Old Oracle Versions
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This document summarizes top gotchas or issues with older Oracle database versions, providing examples of outdated syntax or features no longer supported. It covers 20 topics such as using record types for inserts, temporary tables, analytic functions, writing BLOBs to files, and limitations of DBMS_OUTPUT in earlier versions. The document aims to help users of aged Oracle databases avoid problems by being aware of limitations and using alternative approaches as needed.
![#6: string literals
v_sql := q'[SELECT q'{She said 'Hello'.}' FROM t]';](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/oldoracleversions-131114014614-phpapp01/85/Old-Oracle-Versions-36-320.jpg)
![#6: string literals
v_sql := q'[SELECT q'{She said 'Hello'.}' FROM t]';
single-quotes-masquerading-as-double-quotes hell…
v_sql := 'SELECT ''She said ''''Hello''''.'' FROM t';](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/oldoracleversions-131114014614-phpapp01/85/Old-Oracle-Versions-37-320.jpg)
Old Oracle Versions
- 1. Old Oracle Versions Top 20 Gotchas Jeffrey Kemp AUSOUG Perth Conference, October 2012
- 2. Poll • Oldest Oracle database version worked with • Past 12 months (approximately)
- 3. Database Versions & Extended Support v7 v8 8i 9i 9iR2 10g 10gR2 11g 11gR2 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995 1992 12c
- 4. Disclaimer The following is intended to outline the general product direction way back in the distant past. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not always be perfectly syntactically correct. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions (if you’re thinking of buying 8i or 9i, you should probably get out from under that rock). The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle… who cares, give us the new features now!
- 5. “Be grateful for what you have...”
- 6. vs.
- 7. #20: insert from record type INSERT INTO mytable VALUES rec;
- 8. #20: insert from record type INSERT INTO mytable VALUES rec; INSERT INTO mytable (col1, col2, col3, …) VALUES (rec.col1, rec.col2, rec.col3, …);
- 9. #19: temporary tables CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE t...
- 10. #19: temporary tables BEGIN TRUNCATE TABLE ordinary_tmp; INSERT INTO ordinary_tmp ...; -- etc… END;
- 13. #17: queries on DBMS_RANDOM SELECT DBMS_RANDOM.value FROM dual; ORA-00600 internal error http://www.angelfire.com/home/jasonvogel/oracle_plsql_random_number_generator.html
- 14. #16: TIMESTAMP & INTERVAL the_exact_time TIMESTAMP := SYSTIMESTAMP;
- 15. #16: TIMESTAMP & INTERVAL the_exact_time TIMESTAMP := SYSTIMESTAMP; Java - timestamp.getTime() (number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT)
- 16. #15: DIRECTORY objects CREATE DIRECTORY mydir AS '/usr/example';
- 17. #15: DIRECTORY objects CREATE DIRECTORY mydir AS '/usr/example'; ALTER SYSTEM SET UTL_FILE_DIR='/usr/example' SCOPE=SPFILE; - restart database f := utl_file.fopen( '/usr/example' , 'myfile.txt' , 'rw');
- 18. #14: SQL analytic functions BEGIN FOR r IN ( SELECT RANK(a) OVER (PARTITION BY b ORDER BY c) q FROM t) LOOP ...
- 19. #14: SQL analytic functions BEGIN FOR r IN ( SELECT RANK(a) OVER (PARTITION BY b ORDER BY c) q FROM t) LOOP ... CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT RANK(a) OVER (PARTITION BY b ORDER BY c) q FROM t; BEGIN FOR r IN (SELECT q FROM t) LOOP ... (alternatively, use dynamic SQL instead) Analytic functions were added in 8iR2, but they only work in plain SQL – PL/SQL embedded SQL didn’t use the same engine. R2
- 20. #13: write BLOB to file l_file := UTL_FILE.fopen ('BLOBS','MyImage.gif','w', 32767); WHILE l_pos < l_blob_len LOOP DBMS_LOB.read(l_blob, l_amount, l_pos, l_buffer); UTL_FILE.put_raw(l_file, l_buffer, TRUE); l_pos := l_pos + l_amount; END LOOP; UTL_FILE.fclose(l_file);
- 21. #13: write BLOB to file l_file := UTL_FILE.fopen ('BLOBS','MyImage.gif','w', 32767); WHILE l_pos < l_blob_len LOOP DBMS_LOB.read(l_blob, l_amount, l_pos, l_buffer); UTL_FILE.put_raw(l_file, l_buffer, TRUE); l_pos := l_pos + l_amount; END LOOP; UTL_FILE.fclose(l_file); Java - http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/8i/export-blob.php
- 22. #12: external tables CREATE TABLE t ... ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL
- 23. #12: external tables CREATE TABLE t ... ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW diy$extfile AS SELECT * FROM TABLE( CAST(read_file_into_array() AS my_array_type) ); (using UTL_FILE) - http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/8i/diydynamic-views.php
- 24. #11: XMLTYPE CREATE TABLE t (myxml XMLTYPE);
- 25. #11: XMLTYPE CREATE TABLE t (myxml XMLTYPE); xmlparser.parse( v_parser , 'C:emp.xml'); v_doc := xmlparser.getDocument (v_parser); http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/8i/parsexml-documents-8i.php
- 26. #10: NULL datatype conversion SELECT null, null, null FROM dual UNION ALL SELECT 'abc', 123, DATE '2012-01-01' FROM dual; ORA-01790: expression must have same datatype as corresponding expression ?
- 27. #10: NULL datatype conversion SELECT null, null, null FROM dual UNION ALL SELECT 'abc', 123, DATE '2012-01-01' FROM dual; SELECT null, TO_NUMBER(null), TO_DATE(null) FROM dual UNION ALL SELECT 'abc', 123, DATE '2012-01-01' FROM dual;
- 28. vs.
- 29. #9: MERGE MERGE INTO d USING (SELECT * FROM src) s ON (d.id = s.id) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE d.a = s.a, d.b = s.b WHERE s.a = 'x' DELETE WHERE s.a = 'z' WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (s.id, s.a, s.b) WHERE s.b = 'y'; WHEN MATCHED and WHEN NOT MATCHED are optional* * DELETE WHERE must be part of a WHEN MATCHED clause, however
- 30. #9: MERGE MERGE INTO d USING (SELECT * FROM src) s ON (d.id = s.id) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE d.a = s.a, d.b = s.b WHERE s.a = 'x' DELETE WHERE s.a = 'z' WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (s.id, s.a, s.b) WHERE s.b = 'y'; WHEN MATCHED and WHEN NOT MATCHED are mandatory
- 31. #9: MERGE MERGE INTO d USING (SELECT * FROM src) s ON (d.id = s.id) WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE d.a = s.a, d.b = s.b WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (s.id, s.a, s.b); FOR s IN (SELECT * FROM src) LOOP UPDATE d SET d.a = s.a, d.b = s.b WHERE d.id = s.id; IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN INSERT INTO d VALUES (s.id, s.a, s.b); END IF; END LOOP;
- 32. #8: FORALL on sparse array FORALL i IN INDICES OF arr INSERT INTO t (arr(i));
- 33. #8: FORALL on sparse array FORALL i IN INDICES OF arr INSERT INTO t (arr(i)); un-sparse that array, then… FORALL i IN 1..arr.COUNT INSERT INTO t (arr(i));
- 34. #7: UTL_MAIL
- 35. #7: UTL_SMTP
- 36. #6: string literals v_sql := q'[SELECT q'{She said 'Hello'.}' FROM t]';
- 37. #6: string literals v_sql := q'[SELECT q'{She said 'Hello'.}' FROM t]'; single-quotes-masquerading-as-double-quotes hell… v_sql := 'SELECT ''She said ''''Hello''''.'' FROM t';
- 38. #5: Regular Expressions • REGEXP_INSTR • REGEXP_REPLACE • REGEXP_SUBSTR
- 39. #5: Regular Expressions • Try this homegrown solution: http://phil-sqltips.blogspot.com.au/2009/06/regexpreplaceregexplike-for-oracle-9i.html • Or just do it old-school – INSTR, SUBSTR, LIKE, TRANSLATE, etc.
- 40. #4: PLS_INTEGER vs. BINARY_INTEGER PLS_INTEGER = BINARY_INTEGER
- 41. #4: PLS_INTEGER vs. BINARY_INTEGER • PLS_INTEGER uses native arithmetic = faster • PLS_INTEGER - overflow exception • BINARY_INTEGER overflow - no overflow exception* * If a 9i BINARY_INTEGER operation overflows, no exception is raised if the result is being assigned to a NUMBER. In 10g, this is not true – PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER are identical, both raise an exception on overflow.
- 42. #3: DBMS_OUTPUT Max size: unlimited Line size: 32KB
- 43. #3: DBMS_OUTPUT Max size: 1 million bytes* Line size: 255 bytes *default = 20,000 bytes
- 44. #2, #1, #0 • no PL/SQL conditional compilation • no Recycle Bin for dropped tables • no flashback table* *NOTE: in my original presentation I claimed “no flashback query” in 9i, but this is incorrect. (Thanks to Tom Kyte for the correction!)
- 45. Moral of the story? • Use appropriate features when available • Be professional • Keep old Oracle documentation URLs