Networking dcoer
- 1. Presentation on Introduction to Networking & Network Devices
- 2. What is a Network?What is a Network? A network consists of 2 or more computers connected together, and they can communicate and share resources (e.g. information)
- 3. Why Networking?Why Networking? Sharing information — i.e. data communication Do you prefer these? • Or this?
- 4. HowHow many kinds of Networks?many kinds of Networks? • Depending on one’s perspective, we can classify networks in different ways • Based on transmission media: Wired (UTP, coaxial cables, fiber-optic cables) and Wireless • Based on network size: LAN and WAN (and MAN) • Based on management method: Peer-to-peer and Client/Server • Based on topology (connectivity): Bus, Star, Ring … : :
- 7. HUBHUB Acts on the physical layer Operate on bits rather than frames Multiple Hubs can be used to extend the network length Regenerate the network’s signal and resend them to other segments
- 8. Features & LimitationsFeatures & Limitations Features • Can connect different types of media • The most economic way of expanding networks Limitations • Cannot join segments with different access methods (e.g. CSMA/CD and token passing) • cannot filter network traffic • cannot determine best path
- 9. RepeatersRepeaters • Used to boost the signal between two cable segments or wireless access points. Repeaters clean, amplify, and resend signals that are weakened by long cable length. • Resides on Layer 1 of the OSI model.
- 10. BridgesBridges • Connects two LANs and forwards or filters data packets between them. • Forward data depending on the Hardware (MAC) address, not the Network address (IP). • The purpose is to filter traffic on a LAN, to keep local traffic local, yet allow connectivity to other segments of the network. • Resides on Layer 2 of the OSI model.
- 11. Differences Between Bridges andDifferences Between Bridges and RepeatersRepeaters Repeaters Bridges OSI layer Physical layer Data link layer Data regeneration Regenerate data at the signal level Regenerate data at the packet level Reduce network traffic No Yes
- 12. SwitchesSwitches Switches operate at the Data Link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model • Split large networks into small segments, decreasing the number of users sharing the same network resources and bandwidth. Each channel has its own capacity and need not be shared with other channels 10Mbps 10Mbps 10Mbps Switch Hub 3.3Mbps 3.3Mbps 3.3Mbps
- 13. RouterRouter • Connects any number of LANs. • Uses standardized protocols to move packets efficiently to their destination. • More sophisticated than bridges, connecting networks of different types (for example, star and token ring) • Forwards data depending on the Network address (IP), not the Hardware (MAC) address. • Used routing tables to determine the best path for data delivery
- 14. RouterRouter
- 15. GatewaysGateways Joining together two networks that use different base protocols. Implemented completely in software, completely in hardware, or as a combination of both. Gateways operate at the any layer of the OSI model. Also called protocol converters.
- 16. GatewaysGateways
- 17. MODEMMODEM
- 18. Devices and the layers at whichDevices and the layers at which They operateThey operate Layer Name of Layer Device 3 Network Routers, layer 3 switches 2 Data Link Switches, bridges, NIC’s 1 Physical Hubs
- 19. SummarySummary • Repeaters are the least expensive way to expand a network, but they are limited to connecting two segments • Bridges function similar to repeaters, but can understand the node addresses • Switches can be considered as multiport bridges, can divide a network into some logical channels • Routers interconnect networks and provide filtering functions. They can determine the best route