Noise & vibration
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This document discusses noise and vibration in occupational settings. It defines noise and vibration, describes how they are measured, and outlines their common sources and health effects. For noise, common sources include industrial facilities and transportation. Prolonged exposure can cause hearing impairment, cardiovascular disease, and stress. Vibration is caused by imbalanced rotating parts and friction in machines. It is measured by its effect on the hand, arm, or whole body. Long-term exposure is linked to hand-arm vibration syndrome and other neurological and vascular issues. Both noise and vibration can be controlled through engineering solutions like dampers, isolation, and maintenance along with personal protective equipment and limiting exposure time.
Noise & vibration
- 1. Presented BySHASHI SARASWAT PGDSHE (137235)
- 2. CONTENTS What is Noise? Classification of Noise Measurement of Noise Causes & its Effect Control methods What is Vibration? Types of Vibrations Causes & Effects of Vibration Control of Vibrations
- 3. NOISE “Noise is any sound independent of loudness which can produce an undesired physiological or psychological effect in an individual.” Word ‘NOISE’ derived from latin word ‘NAUSEA’ which means feeling sickness Noise is a type of sound which:i. Caries no information ii. Random iii. Undesirable & Unwanted
- 5. OCCUPATIONAL NOISE “Noise related to any occupation is called OCCUPATIONAL NOISE” Workers who operate, service or maintain vehicles, equipments & machinery are exposed to occupational noise. Ex- Cement & Concrete industries, Printing press, Sheet Metal industries, Gear manufacturing plants, Construction sites
- 6. MEASURMENT OF NOISE ‘DECIBEL’(dB) is used to measure the intensity of sound. dB=10 log(I/I0) where I= sound intensity in watts/m2, I0= reference sound intensity Measuring Instruments :1. Noise Dosimeter 2. SLM 3. ISLM Simple Dosimeter
- 7. SOURCES OF NOISE 1-Stationary Sources:- Iron & Steel plants, Textile mills, Printing presses, Workshops, Metal Industries, use of loudspeakers on festivals, Elections, Worships in Temples, Mosques etc 2-Mobile Sources:- Road traffic, Railway traffic, Aero traffic, Marine vehicles, Agriculture machines
- 8. EFFCTS OF NOISE Physiological Effects a) Hearing impairment b) Hypertension c) Heart disease d) Lowering the concentration and effect on memory e) Muscular strain and nervous breakdown. Psychological Effects a) Depression and Fatigue b) Mental Stress c) Frustration d) Sleep Interference
- 9. Continued…. Other Health Effects a) Communication Disturbance b) Habit of talking loudly c) Uncomforting “Traffic noise alone is harming the health of almost every third person in the WHO European Region.”
- 11. CONTROL OF NOISE Noise can be controlled at three levels: 1. Reducing the sound produced. 2. Interrupting the path of the sound. 3. Protecting the recipient . Noise can also be controlled by following:i. Reducing Impact Force. ii. Reduce Speed and Pressure. iii. Reducing Friction b/w Machine Parts. iv. Isolate & Damper Vibrating Elements. v. Providing Mufflers/Silencers. vi. Highways could be routed away from populated areas. vii. Maximum germination of green plants or vegetation.
- 12. VIBRATION Vibration is the mechanical oscillations of an object about an equilibrium point. The oscillations may be regular such as the motion of a pendulum . Vibration Oscillation
- 13. Continued… Vibration is desirable for the correct functioning of the various devices in case of Harmoniums Mobile Phones Loudspeaker etc. While Vibrations are undesirable such as- Wasting energy Creating unwanted sound noise Vibration of engines, electric motors
- 14. TYPES OF VIBRATIONS On the basis of force applied:- Free vibration -Occurs when a mechanical system is set off with an initial input and then allowed to vibrate freely. Ex-simple pendulum 2. Forced vibration -When a time-varying disturbance (load, displacement or velocity) is applied to a mechanical system. Ex-shaking washing machine due to an imbalance, transportation vibration (caused by truck engine, springs, road, etc.), 1.
- 15. Continued… On the basis of vibration expose 1. Hand Arm Vibration(HAV)When hand of a worker is exposed to vibrating body during the occupation. 2. Whole Body Vibration(WBV)when whole body expose to vibrating body or system. 3. Environmental Vibration
- 16. CAUSES OF VIBRATION Vibrations can be caused by i. Imbalanced rotating parts. ii. Uneven friction. iii. Meshing of gear teeth. Vibration Exposure is caused in many occupations where a worker is comes in contact with vibrating machinery or equipment i. Vibration enters the body from the organ in contact with vibrating equipment. ii. Worker operates hand-held equipment. iii. A worker sits or stands on a vibrating floor or seat.
- 17. EFFECTS OF VIBRATION Effects of HAV i. Vibration –induced White Finger(VWF) ii. Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome(Raynauld’s Phenomenon iii. Vascular iv. Neural Effects of WBV i. Shakiness ii. Insomnia iii. Headache iv. Fatigue
- 18. CONTROL METHODS Anti Vibration Tools 2. Anti Vibration Gloves 3. Safe Work Practices 4. Employee Education 1.