4. Negotiation is one of the mmoosstt ddiiffffiiccuulltt jjoobbss aa ppeerrssoonn
ccaann ddoo.. IItt rreeqquuiirreess nnoott oonnllyy ggoooodd bbuussiinneessss jjuuddggmmeenntt
bbuutt aallssoo aa kkeeeenn uunnddeerrssttaannddiinngg ooff hhuummaann nnaattuurree..
35. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
TThhee ssaalleessppeerrssoonn ssoouunnddeedd
sshhoocckkeedd aanndd ssaaiidd,, ““TThhaatt iiss
iimmppoossssiibbllee,, wwee wwoouulldd nnoott
eevveenn ccoonnssiiddeerr iitt””.. AAhhmmaadd
aannttiicciippaatteedd tthhaatt rreessppoonnssee,,
aanndd aasskkeedd,, ““IIff yyoouu wwoouulldd
nnoott aacccceepptt RRss.. 45500,,000000,,
wwhhaatt wwiillll yyoouu aasskk??””
PINPOINT THE NEED
It had been established
that the seller would take
less than the asking price
but not Rs. 450,000. The
task then was to pinpoint
how much less than Rs.
450,000?
36. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
TThhee ssaalleessppeerrssoonn ddiidd ssoommee
ffiigguurriinngg bbeeffoorree hhee ssaaiidd ““RRss..
49900,,000000””.. AAhhmmaadd wwaass
pprreeppaarreedd ffoorr tthhiiss rreessppoonnssee
wwhhoo ttrriieedd aannootthheerr ssttrraatteeggyy
ssaayyiinngg,, ““MMrr.. AAgghhaa hhaass
rreecceennttllyy ssoolldd ttwwoo ooffffiiccee ooff
ssiimmiillaarr ssttaattuurree ffoorr RRss..
47700,,000000,, aanndd sseevveerraall ootthheerrss
aarree aavvaaiillaabbllee wwiitthh hhiimm.. WWhhyy
wwoouulldd nnoott yyoouu ddoo tthhee ssaammee
ffoorr mmee??””
CHALLENGE
A strategy designed to put
the other party on the
defensive in an effort to
win some concessions.
Added to the Pinpoint, the
Need strategy assists in
determining what the
seller will actually take.
38. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
““DDoowwnn ppaayymmeenntt iiss nnoott tthhee
pprroobblleemm bbuutt II ccaannnnoott ppaayy
tthhee rreesstt bbeeffoorree tthhrreeee
wweeeekkss..”” ““IItt iiss iimmppoossssiibbllee””,,
ssaaiidd tthhee ssaalleessmmaann,, ““oouurr
ccoommppaannyy rruulleess ddoo nnoott
ppeerrmmiitt iitt””.. AAhhmmaadd rreepplliieedd,,
““BBuutt II ccaannnnoott ppaayy aatt lleeaasstt
tthhiiss mmuucchh wwiitthhiinn tthhiiss
ppeerriioodd ooff ttiimmee..””
FEINTING
This strategy gives the
impression one thing is
desired whereas primary
objective is really
something else.
39. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
Politicians use a variation
of this strategy to test
receptivity by the public to
something they plan to do.
This planned action is
“leaked” by a “reliable
resource” to test
acceptability before final
action is taken.
40. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
““II ddoo nnoott tthhiinnkk II ccoouulldd
mmaakkee ffuurrtthheerr ccoonncceessssiioonn””,,
ssaaiidd tthhee ssaalleessmmaann.. ““OOkk!! LLeett
mmee ccoonnssuulltt mmyy bbuussiinneessss
ppaarrttnneerr ssiinnccee ffiinnaall ddeecciissiioonn
wwiillll oonnllyy bbee aafftteerr oouurr
mmuuttuuaall ccoonnsseennssuuss””,, ssaaiidd
AAhhmmaadd aanndd lleefftt tthhee
ssaalleessmmaann’’ss ooffffiiccee..
LIMITED AUTHORITY
Limited authority is an
attempt to postpone the
decision on a pretext to get
approval from a competent
authority. Whereas the real
aim is to gain time for
reconsideration, and / or
keeping the opponent under
pressure for a possible
negotiation breakage.
43. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
““BByy tthhee ttiimmee yyoouu bbrriinngg
yyoouurr ppaarrttnneerr bbaacckk,, II ccaallll ttoo
tthhee bbuuiillddeerr ffoorr hhiiss ooppiinniioonn..
II tthhiinnkk iitt iiss ppoossssiibbllee ttoo
rreeaacchh aa ddeeaall””,, ssaaiidd tthhee
ssaalleessmmaann wwhhiillee ddiiaalliinngg aa
tteelleepphhoonnee nnuummbbeerr wwhheenn
AAhhmmaadd wwaallkkeedd oouutt ooff hhiiss
ooffffiiccee ttoo ttrraaccee hhiiss
““eessttrraannggeedd”” bbuussiinneessss
ppaarrttnneerr..
GOOD GUY / BAD GUY
The good guy / bad guy
is an internationally used
strategy. One member
of a team takes a hard
line approach while
other member is friendly
and easy to deal with.
44. AApppprrooaacchh SSttrraatteeggyy
When bad guy steps out for
a few minutes, the good
guy offers the deal that
under the circumstances
seems too good to refuse.
Bad guys usually comprise
spouses, lawyers etc.
51. OOrraall CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn
PPhhrraassee tthhee wwoorrddss pprrooppeerrllyy;; iitt ddeelliivveerrss..
Two priests were so addicted to smoking that they
desperately needed to puff on cigarettes even when they prayed.
Both decided to ask their superior for permission to smoke.
The first asked if it was okay to smoke while praying?
Permission was denied. The second priest asked if he was
allowed to pray while he was smoking. His superior found his
dedication admirable and immediately granted his request.
54. Non-verbal
Communication
Symbolic Vibes
Paralanguage Kinesics
How something is said
instead of what is said i.e.
volume, rate and rhythm,
silent pauses, sighs etc.
Facial expressions,
body gestures, dress
etc.
Feelings and
emotions received
from others through
their body actions
55. BBooddyy LLaanngguuaaggee WWhhaatt iitt ccoouulldd mmeeaann
Avoiding eye contact Lack of confidence in bargaining
position
Making excessive eye contact Trying to bully or intimidate
Fiddling with objects such as
hair, pencils, or papers
Crossing and uncrossing the legs Impatient – wants to cut a deal
Lack of confidence in bargaining
position
quickly
Not receptive to your bargaining
position
Keeping legs and arms crossed