The music video for "Livin' on a Prayer" by Bon Jovi uses several techniques to appeal to its target audience. It begins in black and white to indicate the era and hard rock genre. Fast drums set the tone. The target audience is mainly older males and teenage females in North America and Europe who can relate to the working class themes. Camera techniques like close-ups, spinning shots, and fast cuts match the upbeat tempo. While a love story is depicted, the overall message is one of perseverance through hard times with the support of loved ones.