NTRACEUTICALS BY HANU PRATAP
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The document discusses nutraceuticals, defined as food substances that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, including disease prevention and treatment. It categorizes various nutraceuticals based on their components and sources, highlighting their potential health benefits such as improving heart health, aiding digestion, and lowering cancer risk. Additionally, it covers the roles of vitamins, minerals, herbs, and phytochemicals, as well as market examples and definitions of nutraceuticals.
NTRACEUTICALS BY HANU PRATAP
- 2. HISTORY The Greek physician Hippocrates, often known as the “father of medicine” said “let food be your medicine”. The Philosophy behind is: “Focus on Prevention” The term "Nutraceutical" was coined by combining the terms "Nutrition" and "Pharmaceutical" in 1989 by Dr. Stephen De Felice. According to Dr. DeFelice , “Nutraceutical is any substance that is a food or a part of food that provides medicinal or health benefits including the prevention and treatment of disease.”
- 3. Classification of Nutraceuticals Class / components Source Potential benefit 1. FATTY ACIDS Milk & Meat Improve body composition, reduce cancers Omega - 3 FA Fish oils, maize fodder, mustard, linseed, rapeseed, etc., Reduce CVD & improve mental, visual function
- 4. 2. POLYPHENOLS Anthocyanidine Fruits Neutralizes free radicals, reduce risk of cancer Catechins Tea, Coffee Flavonone Citrus fruits •Neutralize free radicals • Reduce risk of cancer Proanthocyanidine Cocoa, chocolate, tea, rape seed Reduce CVD
- 5. 3. SAPONIN Soybean, Chickpea Lower cholesterol, anti cancer 4.PROBIOTICS/PREBIO TICS/ SYNBIOTICS Lactobacillus Dahi, yogurt Improve GI health Fructo - oligosaccharides Whole grains, onions, combination of Pro & Prebiotics 5. PHYTOESTROGENS Daidzein Maize, soybean Reduce menopause symptoms, increase bone health. Lignans Flax, vegetables Reduce cancer and heart diseases
- 6. 6. CAROTENOIDS β- carotene Carrot, pumpkin, sweet potatoes Neutralizes free radicals which damages the cells. Lutein, zeaxanthin Spinach, corn, eggs Supports maintenance of eye health Lycopene Tomatoes,watermelon Supports maintenance of prostate health. 7. DIETARY FIBER Insoluble fiber Wheat bran, corn bran • Maintenance of digestive health. • Reduce the risk of cancer Soluble fiber Peas, Beans, Apples Reduce the risk of CHD and Cancer β - glucan Oats bran, barely Maintenance of healthy
- 7. Broadly can be defined as… Nutrients: Substances which have established Nutritional functions e.g. Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids, Fatty acids, etc. Herbals/ Phytochemicals: Herbs or Botanical products. Dietary Supplements: Probiotics, Prebiotics, Antioxidants, Enzymes, etc.
- 8. VITAMINS Fat soluble vitamins: Components Source Potential benefits Vitamin A Carrots, Spinach Maintenance of eye, immune and bone health. Vitamin D Milk. Eggyolk, Sunlight Essential for formation of bones and teeth, helps the body to absorb and use calcium. Vitamin E Almonds, Mangoes Helps to form blood cells, boost immune system. Vitamin K Mustard, Turnip Essential for blood clotting
- 9. Water soluble vitamins Components Source Potential benefits Vitamin C Citrus Fruits, Strawberries Maintenance of bone and immune health Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Lentils, Peas Maintenance of mental function and regulates Metabolism Vitamin B2 Meat, Nuts, Milk, Eggs Helps in carbohydrate metabolism, essential for neurological function. Vitamin B3 Meat, cereals, Milk Energy metabolism, brain function. Vitamin B6 Fish, Eggs, Vegetables Helps to produce essential proteins, convert proteins to energy Vitamin B12 Egg, Fish, Meat metabolism of protein, fat and carbohydrate. Folic acid Beans, Rice, Spinach Helps in RBC formation,
- 10. MINERALS Components Source Potential benefits Calcium Yogurt, Spinach Reduce the risk of osteoporosis Magnesium Pumpkin seeds, Almonds Maintenance of muscle and nerve function. Potassium Potatoes, banana Reduce the risk of high blood pressure Iodine Fish (tuna, cod), Milk, banana Essential for proper function of thyroid gland Iron Red meat, Spinach Energy production, Hb, oxygen transport.
- 11. FATTY ACIDS Components Source Potential Benefits Monounsaturated Fatty acids Olive oil, nuts May reduce the risk of CHD by decreasing the level of cholesterol in blood Polyunsaturated fatty acid Walnuts, flaxseed oil Maintenance of heart and eye health, supports the mental function
- 12. HERBS Aloe vera: Anti-inflammatory, emollient, wound healing. Garlic: Antibacterial, antifungal, antithrombotic , anti- inflammatory Ginger: carminative, antiemetic, treatment of dizziness. Ginseng: Adaptogen Green tea: Antioxidant, reduces risk of CVD
- 13. Vegetables, fruits, whole grain, herbs, nuts and various seeds contain an abundance of phenolic compounds, terpenoids, sulphur compounds, pigments etc. that has been associated with protection / treatment of certain disease conditions.
- 14. PHYTOCHEMICALS Phytochemicals Source Role Tocotrienols & tocopherols Grains Suppressed the growth of diverse tumors cell lines via initiation of apoptosis and concomitant arrest of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle Carotenoids Fruits & vegetables Antioxidants, protects against uterine, prostate, colorectal, lung and digestive tract cancers, and protection to other antioxidants. Phytosterols Various plants Exhibit anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic(prevent from development of tumor), anti-pyretic & immune- modulating activity, decrease cholesterol.
- 15. Phenolic constituents Various plants wholegrain Antioxidants, lowers the risk of CHD, diabetes, hypertension etc. Flavonoids Grapes, wines Action against free radicals, free radicals mediated cellular signaling, inflammation, allergies, platelet aggregation, & hepatotoxins(toxin damage liver) Catechin & gallic acids Grapes, berries, cocoa, green tea, acacia spp. Antioxidants, free radical scavenging ability. Isoflavonoids Soybeans Treating cancers & osteoporosis Anthocyanidins Fruits & flowers Antioxidants & anti- mutagenic properties Indoles Broccoli, Cabbage Reduces estrogen dependent cancer risk Fiber Various vegetables, fruits, Protects against colorectal
- 16. PROBIOTICS Live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host Species of Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus species are also used as probiotics
- 18. PREBIOTICS Nondigestible substances that provide a beneficial physiological effect for the host by selectively stimulating the favorable growth of a limited number of indigenous bacteria. Commonly known prebiotics are: Oligofructose Inulin Galacto-oligosaccharides Lactulose
- 21. NUTRACEUTICALS AVAILABLE IN MARKET Brand name Components Function Betatene Carotenoids Immune function Xangold Lutein esters Eye health Lipoec -lipoic acid Potent antioxidant Generol Phytosterol CHD reduction Premium probiotics probiotics Intestinal disorder Soylife Soyabean phytoestrogen Bone health
- 22. Definition of Nutraceutical A nutraceutical is any substance considered as a food, or its part which, in addition to its normal which, in addition to its normal nutritional value provides health benefits including the prevention of disease or promotion of health. It is “any non-toxic food component that has scientifically proven health benefits, including disease treatment or prevention” .
- 23. Z-trim Wheat Zero calorie fat replacer Linumlife Lignan extract flax Prostate health Fenulife Fenugreek galactomannon Control blood sugar Teamax Green tea extract Potent antioxidant Marinol 3 FA, DHA, EPA Heart health protection Clarinol CLA Weight loss ingredient Cholestaid Saponin Reduce cholesterol
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