![1. (남의 눈길・간섭 등을 받지 않고) 혼자 있는 상태. 사생활 [자기 생활] (을 누리는 상태)
2. (대중의 관심을 벗어난) 사생활 [프라이버시]
What is the privacy ?](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/random-140314101158-phpapp01/85/N-A-The-Seed-Neuro-architecture-for-Space-Optimizing-Privacy-11-320.jpg)
[N+A, The Seed] 프라이버시 최적화 공간을 위한 신경건축 (Neuro-architecture for Space Optimizing Privacy), 이종은(호서대학교 건축학과 외래교수)
- 1. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Neuro - Archietcture for Space Optimizing Privacy LEE JONG - EUN KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEURO-ARCHITECTURE APRIL, 2012
- 2. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE CONTENTS ISSUE & HYPOTHESIS CONCEPT OF PRIVACY NEURO – ARCHITECUTRAL EXPERIMENT ORIENTATION NEUROARCHITECTURE FOR SPACE OPTIMIZING PRIVACY
- 3. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Housing Problem Degradation to extreme conditions ISSUE “나홀로 가구 비중 23.9%...1인가구 시대 대비해야” 서울 YMCA “수도권 대학생 1인가구 절반 14m2 이하 거주”
- 4. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Changing pattern of behavior in coffee shops Before… ISSUE
- 5. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Now ! Changing pattern of behavior in coffee shops ISSUE
- 6. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Now ! ISSUE Changing pattern of behavior in coffee shops
- 7. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Public space : Extrovert Private activity : Introvert What’s the matter ? Contradiction between place & activity ISSUE + Communication with others Hold off interaction with others
- 8. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Approach me… Do not disturb ! ISSUE + What’s the matter ? Contradiction between place & activity
- 9. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE ISSUE Privacy-oriented in the public space ?
- 10. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Optimizing privacy process HYPOTHESIS 결혼을 하지 않은 사람은 적막한 집이 싫어서, 결혼한 사람은 적막한 장소가 필요해서 이 곳을 찾았다. 오마이뉴스 2008. 05. 15. ”이곳에 있으면 집이나 도서관에서보다 마음 편하게 공부를 할 수 있다"며 "특 별한 이유는 없고 인터넷과 바깥 도심풍경을 한가로이 즐기면서 공 부하기 때문에 그런 것 같다"고 말했다. 한국경제 2008. 01. 04 딱딱한 사무실과 달리 적당히 자유롭고 적당히 시끄러운 곳. 코피스족 들이 커피 전문점에서 최상의 작업 능률을 올릴 수 있다고 말하는 이유다. M25 2011. 01. 26
- 11. 1. (남의 눈길・간섭 등을 받지 않고) 혼자 있는 상태. 사생활 [자기 생활] (을 누리는 상태) 2. (대중의 관심을 벗어난) 사생활 [프라이버시] What is the privacy ?
- 12. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Irwin Altman PRIVACY Social penetration theory Personal boundary rules Onion metaphor Social psychology + Environmental psychology Privacy ∙ Personal space ∙ Territory ∙ Crowding
- 13. The privacy means total disconnection from others ?
- 14. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Interpersonal boundary-control process PRIVACY Pace and regulate interaction with others Dialectic process : Interplay of opposing forces - Restriction of interaction & Seeking of interaction Idea of privacy includes whole range of openness-closeness of a person or a group close open
- 15. The privacy is the constant state ?
- 16. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Dynamic process PRIVACY Systems non-static. Change over time and with different circumstances. Sometimes people want to be alone and out of contact with others… …and sometimes they want to be with others
- 17. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Optimizing process PRIVACY Desired privacy – Achieved privacy There is an optimal degree of desired access of the self to others at any moment in time. Privacy as a dialectic process Privacy as an optimization process
- 18. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Optimizing process PRIVACY Crowding– Isolation Deviation from this optimum in the direction of either too much or too little interaction is unsatisfactory Desired privacy > Achieved privacy ⇒ Crowding Desired privacy < Achieved privacy ⇒ Isolation
- 19. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY Behavioral mechanisms to implement desired levels of privacy 1. verbal behavior 2. non verbal use of the body 3. cultural defined norm & practices 4. environmental behaviors Verbal behavior
- 20. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY Verbal behavior + Non verbal behavior Behavioral mechanisms to implement desired levels of privacy 1. verbal behavior 2. non verbal use of the body 3. cultural defined norm & practices 4. environmental behaviors
- 21. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY Non verbal behavior + Personal space Behavioral mechanisms to implement desired levels of privacy 1. verbal behavior 2. non verbal use of the body 3. Cultural defined norm & practices 4. environmental behaviors
- 22. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY Territory + Verbal behavior Behavioral mechanisms to implement desired levels of privacy 1. verbal behavior 2. non verbal use of the body 3. Cultural defined norm & practices 4. environmental behaviors
- 23. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY Verbal behavior Verbal + Non verbal behavior Non verbal behavior + Personal space Territory + Verbal behavior Integrated system like a symphony orchestra If a person cannot achieve a desired level of boundary regulation, additional mechanisms may be mobilized. Thus privacy regulation involves a complex feedback system
- 24. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Feedback system PRIVACY These adjustments also require energy expenditure. Physiological cost heightened adrenalin-gland functionning excessive cardiovascular activity. Psychological cost stress, tension, and anxiety
- 25. What’s required for regulation ?
- 26. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE PRIVACY Behavioral options Privacy maximizes freedom of choice and behavioral options and thereby allows a person or group to have control over their activities Control space Important factor in maintaining options are to control space and to determine what will and will not take place in territories Possibility of choice Max. Min.
- 27. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE PRIVACY Behavioral options Privacy maximizes freedom of choice and behavioral options and thereby allows a person or group to have control over their activities Control space Important factor in maintaining options are to control space and to determine what will and will not take place in territories Possibility of choice
- 28. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Interaction with people Interaction with the nature Homes should allow a firm boundary from the outside world. The interior design should allow a family to have balanced contact with nature on the outside and family interaction on the inside
- 29. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 30. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 31. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 32. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 33. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 34. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Gradated environment There must be environment that are gradated in opportunity for interaction so that people can achieve a level of interaction appropriate to their condition and momentary needs.
- 35. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Possibility of choice PRIVACY Different permeability of boundaries The environment must have a series of boundaries that vary in their permeability into which people can gradually move to achieve desired interaction PRIVATE PRIVATE PUBLIC SEMI-PRIVATE SEMI-PUBLIC SEMI-PRIVATE PUBLIC
- 37. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Performance Test Coffee shops are places suitable for study ? Two places Common place where they usually study Coffee shop Different fields of questions Memorization Comprehension Mathematics Creative problem Common place < Coffee shop Common place = Coffee shop Common place > Coffee shop vs.HYPOTHESIS TESTING
- 38. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Effective quality Rewards HYPOTHESIS TESTING Increase activation of specific brain sectors Increase possibility to regulate privacy Performance Test Coffee shops are places suitable for study ?
- 39. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE Effective quality Rewards HYPOTHESIS TESTING Increase activation of specific brain sectors Increase possibility to regulate privacy Performance Test Coffee shops are places suitable for study ?
- 40. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE People ? HYPOTHESIS TESTING Exterior ? Quantity ? Quality ? What they expect ? - Elements to regulate privacy
- 41. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE People ? HYPOTHESIS TESTING What they expect ? - Elements to regulate privacy Quantity ? Quality ? SecludedCrowded Exterior ?
- 42. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE People ? HYPOTHESIS TESTING Exterior ? Quantity ? Quality ? In conversation Studying What they expect ? - Elements to regulate privacy
- 43. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE People ? HYPOTHESIS TESTING Exterior ? Quantity ? Quality ? By the wall By the window What they expect ? - Elements to regulate privacy
- 44. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE HYPOTHESIS TESTING Exterior ? Quantity ? Quality ? Natural view Urban view People ? What they expect ? - Elements to regulate privacy
- 45. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE HYPOTHESIS TESTING Exterior ? Decisive elements to optimize privacy ? Quantity ? Quality ? Secluded Crowded In conversation Studying By the wall By the window Natural view Urban view People ?
- 46. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE What can the neuroscience do for these questions? Happiness - Serotonin & Cortisol level test HYPOTHESIS TESTING
- 47. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE What can the neuroscience do for these questions? Brain response - Electroencephalogram (EEG) HYPOTHESIS TESTING
- 48. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE HYPOTHESIS TESTING Different household types influence the result ? Single-person household Multiple-persons household VS.
- 49. KOREAN ACADEMY OF NEUROSCIENCE FOR ARCHITECTURE What can we do from the result ? ORIENTATION Possibility to improve the residential design Economical but vs. public good Find a solution in the public place design Proximity / Private character in public park Elements applicable to the commercial space design Public needs + Economical but