Neurotransmitters Presentation MS HAPI Practicum
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The document discusses neurotransmitters, highlighting their diverse roles and significant impact on brain function while emphasizing the individual differences in how brains adapt to neurotransmitter changes. It explains the mechanisms of neurotransmission, types of neurotransmitters, and their excitatory or inhibitory effects based on receptor types. Additionally, the document touches on specific neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin, and their relevance to conditions like Parkinson's disease and depression.
Neurotransmitters Presentation MS HAPI Practicum
- 2. How to Think About Neurotransmitters ● Measuring? ● Every brain is different ● Every adaptation is different ● Thoughtful explanations for patients – Requires understanding the mechanism of neurotransmission – Acknowledge the patient as changing, not the drug as changing the patient
- 3. Test Tubes vs. People www.stockpodium.com, www.health.com
- 4. The Brain Changes the Brain ● Brain is adapting to the presence of the drug ● Drug is not changing the brain ● Cannot measure adaptation ● Each patient’s brain will adapt differently to the same drug www.louisianaweekly.com; www.drfelixcasados.com
- 5. Www.shopstyle.com, www.pd4pic.com Neurotransmitters are our friends, mostly.
- 6. Chemical Synapse Allows Control http://commonconstitutionalist.com/2013/02/page/2/ PASS THIS GUY, QUICK!
- 7. http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/oakwood-theme-park-thrill-seekers-stranded-2138272 Electrical Synapses are Automatic YOU ARE ON FOR THE RIDE
- 10. Fate of NT’s in the Cleft ● Degraded by enzyme ● Reuptake of component parts by pre-synaptic neuron – Recycled ● Co-enzymes assist
- 11. Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission •Excitatory neurotransmitters –Propagate the signal •Inhibitory neurotransmitters –Stop the signal
- 12. Effect of NT Depends on Receptor ● Each neuron is continuously exposed to many different neurotransmitters ● Some will have an excitatory effect; some an inhibitory effect. ● In every case, the effect of the NT depends entirely on the nature or kind of receptor on the post-synaptic membrane
- 13. Major Classes of Neurotransmitters ● Acetylcholine ● Biogenic amines/catecholamines ● Amino acids ● Neuropeptides ● Dissolved gases
- 14. Common Neurotransmitters ● Norepinephrine (NE) ● Acetylcholine (Ach) ● Dopamine (DA) ● Serotonin (5-HTP) ● GABA (Gamma aminobutyric acid)
- 15. Acetylcholine uh-see-dul-COAL-lean/Southern ah-Seh-til-KO-leen/Northern ● Cholinergic synapse ● Skeletal muscle excitatory ● Cardiac muscle inhibitory ● Parasympathetic – Feed & Breed, Rest & Digest
- 16. Acetylcholine to Skeletal Muscle Humanbiologylab.pblabworks.com
- 18. Epinephrine EP-uh-nef-fren/Southern ep-i-NEF-rin/Northern ● Noradrenaline & Adrenaline ● Adrenergic synapse ● Sympathetic ● Fight or flight – Increase heartbeat, slow or stop digestion, tunnel vision, increase respiratory rate, blood shunted to extremities Norpinephrine NOR-ep-uh-NEF-fren/Southern nor-ep-i-NEF-rin/Northern
- 20. Dopamine DOPE-ah-mean/Southern DO-puh-men/Northern • Precise control of movement • Reward pathways • Parkinson’s dz • Cocaine www.taringa.net
- 21. Dopamine & Parkinson’s Disease www.antiagingfirewalls.com Seekingalpha.com
- 22. Serotonin sara-TONE-en/Southern ser-o-TO-nin/Northern ● Emotion ● Attention span ● Sleep/wake cycle ● Depression ● Chronic pain syndromes “Happy” in her bed, 2014. A southern dog.
- 23. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors www.bluelight.org www.dmlawfirm.com
- 24. Gamma Aminobutyric Acid GHAM-ah uh-MEAN-o {pause} bue-TIRE-rick ay-sid/Southern Gyeah-ma a-ME-no-bu-TER-ik eya-cid/Northern ● GABA ● Pain control ● Anxiety ● Epilepsy ● Migraines
- 25. Gamma Aminobutyric Acid www.sistermanervoso.com Mcg.metrocreativeconnection.com
- 26. References: •Martini, FH, Nath, JL, & Bartholomew, EF. (2012). Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Benjamin Cummings. •All clip art images herein are used with permission from Microsoft.