Myanmar Midterm Presentation
- 1. World Politics- Topic: Myanmar _Prof: Gary Giss _Group Rain .Nguyen Thi Que Chi 1258005 .Nguyen Quoc Phi Khanh 1258024 .Le Tan Anh 1158005 .Le Thi Thu Ha (absent) .Tran Trung Hieu 1258022
- 2. I/ History of Myanmar
- 3. • The earliest inhabitants: Tibeto-Burman people, established the Pyu city-states as far south as Pyay and adopted Theravada Buddhism. • Early 9th century: Bamar people, entered the upper Irrawaddy valley Pagan Kingdom (1044– 1287). • After the First Mongol invasion (1287): Kingdom of Ava, the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, the Kingdom of Mrauk U and the Shan States were principal powers
- 5. • Second half of the 16th century, the Taungoo Dynasty (1510–1752) reunified the country • On 23 March 1752: 266-year-old Taungoo dynasty was ended by a rebellion • Second half of the 18th century, the Konbaung Dynasty (1752–1885) restored the kingdom. • The Anglo-Burmese wars (1824) eventually led to British colonial rule
- 7. • British rule brought several enduring social, economic, cultural and administrative changes. • The country has been in one of the longest running civil wars that remains unresolved (from 1948) • From 1962 to 2010: one of the least developed nations in the world
- 8. II/ Social
- 9. Population • 1983 : 35,4 million • 2009 : 59.2 million • 2012 : 60,5 million • 2014 : 51.5 millions • Females : 51.8% - Males : 48.2% • 10,889,348 households & 4.4 people/ household Literate : • Literate rate : 92.7% • Rank : #127 • 90% aged 15 could write and read DEMOGRAPHIC
- 10. Birth and death • Birth rate : 18.89 per 1000 • Death rate : 8.05 per 1000 • Low fertility rate – 1983 : 4.7 – 2001 : 2.4 – 2011 : 2.23 • Delays in marriage , the prevalence of illegal abortions & the high proportion of single
- 12. MOVEMENT OF REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACE PERSON • 100,000 Karen in refugee camps • 2006 : 160,000 refugees fled to Thai (62% : Karen) • Election in 2010 -> displaced 10,000 refugees • The Refugees score :decrease in 2012 ( peace process engaged with ethnic minority groups) • Rohingya population remains stateless (Citizenship Act of 1982) -> 1,300 : died, ill-treated in overcrowded camps & in squalid ghettos, watched over by armed guards, ethnic violence • 30,000 refugees (Bangladesh)
- 13. LEGACY OF VENGEANCE SEEKING GROUP GRIEVANCE • Myanmar gained independence (1948) : insurgency broke out – Insurgencies under parliamentary rule (1948- 1962) – Insurgencies under military rule during the Cold War (1962-1988) – Insurgencies under military in the post Cold War era (1988–present)
- 14. • 2006 : Burmese army offensive has been enacted against the KNU in the Karen State -> 1/2 million people displace • Consequences
- 15. HUMAN FLIGHT • Reasons – Colleges could not provide suitable tertiary education – Failed economy, the scarcity of job opportunities and the pressures of a growing population – Meager salaries – “How can a graduate in marine architecture, for instance, find a job in a country where the construction of a ship occurs once in a blue moon?” – Government : stifle the creation of new job opportunities – Infrastructure and a different working culture
- 18. “In reality, I found myself as a guest when I went back there. And when I see all those attitudes almost daily online – all those judgments and opinions on political, religious and social issues, I do not want to stay in a place where many people have totally different views with me on those issues” _ Phay Thaw
- 19. III/Politics
- 20. _ Aung San Suu Kyi _ League of Democracy(NLD) _ Thein Sein President _ Free Election in 2013 _ National Demo Force Party
- 21. Contitutional change • Much-hoped-for political progress has faltered. • 2 Aung San Suu Kyi's children
- 22. The comparison
- 23. The Challenging
- 24. IV/ Economics
- 25. • The poorest of ASEAN -Series of reform • Land reform • Using the natrural source
- 27. • Fighting for democratic freedoms • End of Totalitarianism. • Implementing democracy.
- 28. • 11.07.2010 General Election voted New Myanmar's Parliament. • 7-step to democracy.
- 29. • "Building administrative government effective working and clean”. • Building a developing country, modern and democratic.
- 30. • planned 8-year tax exemption for foreign businesses • enacted six laws about sales • export tax exemption