![Civilization
Religion
Culture
Nation
Islam (Shamil)
'Din' - a way of life in
accordance with God's laws
West
The initial stage - the
phenomenon of the universe
Matured - metaphysical and
positive stage, religion is not
necessary
In other words: Budaya or Thaqafah; Kamus Dewan – way of life of a society
Differences in cultures and civilizations:
a) Not all cultures are considered as civilized
b) Civilization transcends across national boundaries
"O mankind! We created you
from a male and a female, and
made you into nations and
tribes to know each other. Verily
the most honored of you is the
most pious in the sight of God.
"[Al-Hujurat: 13]
Race/Nation - A group of
people who recognize
themselves as a community.
3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/note-240730152121-69e736c9/85/Note-Topic-1-Part-2-Introduction-to-TITAS-Eng-Ver-2-pdf-3-320.jpg)
Note. Topic 1 (Part 2). Introduction to TITAS. Eng Ver (2).pdf
- 1. Citizenship Values Education | Taylor’s University, Lakeside 1
- 3. Civilization Religion Culture Nation Islam (Shamil) 'Din' - a way of life in accordance with God's laws West The initial stage - the phenomenon of the universe Matured - metaphysical and positive stage, religion is not necessary In other words: Budaya or Thaqafah; Kamus Dewan – way of life of a society Differences in cultures and civilizations: a) Not all cultures are considered as civilized b) Civilization transcends across national boundaries "O mankind! We created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes to know each other. Verily the most honored of you is the most pious in the sight of God. "[Al-Hujurat: 13] Race/Nation - A group of people who recognize themselves as a community. 3
- 4. The Birth and Rise of Civilizations Strategic Location a) Geography b) Natural resources Ganges Valley, Nile River Religious Motivation Appreciate the value of life Towards human perfection Commendable morals and values Nurturing love of knowledge, cultivate responsible leadership, and honest Plato, Aristotle (Knowledge is food for soul) Miseries of life Coming together to be free from the shackles of life “Necessity is mother of intervention” 4
- 5. The Rise of Civilizations Interaction with other civilizations Openness, knowledge sharing, and tolerance Example: The clash of Islamic Civilization and Chinese Civilization Political stability Kingdom/Rulers System like Malay Kingdoms Laws of Melaka, Constitution of Medina Sufficient Economy Agriculture, Trading, livestock 5
- 6. The Decline and Fall of Civilizations Social Gap • Huge gap between the rich and poor • Example: End of Roman empire Oppression & Tyranny • Laws and countries’ values were not respected • Example: Roman empire, Greek empire Moral Values Collapse •Especially for leaders/rulers •"Indeed one race can stand high that is because their moral elevation. If the moral disappear, then the people will perish. " Jumud – old-fashioned and Disaster •Refused to accept any changes (technology, political structure, economy and social) – Barriers to advancement •Natural disaster – volcanic eruption, flood, earthquake 6
- 7. Similarities & Differences of Civilization Environment Family Community /Society Government Economy Education Health and Social Welfare 7
- 8. Interaction between Civilizations Interaction – A social process, resulting from a clash between cultures and civilizations Platforms of Interactions – Similar ideologies, diplomatic relations, economic activities, colonialism, exploration, education, media, war, marriage, missionaries What are the factors that make it difficult for interaction? 8
- 9. Interaction between Civilizations Interaction within the same culture Example: Muslims and Hindus in India Interaction of different cultures and civilizations Example: Muslims and Buddhists in Cambodia Interaction between the strong and weak civilizations Example: Relationship and safeguards of Jews and Christians in Medina Constitution 9
- 10. The Result of Interaction between Civilizations Assimilation: the process by which a person loses his/her original identity. Acculturation: a culturing process that does not eliminate the original identity of an ethnic group Accommodation: tolerating and embracing the differences while perpetuating the identity of each Amalgamation: the inclusion and engagement to produce a new culture Conflict: conscious fights or direct contradictions but it does not necessarily end with annihilation 10
- 11. Positive Interactions Islamic Civilization Prophet Muhammad rules Medina Prophet PBUH provides protection and rights to Jews and Christians Jew and Christian Intellectuals are given the opportunity to contribute in the days of the Islamic empire 11
- 12. Positive Interactions Interaction between Chinese and Indian Civilizations Spread of Buddhism Transfer of Technology Development of knowledge Interaction between Chinese and Islamic Civilization Trading relation with Arabs and Persians in China Mixed marriage and the spread of Islam Science and technology Chinese-Muslim figures in Chinese administration 12
- 13. Positive Interactions Interactions of Chinese and Indian Civilizations in Southeast Asia The spread of Hinduism-Buddhism to Southeast Asia The influence of Sanskrit language and literature in local language: Malay language Diplomatic relations through marriage: Sultan Mansur and Princess Li Po Trading relations – Silk, porcelain and Chinese food 13
- 14. Negative Interactions Crusades between Christian Europeans and Muslims Killing between Hindus and Muslims in India and the destruction of mosques and temples Confucian intellectuals during Han Dynasty imprisoned Buddhist monks–prevent the spread of Buddhism and destroy the temple The conflict in Bosnia, the Muslim-Zionists in Palestine, Islam, Hinduism in Gujarat and Kashmir, and the invasion of Tibet by China 14
- 15. The Importance of Dialogues Universal values - Understand the objectives of both parties Good relations and cooperation - Achieve consensus Respect the differences - not prejudice, understand the perceptions of others Tolerance - Defensive while giving insights 15