Networking
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The document provides an overview of networking concepts including network topologies, protocols, and services. It describes common network devices like servers, hubs, switches, and routers. It also discusses network addressing using IP addresses and subnets. The layers of the TCP/IP model are defined. Finally, it introduces internet connectivity concepts such as proxies, firewalls, and network address translation.
Networking
- 1. 1 Network + An Overview of Networking
- 2. 2 Networking Benefits Networking Enables: Information Sharing Hardware and Software Sharing Centralized Administration and Support
- 3. 3 Roles of Computers in a Network Mail Server Database Server Database Fax Server File and Print Server Directory Services Server Client Computer File and Print Server Database Server Mail Server Fax Server Mail Server Database Server Database Fax Server File and Print Server
- 6. 6 Scope of Networks Local Area Network Wide Area Network
- 19. 19 Ring Topology
- 20. 20 Mesh Topology
- 22. 22 Ethernet Characteristics Description Access Method CSMA/CD Transfer Speed Standard Ethernet – 10 Mbps Fast Ethernet – 100 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet – 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps) Collision DetectionCarrier Sense Multiple Access Detects signalTransmits signal Collision detected
- 23. 23 Token Ring Characteristics Description Access Method Token passing Transfer Speed 4 to 16 Mbps for all cable types Physical Ring Logical Ring MSAU
- 24. 24 Fiber Distributed Data Interface Characteristics Description Access Method Token passing Transfer Speed Fiber-optic at 155 Mbps to 622 Mbps Primary Ring Secondary Ring
- 25. 25 Network Cables Types of Cables Coaxial ThinNet ThickNet10Base2, 10Base5 Fiber-Optics Twisted-Pair Unshielded (UTP) Shielded (STP)10BaseT
- 26. 26 Wireless Communication DevicesWireless Communication Devices Narrowband Radio Transmission Infrared Transmission
- 27. 27 Repeaters and Hubs Repeater Transmits data to all connected computers Hub Transmits data to all connected computers in a star topology Repeater Hub
- 32. 32 Infrared Data Association (IrDA) Wireless Communication by Using IrDA Windows Client Mouse Laptop
- 33. 33 Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer
- 34. 34 Types of Data Transmissions BroadcastUnicast Multicast
- 35. 35 IP Address Classes w x y z Class A Network ID Host ID Class B Network ID Host ID Class C Network ID Host ID
- 36. 36 IP Addresses 192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0 192.168.1.100 192.168.2.101 192.168.2.100 192.168.3.100 192.168.2.0 192.168.1.100 IP Address Host ID Network ID
- 37. 37 Subnets Router Subnet 1 Subnet 2 1 2 Hub Hub
- 38. 38 Addressing Guidelines The Host ID Cannot Be All Zeros The Host ID Cannot Be All 255s The First Number in the Network ID Cannot Be 127 The Host ID Must Be Unique to the Local Network ID
- 39. 39 CIDR Notation IP Address Subnet Mask Number of Subnet Mask Bits (ones) IP Address in CIDR Notation 255 . 255 . 240 . 0 11111111 11111111 11110000 00000000 10 . 217 . 123 . 7 00001010 11011001 01111011 00000111 8 + 8 + 4 + 0 = 20 10.217.123.7/20
- 40. 40 The Internet Client Connection Using TCP/IP Protocol Internet Server Text, Audio, Video, and Graphics Data
- 41. 41 Internet Services Internet Electronic Mail (e-mail) World Wide Web (WWW) Chat Internet News File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Telnet
- 43. 43 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) URL (http://example.microsoft.com/tutorial/ default.html) – Protocol used (http://) – DNS address (example.microsoft.com) – Path on the server (/tutorial/default.html) http://example.microsoft.com/tutorial/default.html
- 44. 44 Domain Naming Domain Name (example.microsoft.com) – Top-level domain (com) – Second-level domain (microsoft.com) – Subdomain (example.microsoft.com) com example.microsoft.com microsoft.com
- 46. 46 Features of a Domain Single User AccountSingle Logon Centralized Management Scalability
- 47. 47 Benefits of a Domain Organized Objects Paris RepairSales User1 Computer1 Printer1User2 Easy Location of Information Streamlined Access Delegated Authority
- 48. 48 Internet Protocols Internet HTTP HTTPS FTP SMTP NNTP HTML DHTML Server Data Client Connection Using an Internet Protocol
- 49. 49 TCP/IP Layers Application Layer Transport Layer Internet Layer Network Interface Layer Internet LayerIP ICMP IGMP ARP Network Interface Layer EthernetATM Transport LayerUDPTCP Application Layer FTPHTTP
- 50. 50 Network Address Translators (NATs) Internet 192.168.0.10 w1.x1.y1.z1 w2.x2.y2.z2 Web Browser NAT Web Server
- 51. 51 Proxy Servers Internet Proxy Server Authorized Web Site Restricted Web Site LAN LAN LAN
- 53. 53 Questions?