 / 33
- 33. About us... Alberto Serna Martín. University of Extremadura. mail@albertosernait.es www.albertosernait.es SernaOnline@twitter.com Andrea María Urbano Cayuela. University of Extremadura. aurbanoc@alumnos.unex.es UrbanoAndrea@twitter.com Alberto Serna, Andrea M. Urbano MPLS-TP May 2014 33 / 33