Nsg informatics
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The document discusses nursing informatics, which is defined as the combination of computer science, information science, and nursing science used to manage and process nursing data, information, and knowledge. It provides an overview of the historical development of nursing informatics and the roles of nurse informaticists. Key points covered include the use of electronic health records, telehealth, and computerized documentation systems in healthcare. The importance of technical, utility, and leadership competencies for nursing informatics is also highlighted.
Nsg informatics
- 1. Nursing Informatics SANGEETHA ANTOE M.SC (N) SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 1
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Health care is delivered in dynamic, complex, and ever changing environment • Changes in medical treatments, regulations for federal and state reimbursement and public knowledge create growing demands for information. • Computer has moved from “nice to know” luxury item to “need to know”. • On average medical/ surgical nurse spent 34% of their time handling information SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 2
- 3. Definition of Nursing Informatics • Nursing informatics is a combination of computer science, information science and nursing science designed to assist in the management and processing of nursing data, information and knowledge. -Graves & Corcoran,1989 SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 3
- 4. Definition of Nursing Informatics (2) • Nursing informatics is using technology, research, and professional experience to manage nursing data, information, and knowledge to improve practice and deliver better health care. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 4
- 5. Nursing Informatics SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 5
- 6. Historical development • Healthcare began to use computers in the 1950’s. • Computers, in this era, were typically used in the business office. • In the 1970’s, nursing began to realize the importance of computers to the nursing profession and became involved in the design, purchase, and implementation of information systems SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 6
- 7. Historical development… • In the 1980’s, medical and nursing informatics specialties emerged. • 1995 saw the first certification exam for NI. • The post-2000 era saw an unprecedented explosion in the number and sophistication of both computer hardware and software. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 7
- 8. Historical develpoment… • Telemedicine became possible and was recognized as a specialty in the late 1990’s . • NI has experienced rapid growth in the last 40 years which does not appear to be slowing. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 8
- 9. All Nurses Must •Possess computer skills •Be able to use applications, and •Know how to manage information and knowledge SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 9
- 10. Why is it important? •Informatics enables nurses to use information and communications technologies in the: collection of data, use of information generation of knowledge to support nursing practice SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS Technology Nursing 10
- 11. Nursing information system Nursing Information Systems • When time and energy are at a premium, using a Nursing Information System (NIS) in acute care settings can assist in applying nursing knowledge and wisdom to everyday care • Documentation can be more timely, more complete, and more accurate when captured at the “point of origin”, usually the client’s bedside in acute care settings. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 11
- 12. Functional Areas of Nursing Informatics : ANA Scope and Standards of Practice • • • • • • • • • Administration, leadership and management Analysis Compliance & integrity management Consultation Coordination, facilitation, & integration Development Educational & professional development Policy development & advocacy Research evaluation SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 12
- 13. The goal of nursing informatics…. • is to improve the health of populations, communities, families, and individuals by optimizing information management and communication. This includes the use of information and technology in the •direct provision of care • in establishing effective administrative systems • in managing and delivering educational experiences • insupporting lifelong learning • in supporting nursing research” SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 13
- 14. The Value of Nurse Informaticists • Support nursing work processes using technology – Design systems to match clinical workflows Telehealth Home health Ambulatory care Long-term care Acute care – all specialties Outpatient settings Software development Redesign work flows SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 14
- 15. The Value of Nurse Informaticists • Increase the accuracy and completeness of nursing documentation • Improve the nurse’s workflow – Eliminate redundant documentation • Automate the collection and reuse of nursing data • Facilitate analysis of clinical data SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 15
- 16. Using information • Evidence-based practice leads to: – Determining standards and guidelines – Guide for decision-making process – Determines best practice • Nursing informatics can enable dissemination of new knowledge. – Practitioners update themselves of new developments through journals, conferences, continuing education sessions. . SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 16
- 17. Disaster Nursing Informatics SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 17
- 18. The Benefits of Nursing Informatics • In the practice of professional nursing • In the delivery of patient care in the healthcare continuum SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 18
- 19. The Benefits of Nursing Informaticists •Benefits for nurses and the interdisciplinary team: a. Support for their mission to deliver high quality, evidence-based care b. Support for better service by facilitating true interdisciplinary care c. Promotes improvement in key relationships with physicians, peers, interdisciplinary care team members, patients and families SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 19
- 20. EDUCATION IN INFORMATICS Both formal and informal education for nursing informatics are available. Needs B.Sc (N) plus a second degree in computer science or information technology SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 20
- 21. Formal informatics • Category I- it is a graduate programs with a specialist nursing informatics focus. • Category II- in this program students take 6 to 12 months credits of course work in informatics • Category III- offer individual courses in nursing informatics at both the graduate and undergraduate level. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 21
- 22. Informal education • Networking through professional organizations • Keeping abreast of literature by Reading journals Professional conferences SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 22
- 23. Frist Nursing Informatics Center SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 23
- 24. Certification: American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) offers certification: • Possess active registered nursing license • B.Sc (N) or higher Nursing degree • Have practiced at least 2 years • Have earned 20 contact hours of continuing education credit. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 24
- 25. NEEDED COMPETENCIES SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 25
- 26. TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES Technical competencies are related to the actual psychomotor use of computers and other technological equipment. Specific nursing informatics competencies include the ability to use selected applications in a comfortable and knowledgeable way. It is important that nurses feel confident in their use of computers and software in the practice setting, especially at the bedside, in order to be able to attend to the client at the same time. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 26
- 27. TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES •Word processing •Keyboarding •Spreadsheets •Presentation Graphics •Databases •Desktop Publishing •Periphereals (printers, CD-ROMS, DVD) •World Wide Web SANGEETHA ANTOE • • • • E-mail programs Expert data systems Multimedia Telecommunication devices • Nursing information systems • Hospital information system NURSING INFORMATICS 27
- 28. UTILITY COMPETENCIES Utility competencies are related to the process of using computers and other technological equipment within nursing practice, education, research and administration. Specific nursing informatics competencies include the process of applying evidenced based practice, critical thinking, and accountability in the use of selected applications in a comfortable and knowledgeable way SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 28
- 29. LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES Leadership competencies are related to the ethical and management issues related to using computers and other technological equipment within nursing practice, education, research and administration. Specific nursing informatics competencies include the process of applying accountability, client privacy and confidentiality and quality assurance in documentation in the use of selected applications in a comfortable and knowledgeable way SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 29
- 30. NI Leadership Role • • • • • • • Evidence-Based Practice Computer literacy skills Information literacy skills Project Management skills Change Management skills Process Management skills Information management and communication – Data analysis – Trending & forecasting SANGEETHA ANTOE • Resource Planning, Utilization & Evaluation – Technology Assessment • Administration • Safety & quality • Make judgments based on data trends & patterns • Consultant • Innovator NURSING INFORMATICS 30
- 31. Nursing Informatics – Future • Ubiquitous computing is becoming a reality and the continued innovation and miniaturization of technology is evident. Consequently partnering between nurses in all specialties and new technologies is becoming imperative • The speed of information transfer and the increasing availability of communication technologies will impact nurses and informatics nurse specialists in the future, making nursing practice and NI, in particular, more international in practices with world-wide standards, competencies and curricula SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 31
- 32. Future of Nursing Informatics • Acute care outpatient care Home care • Need knowledgeable practitioners to investigate, implement and use automation • Practitioners will be hired not so much for their knowledge of skill as for their ability to handle information to make decision that produce cost effective results. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 32
- 33. Future of Nursing Informatics • Emerging roles – Entrepreneurs, Product Developers, Web design, Independent Consultants • Challenges – Integration of data—duplication often – Inability to access data for decision making SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 33
- 35. Development of modern computing • Phase I- Main frame era many people share one computer • Phase II- PC era one person to one computer • Phase III1. Ubiquitous computing many computers to each person Matsushita of Japan developed a prototype toilet that includes online health monitoring system. 2. Internet SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 35
- 36. OFFICE AUTOMATION • Nursing office automation is the integrated electronic technology distributed throughout the Nursing administrative office. • Affects the filing and retrieval of documents, text processing, telephone communication and informal meetings. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 36
- 37. OFFICE AUTOMATION… • Word processing Typed material is entered onto some form of magnetic media. The equipment has the capability of easily moving sentences, paragraphs or entire page to different part of the document. The document can be processed against automatic spelling and grammar checker program. Data can be stored and retrieved for further revision SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 37
- 38. OFFICE AUTOMATION… • Electronic filing With electronic filing system it is possible to search for documents by keywords, titles, originators name or date of preparation. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 38
- 39. OFFICE AUTOMATION… • Electronic document distribution(EDD) Used for transmitting cash reports, draft of contracts, questionnaires routine correspondence and other administrative documents. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 39
- 40. OFFICE AUTOMATION… • Electronic mail It is unofficial electronic communication among individuals or office. It replaces several telephone calls that would be required to impart the same message. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 40
- 41. Electronic Health Record (EHR) … • a longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting. Included in this information are patient demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 41
- 42. EHRs…. • The EHR has the ability to generate a complete record of a clinical patient encounter, as well as supporting other care-related activities directly or indirectly via interface – including evidence-based decision support, quality management, and outcomes reporting. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 42
- 43. E-health • E-health is a client-centered World Wide Web-based network where clients and health care providers collaborate through ICT mediums to research, seek, manage, deliver, refer, arrange, and consult with others about health related information and concerns SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 43
- 44. Nursing Roles in E-health • health advisors • Internet guides to help clients select reliable information resources • support group liaisons • web information providers • Nurses need to be involved in the design and implementation of E-health portals and programs that provide the best possible experience for health care clients. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 44
- 45. Tele-nursing • Telenursing is the branch of telehealth that involves actual nursing and client interaction through the medium of information technology SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 45
- 46. Benefits of Telenursing • Nurses can actually view healing wounds, can access physiological monitoring equipment to measure physical indicators such as vital signs and provide routine assessment and follow-up care without the client having to travel to the health care agency for an appointment. • New technologies have added a visual component to the interactions that augments the historic audio exchange. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 46
- 47. Interaction with other health care professionals SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 47
- 48. Computerized documentation system SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 48
- 49. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM 1. Auditing Computers are making it possible to audit records on an ongoing basis and provide feedback to care providers on the completeness of their documentation SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 49
- 50. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d 2. Billing systems Entering both patient information and a provider password into a computer inorder to access supplies or medications. This means no items can be taken without proper authorization and expenses can be attributed to the appropriate patient. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 50
- 51. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d 3. Patient information retrieval Results of lab and diagnostic tests have been posted to computer records, made rapidly available to those who need it SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 51
- 52. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d 4. Order entry a.Entry of physicians order, lab tests, diagnostic tests and therapies is recorded b. eliminate source of error such as illegible handwriting, mistakes regarding abbrevation, and confusion over spelling of similar drug names. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 52
- 53. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d 5. Nursing data entry Many long term care facilities have nurses complete assessment forms such as minimum data set (MDS) and they have a data entry person in medical records enter the data in order to facilitate the computerized billing process SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 53
- 54. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d 6. Computerized medication administration system computerization of all medication records along with bar coding of the medications and patient identification bands. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 54
- 55. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d Other computer resources: • Drug reference • References regarding diagnostic tests • Policy and procedure manual • Medical center library reference • Copies of journals • bed management SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 55
- 56. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d Other computer resources: • Nursing service information • To bleep • Staff information • Patient search • Bill checking • ECT list posting • Admission recording SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 56
- 57. COMPUTERIZED DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM cont’d Other computer resources: • Entering transfer, discharge • Salary • Weekly institution news • Staff meetings • E-mail to the authorities SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 57
- 58. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS • Computerized patient record (CPR) or electronic patient record include all information about an individual’s life time health status and health care. • Include information on Allergies History of illness and injury Functional status Diagnostic studies Assessments Orders Consultant reports SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 58 Treatment records
- 59. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS- cont’d • Also includes wellness information Immunization history Behavioral data Environmental information Demographics Health insurance Administrative data for care delivery processes Legal data such as consents SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 59
- 60. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS-cont’d 1. Data capture: • Refers to the collection and entry of data into a computer system. 2. storage: • Health data are distributed across multiple systems at different sites. • Needs common access protocols, retention schedule and universal identification. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 60
- 61. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS- cont’d 3. Information Processing: • Computer processing functions provide for effective retrieval and processing of data into useful information. • These include decision support tool such as alerts and alarms for drug interactions, allergies and abnormal lab results. • Reminders can be provided for administration, medication administration SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 61
- 62. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS-cont’d 4. Information communication: it refers to the interoperability of systems and linkages for exchange of data across disparate systems. 5. Security: ensures security as only authorized users with legitimate uses have access to health information SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 62
- 63. COMPUTERIZED PATIENT RECORDS-cont’d 6. Information presentation: authorized care givers should have the information they need in their preferred presentation form Eg: nurses needs data in detail blood donation centers need not need much SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 63
- 64. Information resources through Internet 1. E-mail access: E- mail allows to send and receive messages rapidly around the world. Specific names .gov- governmental agencies .edu- educational institutions .com- commercial companies .org- non profit organizations SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 64
- 65. Information resources through Internet cont’d • Uses of E-mail: 1.Contact experts in the field 2.Ask specific questions of manufactures regarding the use of their products 3.Seek answers to questions from Governmental agencies 4.Share information with other health care professionals SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 65
- 66. Information resources through Internet-cont’d • Group discussion online: 1.It is a means for many individuals to send and receive messages from a large number of people with a similar interest. 2.Types: • Listserv • newsgroup SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 66
- 67. Information resources through Internet-cont’d • World wide web: it is a use of the Internet for the connection of computers that all use a common protocol for information exchange. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 67
- 68. COMPUTER ASSISTANCE • • • • Maintenance of health records Health security card Use of ROBOTS Reduce error and give certitude to the clinical planning process SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 68
- 69. VIDEOCONFERENCING AND WEB BASED CONFERENCING • Helps to discuss the health problems of community people who cant get access to tertiary hospitals SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 69
- 70. Uses of Computer in Hospital and Community SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 70
- 71. PHARMACY ORDER MANUAL PROCESS Physician writes order Nurse validates Secretary completes paper work Nurse corrects Nurse contactPhysician Secretary sends to pharmacy SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 71
- 72. PHARMACY ORDER, AUTOMATED PROCESS Physician enters order in computer pharmacy receives order SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 72
- 73. Data Management • Workload statistics • Performance monitoring • Performance Improvement projects – Identification of problem areas – Before & After data • Regulatory compliance SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 73
- 74. Data Management • • • • How many new orders written on Ward X in a day? How many medications given on Ward X in a week? Show me all restraint orders for the past month List patients in the hospital for >24 hours without a VANOD skin assessment SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 74
- 75. Education Un si S p li tt in g ta b le ts p nu a Cle e os th o xt te rs! rde not es Hold Orders Q72h o rd SANGEETHA ANTOE gne d St ers tic o bi ti NURSING INFORMATICS An pD o tes a 75
- 76. How are Presence & Caring Conveyed? SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 76
- 77. Clinical Reasoning Software SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 77
- 78. Clinician’s Access to Paper Record •Attending Physician •Nursing •Consulting Physician(s) •Respiratory Care •Case Management •Nutritional Services •Risk Management •IV Team •Patient Financial Services •Infection Control •Wound Management •Pastoral Care •Clinical Process Improvement •Cardiology •PT/OT/Speech •Others SANGEETHA ANTOE PATIENT CHART NURSING INFORMATICS BARRIERS • Record must be on unit • All clinicians and support personnel must walk to location of chart • One person can access the chart at a time • Legibility of chart input • Timely filing of data results into chart • Finding clipboard for most current information 78
- 79. Clinician’s Access to Online Record �Attending Physician �Nursing �Consulting Physician(s) �Respiratory Care �Case Management �Nutritional Services �Risk Management �IV Team �Patient Financial Services �Infection Control �Wound Management �Pastoral Care �Clinical Process Improvement �Cardiology �PT/OT/Speech �Others SANGEETHA ANTOE ELECTRONIC PATIENT DATA NURSING INFORMATICS BARRIERS: • Systems Availability • User Acceptance 79
- 80. BENEFITS • Integrated Hemodynamic Monitors (Vital Signs) with EMR •Vital signs are automatically updated to the patient • Eliminates paper documentation and accurately captures patient information at the point of care • Devices are fixed in the patient room or mobile on COWs (Computers on Wheels) SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 80
- 81. BENEFITS…. • Hand-held Devices for Data Collection & Input • Assist with obtaining, verifying, and communicating data •Cardiology, Transplant, and other clinically significant data can be entered directly online • Eliminates the need for bulky data collection sheets • Enhances the ability for version control of data entry documents SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 81
- 82. BENEFITS…. • Online Fully Integrated Medication •Administration Record •Significant time reduction associated to documenting medications • Significant time reduction associated with transcription of medications to paper MAR •Decreased transcription errors •Increased patient safety SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 82
- 83. Medication Administration Record before after SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 83
- 84. BENEFITS…. • Online and Integrated Rules and Alerts (Workflow) • Drug-allergy alerts based on order entry functionality • Drug-drug interaction alerts • Alerts for abnormal lab values and vital signs •Alerts for new orders • Alerts for order renewals • Alerts for scheduled patient events SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 84
- 85. BENEFITS…. •CPOE – Computerized Provider Order Entry • Nurses no longer struggle to read physician handwriting •Reduces verbal orders • All providers can enter orders directly online • Integrated rules and alerts •Integrated allergy check • Decreases chances for transcription error • Reduces delays in patient care SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 85
- 86. BENEFITS…. •Bar Code Technology •Barcodes on patient bands and medication packaging helps to double check that the right medication is being given to the right patient at the right time •System alerts the nurse immediately if any inconsistencies or potential problems exist SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 86
- 87. BENEFITS…. • Health information technologies help patient to know more about their health status. • Patient can inform their health condition to therapist through mail. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 87
- 88. Monitoring of programmes in community Health Information System (HIS) facilitates effective monitoring of programmes. Eg; In Brazil the National AIDS control programme of the federal Government is linked with the AIDS control programmes of Brazil’s 27 states and 150 municipalities through computer based information system. (SICLOM) SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 88
- 89. National Rural Health Mission( NRHM) The Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA)- in each of the 6 lakh villages of the country so that the medical needs of the people living in remote areas could be taken care of. ASHA would be connected with a telephone as well as a computer with the rest of the facilities in the public health care chain. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 89
- 90. Primary health center • Designed to lessen the paperwork responsibility, get better data accuracy, and facilitate village health worker to provide timely care and information to the rural and semiurban population. • 2 projects were disigned for this. 1.Health Management Research Institute 2.Emergency Management Research Institute SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 90
- 91. Health management Research Institute(HMRI) • HMRI in association with Govermnent of India (GOI) and satyam foundation , hyderabad provides health care services on call over a toll free no ‘104’ which is available round the clock • Services include medical advice, counselling, information , tele medicine, tele monitoring and hospital management. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 91
- 92. HMRI….. • People can have access to the details of dispensaries, diagnostic centres, medical shops and hospital in the locality, medical colleges, rehabilitation canters. • Field workers engaged in monitoring of epidemics, outbreaks and analyzing the morbidity trend of their village contact this response center(104) and give information to the Integrated disease surveillance programme (IDSP) SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 92
- 93. Emergency Management research institute(EMRI) • Satyam computers, with the collaboration of Government is providing emergency response services which enables distress calls. • It reaches out to rescue people involved in critical accidents and emergencies. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 93
- 94. Other uses in community • Community information • Monthly report (no of birth, immunization, communicable disease, deaths, delivery) • Planning for programme • Planning for mobile clinic with regard to the information • Vital statistics • Hospital statistics SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 94
- 95. Other uses in community • • • • • Community mapping Research Epidemic outbreak Demographic characteristics of population Mass education SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 95
- 97. Privacy, Security, Confidentiality • Protected by Policies & Procedures • Security refers to technological, organizational, or administrative processes designed to protect data systems from unwarranted access, disclosures, modification, or destruction. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 97
- 98. ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS 1. CONFIDENTIALITY: Develop policies and procedures to ensure confidentiality Limit the time that information is left on the screen Placement of computer terminals A mechanism to determine which individuals are requesting sensitive information Creating passwords- change routinely Create level of access SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 98
- 99. ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS contd 2. EMPLOYEE ACCESS Policies and procedures regarding a. How employee can obtain accessibility b. For what reason they wish to access accessibility c. What information can be accessed d. What information is confidential and has limited access The access code should not be in alphabetical or numerical order SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 99
- 100. ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS contd 3. PATIENT PRIVACY: Privacy of information obtained from the patient and family members must be protected from those may “ abuse” such information SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 100
- 101. ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS contd 4. ACCURACY OF DATA INPUT: • Policies and procedures regarding entry of information into computerized records accurately and in timely manner. • Orientation and training programme must be developed. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 101
- 102. ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS contd 5. PATIENT’S RIGHT TO A COPY OF THE MEDICAL RECORD: • Policies and procedures regarding when a patient or patient’s attorney can actively obtain a copy of computerized chart SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 102
- 103. ETHICAL CONCEPTS: • Know the importance of confidentiality • Know about the laws regarding computer information • Be concerned about what data is collected and how the data is used • Be concerned about the dehumanisation of patient care • Know about ethical/ legal issues SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 103
- 104. ROLE OF NURSE MANAGER SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 104
- 105. Evaluation of information found on the Net 1. PURPOSE What is the authors purpose in developing the site? Are the authors objective clear? Many people will develop website as a hobby There should be congruence between author purpose and ours SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 105
- 106. Evaluation of information found on the Net…… 2. LINKS: Evaluate the links at the site. Are they working? Do they link to reliable sites? Check for dead links SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 106
- 107. Evaluation of information found on the Net….. 3. EDITORIAL Is the information in the site accurate, comprehensive and current? Who is the consumer of the site? Is the information presented in an appropriate format for the intended audience? SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 107
- 108. Evaluation of information found on the Net…. 4. AUTHOR Who is the author of the site? Does he has appropriate credentials? Is the author clearly identified by name and is contact information provided? Check for webmaster and author SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 108
- 109. Evaluation of information found on the Net…. 5. SITE Is the site easy to navigate? Does it download quickly? 6. ETHICAL Is there contact information for site developer and author? Is there full disclosure of who the author is and the purpose of the site? SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 109
- 110. Evaluation of information found on the Net…. 6. DATE: When was the site last updated? Does the information need to be updated regularly? Be concerned with sites that have not been updated within 12 to 18 months. SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 110
- 111. Examine and Describe: • Target environment • Current Situation • Projected Situation • New & Emerging Technologies and Resources • Key Information Sources • Emerging Issues SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 111
- 112. Implementation tips 1. • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. Be prepared to implement change within change Personnel change Organizational change Technological change Requires economic justification All groups will demand something immediately Be prepared to violate some classical principles now and then Develop and implement in phases SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 112
- 113. Implementation tips…. 6. Anticipate that software will be a problem area • Buy donot build office automation software • Do not be a testing ground for new software 7. Be aware of automation paradox • Demand will exceed supply • Full automation capabilities will not be used 8. Biggest challenge is people challenge 9. There will be always something you didn’t think of 10. Establish standard software and communication protocol SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 113
- 114. Ergonomics…. comes from the Latin ergos (to work) and nomos (knowledge). • the science of using knowledge of work activities and the human body’s limitations to structuring work environments, or "fitting the work to the worker". • SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 114
- 115. Ergonomic Assessment • Is your computer workstation safe and ergonomically situated? • If not, what do you need to change to work in an ergonomically supported environment? • What about using PDAs? • Or Laptops? • Or Cell Phones? SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 115
- 116. PPE for Computers •Personal Protective Equipment –Antivirals –Firewalls –Operating System Updates SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 116
- 117. Implications Evaluation of the organization’s current Informatics infrastructure should be conducted – Annually – Anytime upgrades are made – As patient populations served change – As care delivery programs change Nursing leadership must be sensitive to the importance of planning for adequate budgetary resources (personnel, hardware and software) SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 117
- 118. Barriers • • • • • Expensive Training to staff Initial resistance from staff Adoption is time consuming process Aged and outdated equipment calls for replacement due to technological changes which adds to the cost SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 118
- 119. conclusion “Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower.” - Steve Jobs SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 119
- 121. THANK YOU SANGEETHA ANTOE NURSING INFORMATICS 121