Nitogen laser ( N2 Laser )
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A nitrogen laser operates by using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, emitting ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 337.1 nm. When an electric spark excites nitrogen atoms, stimulated emission produces a laser beam. Nitrogen lasers have a short pulse width and high intensity, drawing high power through electrical discharge. They can be used for applications like laser-induced fluorescence, photochemistry, spectroscopy, and pumping dye lasers.
Nitogen laser ( N2 Laser )
- 1. Submitted to: Ms. Rini Saxena Submitted by: Sachin Sharma C.S.E(2nd year)
- 2. A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet (UV) range by using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium. Nitrogen lasers were first developed in 1963, and began to be used commercially in 1972. Nitrogen lasers operate based on a fast electrical discharge through nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas can be supplied through a gas cylinder, or from liquid nitrogen. The laser light emitted is in the UV range, with a short pulse width and high intensity.
- 3. Input power of high-power N2-lasers equipped with vacuum pumps may draw total current of 20 A at 110 V, or draw a smaller amperage at 220 V for cooling using forced- air system or water cooling system as an option for operation at high repetition rates.
- 5. The nitrogen laser uses electricity to excite the nitrogen. When an electric spark crosses a spark gap in the laser, the electrons hit the nitrogen atoms in air thereby exciting them into a metastable state. When a photon with a wavelength of 337 nm passes the excited nitrogen atoms, stimulated emission occurs and a laser state is generated.
- 7. Standard nitrogen lasers emitting at 337.11 nm can also emit additional lines at 357.60 nm in the near-infrared, but emission on those lines is suppressed in standard models. The single ionized species, N2+ has laser line at 428.00 nm, but it is not produced by standard N2 lasers and is rarely used because of low power. The low pulse energy levels reflect the gas's very limited energy storage capacity which originates with the short upper-state life time.
- 8. The efficiency of pulsed N2 laser is 0.11nm and the spectral bandwidth is of 0.1 nm. The coherence length with this bandwidth can be estimated in order of 1.0 mm. Spatial coherence is also small.
- 9. Laser type gas Pump source electrical discharge Operating wavelength 337.1nm Pulse energy 170micro j Bandwidth 1.1nm
- 10. Nitrogen lasers can be used for a wide range of applications in the UV-visible region. They can be easily coupled to a microscope for carrying out experiments in life science laboratories. They are also efficient sources for laser-induced fluorescence and photochemistry and general spectroscopy. Other major applications of nitrogen lasers include: Measurement of air pollution Treatment of nonhealing wounds, pulmonary tuberculosis, etc Transverse optical pumping of dye lasers.